{"title":"Corneal Confocal Microscopy Identifies Structural Small Fibre Abnormalities in an Adolescent with Type 1 Diabetes and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycaemia.","authors":"Mainak Banerjee, Pradip Mukhopadhyay, Madhurima Basu, Sujoy Ghosh","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.21","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia (IAH) is present in around 25-40% of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Herein, we present a case of an adolescent with T1DM and IAH who had worse corneal nerve parameters compared to a T1DM adolescent without IAH. Small fibre abnormalities detected by corneal confocal microscopy in an objective easy-to-perform non-invasive test might be a surrogate indicator of underlying autonomic dysfunction in T1DM and IAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"128-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Journal's Hormonal Balance.","authors":"Elizabeth Paz-Pacheco","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.01","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real-World Use of Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Thai Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Private Hospital Setting.","authors":"Yotsapon Thewjitcharoen, Nalin Yenseung, Siriwan Butadej, Soontaree Nakasatien, Phawinpon Chotwanvirat, Waralee Chatchomchuan, Ekgaluck Wanothayaroj, Sirinate Krittiyawong, Thep Himathongkam","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the real-world use of once-weekly semaglutide among Thai patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in a private hospital setting.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective review of Thai patients with T2DM who have initiated semaglutide for at least 1 month between June 2020 and March 2022 at Theptarin Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 patients (50% female, mean age 55.6 ± 15.9 years, with duration of diabetes 12.6 ± 10.3 years, BMI 31.5 ± 4.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, baseline HbA<sub>1c</sub> 7.9 ± 1.9%, with prior GLP-1 RA use 24.1%, and concomitant SGLT2i intake (41.4%) were included. During a median follow-up of 6 months, the mean serum HbA<sub>1c</sub> level reduction was 1.3 ± 1.7% with weight loss of 4.7 ± 4.1 kg. The proportion of patients who achieved optimal and sustainable glycemic control (HbA<sub>1c</sub> < 7.0%) increased from 43.1% to 55.8% at the last follow-up. The proportion of patients reaching both HbA<sub>1c</sub> targets of <7.0% and 5% weight loss was 27.8%. No cases of pancreatitis, cancer, or progressive retinopathy were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this single center undertaking, it was shown that in among persons with T2DM and obesity in Thailand, semaglutide was associated with short-term glycemic control and weight loss comparable with what has been observed in randomized clinical trials and other RWE.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ce/03/JAFES-38-1-21.PMC10213164.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9589869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mafauzy Mohamed, Siang Chin Lim, Malik Mumtaz, Shweta Uppal, Deepak Mukherjee, Mohamed Saiful Mohd Kassim, Shalini Sreedharan, Amudha Murugan Doraiswamy, Kuck Meng Chong, Lu Yu Tat, Sudzilla Binti Nordin, Jeshen Lau Hui Giek, Zanariah Hussein, Khalid Abdul Kadir, Bik Kui Lau, Siew Pheng Chan
{"title":"Initiating or Switching to Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Malaysia: Results from a Prospective, Non-interventional Real-World Study.","authors":"Mafauzy Mohamed, Siang Chin Lim, Malik Mumtaz, Shweta Uppal, Deepak Mukherjee, Mohamed Saiful Mohd Kassim, Shalini Sreedharan, Amudha Murugan Doraiswamy, Kuck Meng Chong, Lu Yu Tat, Sudzilla Binti Nordin, Jeshen Lau Hui Giek, Zanariah Hussein, Khalid Abdul Kadir, Bik Kui Lau, Siew Pheng Chan","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Insulin degludec (IDeg)/insulin aspart (IAsp; IDegAsp) is a co-formulation of 70% IDeg and 30% IAsp. According to several randomized controlled trials, IDegAsp is effective and safe for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A subgroup analysis of the ARISE study was conducted to explore the safety and efficacy of IDegAsp among Malaysian patients with T2DM in real-world settings.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>ARISE, an open-label, multicenter, non-interventional, prospective study was conducted between August 2019 and December 2020. Adult Malaysian patients with T2DM who were enrolled from 14 sites received IDegAsp as per the local label for 26 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels from baseline to end of study (EOS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 182 patients included in the full analysis set, 159 (87.4%) completed the study. From baseline to EOS, HbA1c (estimated difference [ED]: -1.3% [95% CI: -1.61 to -0.90]) and fasting plasma glucose levels (ED: -1.8 mmol/L [95% CI: -2.49 to -1.13]) were significantly reduced (<i>p</i><0.0001). The patient-reported reduced hypoglycemic episodes (overall and nocturnal) during treatment. Overall, 37 adverse events were observed in 23 (12.6%) patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Switching or initiating IDegAsp treatment resulted in significant improvements in glycemic control and a reduction in hypoglycemic episodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e8/a4/JAFES-38-1-37.PMC10213167.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9589873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Panhypopituitarism and Bifid Uvula.","authors":"Pankaj Singhania, Aditya Deshpande","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"136-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c1/56/JAFES-38-1-136.PMC10213380.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9597716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Paul Martin Bagos, Mendoza Erick, Bien Matawaran
{"title":"Predictors of Poor Glycemic Control and Increased Glucose Variability Among Admitted Moderate to Critical COVID-19 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Single Center Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"John Paul Martin Bagos, Mendoza Erick, Bien Matawaran","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.07","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>COVID-19 exacerbates the long-standing, low-grade chronic inflammation observed in diabetes leading to heightened insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Mortality increases with hyperglycemia and poor glycemic variability, hence, this study aims to identify the predictors associated with poor glycemic control and increased glucose variability among patients with COVID-19 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective chart review of 109 patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 and T2DM admitted from March 2020 to June 2021 was done. Logistic regression was done to determine predictors for hyperglycemia and poor variability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 109 patients, 78% had hyperglycemia and poor variability and 22% had no poor outcomes. Chronic kidney disease (eOR 2.83, CI [1.07-7.46], <i>p</i> = 0.035) was associated with increased glycemic variability. In contrast, increasing eGFR level (eOR 0.97, CI [0.96-0.99], <i>p</i> = 0.004) was associated with less likelihood of increased variability. Hs-CRP (eOR 1.01, CI [1.00-1.01], <i>p</i> = 0.011), HbA1c (eOR 1.86, CI [1.23-2.82], <i>p</i> = 0.003), severe COVID-19 (eOR 8.91, CI [1.77-44.94], <i>p</i> = 0.008) and critical COVID-19 (eOR 4.42, CI [1.65-11.75], <i>p</i> = 0.003) were associated with hyperglycemia. Steroid use (eOR 71.17, CI [8.53-593.54], <i>p</i><0.001) showed the strongest association with hyperglycemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Potential clinical, laboratory and inflammatory profiles were identified as predictors for poor glycemic control and variability outcomes. HbA1c, hs-CRP, and COVID-19 severity are predictors of hyperglycemia. Likewise, chronic kidney disease is a predictor of increased glycemic variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"57-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kishore Shil, Tahmina Ferdousi, Tahniyah Haq, M A Hasanat
{"title":"Sex Reversal Syndrome (SRS): A Case of SRY-Positive 46,XX Testicular Disorder.","authors":"Kishore Shil, Tahmina Ferdousi, Tahniyah Haq, M A Hasanat","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.09","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a case of an SRY-positive 46,XX Indian male who presented with small testis and phallus, poor beard and mustache development and gynecomastia at the age of 24 years. He was biochemically found to have hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. He had 46,XX karyotype and Quantitative Fluorescence-PCR (QF-PCR) identified the SRY gene on the X chromosome. SRY-positive 46 XX male SRS cases usually present as phenotypically male since birth but develop features of hypogonadism, poor testicular development, and infertility after puberty. Infertility, hypogonadism, external genital development, and psychological distress are the major concerns during the management of the patients. Testosterone therapy for hypogonadism, artificial reproductive technologies for fertility, surgical repair of hypospadias/ cryptorchidism/under-virilized genitalia and psychological and genetic counseling are helpful for proper management of the patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"141-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aye Aye Aung, Sai Ni Soe Zin, Aung Ko Ko, Aung Cho Thet
{"title":"The Association between Betel Quid Chewing and Metabolic Syndrome Among Urban Adults in Mandalay District of Myanmar.","authors":"Aye Aye Aung, Sai Ni Soe Zin, Aung Ko Ko, Aung Cho Thet","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.06","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes increase worldwide, the need to identify modifiable lifestyle risk factors also increases, especially those that may be relatively unique to a specific population. To explore a possible association between betel quid chewing and metabolic syndrome, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Three hundred ninety-one (391) adults were interviewed and the following parameters were measured: triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, glucose, waist circumference, body mass index and blood pressure. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between betel quid chewing and metabolic syndrome while controlling for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was similar in chewers and non-chewers, 50% and 49%, respectively. After controlling for other factors, development of metabolic syndrome was positively associated with number of betel quids chewed per day, age greater than 40 years, and a positive family history of hypertension and diabetes. Regarding the duration of betel chewing, when analyzed by sex, the risk was doubled in men compared to non-chewers (OR 2.15; 95% CI = 1.21, 3.84). As a result, a man chewing more than 10 pieces (OR 2.49; 95% CI = 1.36, 4.57) of betel quids per day for more than 10 years had a two-fold increased chance of developing the metabolic syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frequency and duration of betel quid chewing may represent a behavioral lifestyle target for approaches to reduce the incidence of metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Swyer Syndrome Presenting as Dysgerminoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Silima Subhasnigdha Tarenia, Sujaya Chattopadhyay, Niladri Das, Deep Hathi, Arjun Baidya, Puranjoy Chakrabarty, Nilanjan Sengupta, Soumik Goswami","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complete gonadal dysgenesis with 46,XY karyotype is a clinical condition characterized by the absence of testicular tissue but with the presence of typical Müllerian structures in a phenotypically female individual. The condition presents as primary amenorrhoea or delayed puberty. Eventually, malignant neoplasms may arise. We report a case of a 16-year-old Indian male with Swyer syndrome presenting with primary amenorrhoea and with an earlier diagnosis of a malignant dysgerminoma in the right ovary.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"108-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/df/51/JAFES-38-1-108.PMC10213384.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9596211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margarita Katrina Amor Tan, Rebecca Lim Alba, Kingbherly Li
{"title":"Association of Vitamin D levels on the Clinical Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 in a Tertiary Hospital.","authors":"Margarita Katrina Amor Tan, Rebecca Lim Alba, Kingbherly Li","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the severity of COVID-19, inflammatory parameters and clinical outcomes among patients with normal and subnormal levels of Vitamin D.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a retrospective cohort study of 135 patients admitted in a tertiary hospital for COVID-19. Patients were grouped according to their Vitamin D level. Primary outcome measure was the composite of all-cause mortality and morbidity. Other outcome measures determined were the comparison among the groups on the severity of COVID-19 infection, changes in inflammatory parameters, length of hospital stay and duration of respiratory support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant trend of higher ICU admission (<i>p</i>=0.024), mortality (<i>p</i>=0.006) and poor clinical outcome (<i>p</i>=0.009) among the Vitamin D deficient group. No significant difference was found for most of the inflammatory parameters, duration of hospital stay and respiratory support. Overall, patients with deficient, but not insufficient Vitamin D level had 6 times higher odds of composite poor outcome than those with normal Vitamin D (crude OR=5.18, <i>p</i>=0.003; adjusted OR=6.3, <i>p</i>=0.043).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The inverse relationship between Vitamin D level and poor composite outcome observed in our study suggests that low Vitamin D may be a risk factor for poor prognosis among patients admitted for COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"81-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7b/a9/JAFES-38-1-81.PMC10213170.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9596213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}