Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting Data System: A Single-center Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Pamela Ann Aribon, Emmylou Teope, Anna Lyn Egwolf, Maria Patricia Maningat","doi":"10.15605/jafes.039.01.08","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.039.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting Data System (ACR TI-RADS) in identifying nodules that need to undergo fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and identify specific thyroid ultrasound characteristics of nodules associated with thyroid malignancy in Filipinos in a single tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>One hundred seventy-six thyroid nodules from 130 patients who underwent FNAB from January 2018 to December 2018 were included. The sonographic features were described and scored using the ACR TI-RADS risk classification system, and the score was correlated to their final cytopathology results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The calculated malignancy rates for TI-RADS 2 to TI-RADS 5 were 0%, 3.13%, 7.14%, and 38.23%, respectively, which were within the TI-RADS risk stratification thresholds. The ACR TI-RADS had a sensitivity of 89.5% and specificity of 54%, LR + of 1.95 and LR - of 0.194, NPV of 97.7%, PPV of 19.1%, and accuracy of 58%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ACR TI-RADS may provide an effective malignancy risk stratification for thyroid nodules and may help guide the decision for FNAB among Filipino patients. The classification system may decrease the number of unnecessary FNABs for nodules with low-risk scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"39 1","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11166092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Windswept Deformity: A Rare Skeletal Manifestation in an Adolescent with Primary Hyperparathyroidism.","authors":"Pankaj Ferwani, Bhushan Jajoo, Sandeep Shrivastava","doi":"10.15605/jafes.039.02.10","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.039.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in adolescents is rare and has severe manifestations as compared to adults. Skeletal involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism in the form of deformities like genu valgus, genu varus and cubitus varus is rare and limited to case reports and case series. There is only one case of genu varus with genu valgus on the contralateral extremity (windswept deformity) that has been reported to date in the literature. We report the case of a 19-year-old male who presented with isolated progressive bending of his legs at the knee (windswept deformity) for three years. He was found to have hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, high alkaline phosphatase, high intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), normal 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and a normal kidney function test. A diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was made. On imaging studies, a left inferior parathyroid adenoma was localized and was successfully removed surgically. Serum calcium and iPTH normalized post-operatively. The patient is being planned for corrective osteotomy after stabilization of alkaline phosphatase levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"39 2","pages":"86-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11604362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity Awareness and Its Relationship to Sociodemographic Characteristics of Filipino Adults: A Survey Among Work-From-Home Employees in Metro Cebu, Philippines.","authors":"Jan Louie Gatillo,&nbsp;Ariane Corpuz,&nbsp;Theresa Leyco,&nbsp;Alexphil Ponce","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Awareness and substantial understanding of obesity are essential components in its prevention and treatment. This study aimed to determine the degree of obesity awareness and its relationship to various sociodemographic characteristics among Filipino adults working from home (WFH).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a cross-sectional survey conducted in Metro Cebu, Philippines. Included were non-healthcare WFH professionals aged 18-64. Researcher-made Obesity Awareness Questionnaire (OAC-20) was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 458 employees participated in the study; mean age was 30.33 years (SD=6.96), mostly female (71.40%) and majority single (77.07%). The mean obesity awareness score was 79.18% (SD=9.02). Age (<i>p</i>=0.198), BMI (<i>p</i>=0.397), work hours/day (<i>p</i>=0.101), and hours of physical activity/day (<i>p</i>=0.458) were not associated with obesity awareness. Similarly, male vs. female (<i>p</i>=0.515), and single vs. married respondents (<i>p</i>=0.629) did not differ significantly in terms of average scores. However, higher educational attainment (<i>p</i>=0.044) and higher socio-economic status (<i>p</i>=0.002) were significantly associated with higher obesity awareness scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The surveyed WFH adults were aware of the majority of the important concepts on obesity. Educational attainment and socio-economic status were significant determinants of obesity awareness.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ef/d0/JAFES-38-1-29.PMC10213160.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9589875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Plasma Selenoprotein P Levels in Regularly Exercising Young Adults.","authors":"Swe Mar Oo,&nbsp;Min Thar Htut,&nbsp;Ye Win Htun,&nbsp;Aye Aye Mon,&nbsp;May Pyone Kyaw","doi":"10.15605/jafes.037.S4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.037.S4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Physical exercise can provide many health benefits in humans. Exercise-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and its downstream signaling cascades are reported to induce mitochondrial biogenesis in exercising tissues. Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is the antioxidant hepatokine whose hypersecretion is associated with various metabolic diseases. It was reported to impair exercise-induced reactive oxygen species signaling and inhibit subsequent mitochondrial biogenesis in mice. However, the relationship between selenoprotein P and mitochondrial dynamics in humans has not yet been reported. While reduction of plasma selenoprotein P becomes an attractive therapeutic target for metabolic diseases, the role of regular exercise in this regard is still unknown. This study aimed to analyze the influence of regular habitual exercise on plasma selenoprotein P levels and its association with leucocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number in healthy young adults.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Plasma selenoprotein P levels and leucocyte mitochondrial DNA copy numbers were compared in 44 regularly exercising subjects and 44 non-exercising controls, and the correlation between the two parameters was analyzed. Plasma selenoprotein P levels were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, and leucocyte mitochondrial DNA copy numbers were measured using the qPCR method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The regular-exercise group had lower plasma selenoprotein P levels with higher leucocyte mitochondrial DNA copy numbers than the non-exercise group. There was a tendency of negative correlation between the two variables in our studied population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regular habitual exercise has a beneficial effect on reducing plasma selenoprotein P levels while raising mitochondrial DNA copy numbers.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/22/JAFES-38-S1-6.PMC10207870.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9598992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activity in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Noncritically Ill Hospitalized Patients.","authors":"Hurjahan Banu, Nusrat Sultana, Morshed Md Shahed, M A Hasanat, Ahmed Abu Saleh, Shohael Mahmud Arafat","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.04","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study determined the baseline hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormonal levels and their associated factors in noncritically ill hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out in 91 noncritical RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients (aged 18 to 65 years) recruited consecutively from the COVID unit of two tertiary care hospitals over a period of six months. After the screening, relevant history and physical examinations were done, and blood was drawn between 07:00 am to 09:00 am in a fasting state to measure serum cortisol and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 91 patients, 54, 26, and 11 had mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19, respectively. Median values of serum cortisol (<i>p</i> = 0.057) and plasma ACTH (<i>p</i> = 0.910) were statistically similar among the severity groups. Considering a cortisol cut-off of 276 nmol/L (<10 μg/dL), the highest percent of adrenal insufficiency was present in severe (27.3%), followed by mild (25.9%) and least in the moderate (3.8%) COVID-19 cases. Using the cortisol/ACTH ratio >15, only 6.6% had enough reserve.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The adrenocortical response was compromised in a significant percentage of noncritically ill hospitalized patients with COVID-19, with the highest percentage of adrenal insufficiency present in severely infected cases. The HPA axis parameters of serum cortisol, plasma ACTH and cortisol/ACTH were similar across the severity of noncritical patients with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severity and Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Vietnam.","authors":"Kien Tran Nguyen, Hoa Phuong Nguyen, Kris Van den Broeck, Johan Wens","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.12","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes and psychiatric disorders often co-occur. The prevalence of depression in a person with diabetes is two times higher than that of the general population. During the last decade, the prevalence of diabetes in Vietnam has nearly doubled. However, there is little data regarding depressive symptoms among people with diabetes. Therefore, this study aims to explore the level of depressive symptoms and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hanoi, Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 519 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at the Agricultural General Hospital, one of the largest primary care hospitals for diabetes in Hanoi, Vietnam. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. Multivariate Tobit and logistic regression models were applied to examine factors associated with the severity of depressive symptoms and medication adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 45.2% of participants were identified as having depressive symptoms at different levels. The proportion of patients with mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depressive symptoms is 36.0%, 7.6%, 1.4%, and 0.2% respectively. Regarding the treatment process, patients being treated for their diabetes for a longer time were more likely to have depressive symptoms. Depression was positively linked to currently drinking alcohol (Coef = 1.04; 95% CI = 0.30-1.78), having comorbidities (Coef = 1.08; 95% CI = 0.15; 2.01) and having irregular physical activities (Coef = -1.28; 95% CI = -2.18; -0.38). Patients with severe depressive symptoms (higher PHQ-9 score) were more likely to be non-adherent to their medications in the last month (AOR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.17; 1.46).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study shows that a high percentage of patients with diabetes have depressive symptoms. There is a strong association between having depressive symptoms and non-adherence to medications in the last month. To reduce the risk of developing depressive symptoms, depression should be screened at the initial treatment process and patients should be advised to avoid alcohol and to engage in physical activities regularly.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-sectional Study to Assess Beta-Cell Function in Individuals with Recently Diagnosed Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its' Complications.","authors":"Shamharini Nagaratnam, Subashini Rajoo, Mohamed Badrulnizam Long Bidin, Nur Shafini Che Rahim, Sangeetha Tharmathurai, Masita Arip, Yee Ming Ching, Siew Hui Foo","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.13","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary objective was to assess beta-cell function of recently-diagnosed young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals using basal and stimulated C-peptide levels. The secondary objective was to examine the association between C-peptide with metabolic factors and diabetes complications.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted for young-onset T2DM individuals aged 18-35 years with a disease duration of not more than 5 years. Plasma C-peptide was measured before and after intravenous glucagon injection. Demographic data, medical history and complications were obtained from medical records and clinical assessment. Continuous data were expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR). Categorical variables were described as frequency or percentage. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with C-peptide levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>113 participants with young-onset T2DM with a median (IQR) age of 29.0 (9.5) years and 24 (36) months were included in this study. The median (IQR) basal and stimulated C-peptide was 619 (655) pmol/L and 1231 (1024) pmol/L. Adequate beta-cell function was present in 78-86% of the participants based on the basal and stimulated C-peptide levels. We found hypertension, obesity and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) to be independently associated with higher C-peptide levels. In contrast, females, smokers, those on insulin therapy and with longer duration of disease had lower C-peptide levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most recently diagnosed young-onset T2DM have adequate beta-cell function. Elevated C-peptide levels associated with obesity, hypertension and diabetic kidney disease suggest insulin resistance as the key driving factor for complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laron Syndrome: A Tale of Two Siblings.","authors":"Niladri Das, Silima Subhasnigdha Tarenia, Souvik Saha, Prashant Manohar Gaikwad, Deep Kamlesh Hathi, Soumik Goswami, Arjun Baidya, Nilanjan Sengupta","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.22","DOIUrl":"10.15605/jafes.038.02.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary growth hormone (GH) resistance or growth hormone insensitivity syndrome, also called Laron syndrome, is a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the GH receptor or in the post-receptor signaling pathway. This disorder is characterized by postnatal growth failure resembling GH deficiency. Differentiating the two conditions is necessary. We present the cases of two siblings, a 16-year-old female and a 9-year-old male, born from a consanguineous union. Both had normal birth weights with subsequent severe short stature and delayed teeth eruption, with no features suggestive of any systemic illness. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) were both low. Suspecting GH deficiency, provocative testing with clonidine was done revealing peak growth hormone >40 ng/mL in both patients. In view of low IGF1 and IGFBP3 and high GH on stimulation, IGF1 generation test was done for both siblings, with values supporting the diagnosis of GH insensitivity or Laron syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 2","pages":"124-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10692433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Desmoid Fibromatosis of the Thyroid Gland: A Diagnostic Challenge.","authors":"Brijesh Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Sunil Chumber,&nbsp;Yashwant Singh Rathore,&nbsp;Shipra Agarwal,&nbsp;Sameer Rastogi,&nbsp;Vyas Surabhi","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 31-year-old Indian female with a history of near-total thyroidectomy 2.5 years prior presented with recurrent neck swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the neck revealed an infiltrating mass involving the thyroid bed. Biopsy from the mass and review of slides from the previous thyroidectomy revealed a spindle cell tumour with interspersed areas of fibrosis and infiltrative edges entrapping thyroid follicles. Beta-catenin immunopositivity and CTNNB1 mutation confirmed the diagnosis of fibromatosis. The case is being reported for its rarity and the discussion of its differential diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"120-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/98/bd/JAFES-38-1-120.PMC10213382.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9589865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turner Syndrome and Neurofibromatosis 1: Rare Co-Existence with Important Clinical Implications.","authors":"Sunetra Mondal,&nbsp;Neha Agrawal,&nbsp;Subhankar Chowdhury","doi":"10.15605/jafes.038.01.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.038.01.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 16.5-year-old Indian female presented with secondary amenorrhoea, cubitus valgus, scoliosis and multiple lentigines on the face. Karyotyping revealed mosaic Turner syndrome (TS) with 45, X/46, X iXq. She also had multiple café-au-lait macules and axillary freckles but no neurofibroma and did not fulfil the classic criteria for diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1). Many of her macules were smaller than 15 mm in diameter, which might be due to her hypoestrogenic state. However, exome-sequencing found a pathologic variant consistent with NF1. She was started on daily oral estrogen, and oral progesterone for 10 days every month with close monitoring for neurofibroma and/or glioma expansion. Co-occurrence of NF1 and TS is extremely rare, TS and NF1 can both affect growth and puberty, cause different cutaneous and skeletal deformities, hypertension, vasculopathy and learning disabilities. Our case highlights the need for genetic testing in some cases with NF1 who do not strictly fulfil the NIH diagnostic criteria. We also emphasize the need for close monitoring during therapy with growth hormone, estrogen and progesterone due to the potential risk of tumour expansion in NF1.</p>","PeriodicalId":41792,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"114-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/fc/JAFES-38-1-114.PMC10213385.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9589866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}