Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo最新文献_第5页

At the limits of knowledge: Philosophy and religion in Southwestern Neo-Kantianism 在知识的极限:西南新康德主义的哲学与宗教

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2202389b

Jacinto Bonifaci

引用次数: 0

From deliberation to participation: Democratic commitments and the paradox of voting 从审议到参与:民主承诺和投票的悖论

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2201098s

A. Šoć

{"title":"From deliberation to participation: Democratic commitments and the paradox of voting","authors":"A. Šoć","doi":"10.2298/fid2201098s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2201098s","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I examine the view that, surprisingly, the more citizens deliberate about politics, the less likely they are to participate in the realm of the political, and vice versa. In the first part of the paper, I approach the problem from the perspective of the paradox of voting, the claim that voting itself is instrumentally irrational because of the very low probability that a single vote will make any difference at the elections. In the second part of the paper, I argue that rather than analyzing voting instrumentally, it is better to view it as part of the civic commitments that constitute what it means to be a citizen in a democratic society. The act of voting is not primarily an individual?s attempt to decisively influence any particular outcome, but an affirmation of the key practice that upholds the democratic society in which citizens play a part. This reveals a meta-paradox of voting. Namely, to not vote is to exhibit a type of behavior that implies acceptance of democracy simultaneously with rejecting its defining component. Because of that, I will claim, not voting is itself irrational. In light of that conclusion, in the third part of the paper, I explore the extant divide between deliberation and participation by referring back to the analysis of civic commitments. Whereas participation without deliberating reveals ideological bias, deliberation without participation expresses a lack of understanding of what it means to be a citizen. The way to connect them is to engage in a process of attaining reflective equilibrium between the two, starting from the practice of deliberation that would be fully informed by the awareness of our democratic commitments and disconnected from ideologically motivated participation.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72981460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Failed expectations: can deliberative innovations produce democratic effects in hybrid regimes? 失败的期望:协商创新能否在混合型政体中产生民主效应?

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2201050f

I. Fiket, V. Ilić, Gazela Pudar-Drasko

{"title":"Failed expectations: can deliberative innovations produce democratic effects in hybrid regimes?","authors":"I. Fiket, V. Ilić, Gazela Pudar-Drasko","doi":"10.2298/fid2201050f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2201050f","url":null,"abstract":"Participation in deliberation in stable democracies produces effects which are beneficial for democracy, while the results of deliberative innovations in non-democracies are more ambiguous. This article contributes to the debate about the effects of participatory democratic innovations on attitudes, related to democratic commitments, political capacities and political participation, in the increasingly ubiquitous hybrid regimes. We present the evidence collected from the participants before and after deliberative mini publics (DMPs), held in Serbia in 2020. Serbia is an exemplary case of a recent wave of autocratization, which had led to it becoming a hybrid regime, and it had no track record of deliberative innovations. When conducting the mini publics, we introduced an innovation in the standard design, by including active citizens - representatives of local initiatives or social movements particularly interested in the issue of DMPs. We could not find evidence that the democratic innovation affected attitudes of participants regarding democratic commitments, political capacities and political participation. However, we did find that participants of the DMPs became less satisfied with the functioning of the democracy on the local level. We argue that the anti-democratic wider context of hybrid regimes can produce adverse effects when introducing participatory democratic innovations, at least when it comes to this specific dimension of political participation. We conclude with the suggestions for further research, and a call for consideration of the wider political context when designing democratic interventions in hybrid regimes.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80880209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of deliberation on citizen knowledge, attitudes and preferences: A case study of a Belgrade deliberative mini public 协商对公民知识、态度和偏好的影响:以贝尔格莱德协商迷你公众为例

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2201072d

A. Djordjevic, J. Vasiljević

{"title":"The effects of deliberation on citizen knowledge, attitudes and preferences: A case study of a Belgrade deliberative mini public","authors":"A. Djordjevic, J. Vasiljević","doi":"10.2298/fid2201072d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2201072d","url":null,"abstract":"Participation in deliberative arenas is often lauded for its transformative impact on citizens? attitudes, sense of agency and ability to formulate concrete policy proposals. The focus of this paper is the first ever deliberative mini public in Belgrade, centred on the topic of expanding the pedestrian zone and rerouting traffic in the city core. By relying on a set of qualitative and quantitative data collected before and after the deliberation, we aim to explore the effects of the public deliberation on the participants? knowledge, attitudes and preferences. Our hypothesis was that participation in this deliberative process led to better understanding (enhanced knowledge) of the discussed topic and change in attitudes and preferences regarding its realization. The scope of this study is limited, given the non-experimental design and small sample. Overall, the results indicate that participants` knowledge on the topic of deliberation is enhanced, becoming more precise, elaborate and encompassing different perspectives. As for the attitudes and preferences, in most cases, around two-thirds of the sample changed their positions, while about a third of the sample changed sides, mostly agreeing less with the expansion of the pedestrian zone. The findings support the conclusion that, on a local level, deliberation has the capacity to inform and enhance competence for greater political participation.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79621981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Third Road policy: Eurocommunism and its Yugoslav assessment 第三条道路政策:欧洲共产主义及其对南斯拉夫的评估

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2204037b

M. Bešlin, P. Zarkovic, S. Milošević

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Corrigendum on: Munkholt Christensen, Maria (2021), “Meditatio mortis. Meditating on death, philosophy and gender in late antique hagioraphy”, Philosophy and Society 32(2): 177-193, doi: https://doi.org/10.2298/FID2102177M. 更正:Munkholt Christensen, Maria(2021)，“冥想死亡。”对晚期古代圣典中的死亡、哲学和性别的思考"，哲学与社会32(2):177-193,doi: https://doi.org/10.2298/FID2102177M。

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2201279e

E. Editorial

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Kant’s moral theory as a guide in philanthropy 康德的道德理论对慈善事业的指导作用

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2203585r

B. Radovanović

{"title":"Kant’s moral theory as a guide in philanthropy","authors":"B. Radovanović","doi":"10.2298/fid2203585r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2203585r","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on Kant?s moral theory and how it can guide our actions in philanthropy. Philanthropy is usually defined as a voluntary action aimed at relieving suffering and improving the quality of lives of others. It has been argued that, within the framework of Kant?s theory, it is our duty to be beneficent, sacrificing a part of our welfare for others. The duty of beneficence is a wide one. Interpreters of Kant disagree on what the wide duty of beneficence requires. While a few argue that it only requires that we provide help sometimes, others hold that the duty of beneficence should be seen as more demanding, particularly in cases of emergency when help is urgently required. We are morally obliged to promote the happiness of others, but the duty of beneficence does not tell us whose happiness and how much of our resources to give. Other than emergency cases, in fulfilling the duty of beneficence, we can prioritize the ends of those near and dear to us who concern us more. Moreover, on condition that we are not indifferent to others, it is morally permissible to prioritize our ends. Finally, the paper argues that it is not always straightforward what kind of action is required in helping someone in need, and that beneficence in Kantian terms is not limited to the philanthropic sector.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75880219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Embodying Metaverse as artificial life: At the intersection of media and 4E cognition theories 将虚拟世界化身为人工生命:媒介与4E认知理论的交集

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2202326u

Ivana Uspenski, Jelena Guga

{"title":"Embodying Metaverse as artificial life: At the intersection of media and 4E cognition theories","authors":"Ivana Uspenski, Jelena Guga","doi":"10.2298/fid2202326u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2202326u","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decades of the 20th century we have seen media theories and cognitive sciences grow, mature and reach their pinnacles by analysing, each from their own disciplinary perspective, two of the same core phenomena: that of media as the environment, transmitter and creator of stimuli, and that of embodied human mind as the stimuli receiver, interpreter, experiencer, and also how both are affected by each other. Even though treating a range of very similar problems and coming to similar conclusions, this still has not brought these two disciplines closer together or resulted in their interdisciplinary approach. They did coalesce in regards to traditional media such as film, but more points of connection are needed for untangling interactive and immersive media environments and their effects on human cognition, action, and perception. With the rise of VR and VR-like systems, especially as they start to evolve into the Metaverse as their main platform of interconnectivity, the tissue of the body becomes almost physically intertwined with that of the virtual surrounding it inhabits through immersion. Simultaneously, the interest in these disciplines arises anew, and especially the need to use their concepts in an interdisciplinary way. This paper?s main interest is to bring these disciplines together in problematising the position of a physical body and its sensory-motor capabilities and their development within synthetic surroundings as Metaverse and anticipate potential downsides of Metaverse?s uncontrolled growth. We will do so also by looking into Metaverse as an artificial-life-like phenomenon, following artificial-life rules and evolving a completely new ?corporeality?, a body which is completely adapted to virtual spaces. We call this body the Dry Body, an entity sharing cognitive resources with the physical body it is not a physical part of, but has to extend to.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84426222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The dead body of/in Gennady Gor’s poetry 根纳季·戈尔诗歌中的死尸

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2204834s

Vasilisa Sljivar

引用次数: 0

Education and politikon zoōn

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Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2298/fid2202423d

Z. Dimić

{"title":"Education and politikon zoōn","authors":"Z. Dimić","doi":"10.2298/fid2202423d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/fid2202423d","url":null,"abstract":"Aristotle?s definition of humans determines his understanding of education (paideia) in Politics as politikon zo?n. This definition should always be considered together with the other most important Aristotle?s statement about the human being, in which he claims that ?man alone of the animals possesses speech (log?s)?. The ability to speak becomes most important within the specific political partnership (p?lis), which has at last attained the limit of virtually complete ?self-sufficiency? (autarke?as). Contrary to ?every household? where the eldest member ?gives the law? (themiste?ei) to sons and spouses, in the city (p?lis), the ?speech (log?s) is designed to indicate (sema?neiv) the advantageous and harmful, and the right and wrong?. In sum, justice became political (dikaiosun? politik?v). It always appears like the outcome of an argument or dispute (kr?sis) on what is just (to? dika?ou). We should understand education (paideia) in the context of the previous statements. Dispute (amfisbet?in), the keyword of Aristotle?s understanding of education, appears in the first sentence of Politics VIII. Aristotle states that ?they (people) dispute? the question of what ?constitutes education and what is the proper way to be educated?. There is not one complete, definitive, and standard answer to the question of what is the best way to be educated that we should implement in the educational activities. Based on Aristotle?s view, I claim that the first purpose of education is not to determine and constrain the activity of the youth and citizens in general, but to provoke and facilitate the dispute on the essence and aims of education.","PeriodicalId":41902,"journal":{"name":"Philosophy and Society-Filozofija i Drustvo","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82583450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0