Ehtisham Umar , Fozia Shaheen , M. Waqas Iqbal , Mohammed T. Alotaibi , Amel Ayari-Akkari , Ali Akremi , Eman Kashita
{"title":"Plate-like NiCo2O4 integrated with g-C3N4 nanostructures for hybrid supercapacitors and green energy technologies","authors":"Ehtisham Umar , Fozia Shaheen , M. Waqas Iqbal , Mohammed T. Alotaibi , Amel Ayari-Akkari , Ali Akremi , Eman Kashita","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of nanostructured electrode materials for supercapacitors and green energy applications remains a challenging task, particularly in achieving maximum surface area for optimal electrode-electrolyte interaction. In this study, we synthesize interconnected nanostructured NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> using a cost-effective hydrothermal method. The NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite undergoes comprehensive characterization to analyze its structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties using various techniques. Electrodes fabricated from the NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> material exhibit a high specific capacity (Qs) of 203 C/g. Additionally, the as-fabricated asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) achieves a remarkable energy density (Ed) of 87.3 Wh/kg and a power density (Pd) of 1038 W/kg at 1.4 A/g, with superior cycling performance, retaining 95.04 % of its capacity after 10,000 cycles. Furthermore, we evaluate the modified NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> electrodes for their electrocatalytic performance in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The results indicate that the NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> electrode exhibits the best OER performance (overpotential (<em>η</em>) = 287 mV and Tafel slope = 121 mV/dec at 10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>) and demonstrates excellent HER activity (<em>η</em> = 336 mV and Tafel slope = 93 mV/dec at −10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>) with exceptional cyclic stability. This research highlights the potential of NiCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> as a promising material for supercapacitor and green energy technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 100546"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent advance in preparation, applications and color regulation mechanism of cobalt blue pigment","authors":"Hao Yang , Bin Mu , Anjie Zhang , Aiqin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cobalt blue (CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) pigment is a well-known high-end blue inorganic pigment with a spinel structure, and it is irreplaceable in the blue pigments either inorganic or organic ones due to its strong coloring performance, desirable blue chroma, and excellent chemical stability. Therefore, a series of strategies have been developed for the preparation of CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> pigment including common solid-phase method, liquid-phase and gas-phase technologies to meet the requirements of different application fields. However, the relevant applications of CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> pigment are restricted at a certain degree due to the high cost derived from the scarcity of cobalt sources as well as the aggregation of CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles during the high-temperature crystallization process. Interestingly, incorporation of stable inorganic substrates facilitates the decrease in the production cost and the control of the size and blue intensity of CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, especially incorporation of natural or waste nonmetallic mineral resources. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the recent advance in the synthesis, relevant applications and color regulation mechanism of CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> pigment combining with the literatures and our research achievements. It is mainly focused on the synthesis mechanism of different methods, and the relationships between the structures and the application performances, especially the structural composition and color performance of the designed CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/silicate hybrid pigments. Finally, several suggestions are proposed for the future development trend on CoAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> pigment and even other eco-friendly inorganic pigments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100535"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rare earth doped Zirconia: Structure, physicochemical properties and recent advancements in technological applications","authors":"S. Kalaivani, M. Ezhilan, M. Deepa, S. Kannan","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zirconia (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) based ceramics have been pivotal in the evolution of materials across various applications. Particularly, rare earth (RE) doped ZrO<sub>2</sub> is of greater interest due to its remarkable thermal stability, mechanical strength, and ionic conductivity, which are primarily influenced by its distinct solid state properties. This review aims to deliver a comprehensive analysis of the structural features induced by RE doping, with a particular emphasis on the phase transitions and stability of the various polymorphs of ZrO<sub>2</sub>. The relationship between the ionic size of RE, oxygen vacancies and microstructural behavior is explored in the context of lattice distortion and thermodynamic stabilization. The review highlights the critical role of doping strategies in the varying microstructure and enhancing the performance of ZrO<sub>2</sub> based materials. Emerging applications such as solid oxide fuel cells, thermal barrier coatings, bioceramics and optical devices necessitate a comprehensive understanding of fundamental solid state properties to ensure their effective operation. Additionally, future research directions are suggested to facilitate the development of next generation ZrO<sub>2</sub> based systems, with a focus on enhancing their structural and functional performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100524"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cation substitution enabled electron rearrangement in high-entropy perovskite oxides for enhanced supercapacitor performance","authors":"Xiaoying Hu, Bo Wang, Xiaotong Zhou, Junzhi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The controllable synthesis of high-entropy perovskite oxides and the modulation of their electronic structures are crucial for enhancing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. However, it remains challenging to regulate the electronic configuration of B-site elements via A-site doping. In this study, we have reconstructed the electron configuration of B-site elements in high-entropy perovskites through Sm doping, and obtained high-entropy perovskite oxides La<sub>1-x</sub>Sm<sub>x</sub> (Mn<sub>0·2</sub>Fe<sub>0·2</sub>Co<sub>0·2</sub>Ni<sub>0·2</sub>Cr<sub>0.2</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> (LaSmTMO<sub>3</sub>−x) with abundant valence states. The fabricated LaSmTMO<sub>3</sub>−0.2 exhibits high specific capacitance of 1367.3 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Besides, the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) based on LaSmTMO<sub>3</sub>−0.2 exhibits an impressive energy density of 41.2 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 400 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, with a specific capacity retention of 87.1 % after 10000 cycles. The experimental results demonstrate that superior supercapacitor performance can be attributed to electron rearrangement induced by Sm doping, leading to the formation of active metal species with multiple oxidation states. Simultaneously, Sm doping significantly improves structural integrity, electronic conductivity, and ion transfer kinetics. This work emphasizes the importance of A-site regulation of high entropy perovskite oxides for improving electrochemical performance and provides A new direction for the design of perovskite oxides in energy storage and conversion systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100536"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quaternary transition metal dichalcogenides (M1-xNxX2(1-y)Y2y) for hydrogen evolution: A review on atomic structure, 3D engineering, and electrocatalytic performance","authors":"Rohit Kumar , Rajni Thakur , Sahil Kumar , Shwetharani R , Bhari Mallana Nagaraja , Sunil Mehla , Itika Kainthla","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen is a clean, efficient, and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, placing it at the forefront of our energy future. Water electrolysis is more sustainable and eco-friendlier alternative to fossil fuel-based hydrogen production processes. The earth abundance, low cost, high electrocatalytic activities, and stabilities of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) set them apart as exceptional electrocatalysts for hydrogen production. Quaternary TMDs have a general formula of M<sub>1-x</sub>N<sub>x</sub>X<sub>2(1-y)</sub>Y<sub>2y</sub>, where M and N are transition metals and X and Y are chalcogens. Thus, quaternary TMDs are versatile nanomaterials that exhibit tremendous potential for fine-tuning and optimizing their electrocatalytic performance through composition modulation, as shown by both theoretical and experimental studies. Additionally, additive manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing are emerging as powerful tools for fabricating structurally complex, compositionally tunable TMD-based electrodes with enhanced HER performance. The integration of 3D printing with advanced TMD synthesis methods enables the design of customized electrocatalysts, offering improved charge transport and catalytic activity for sustainable hydrogen production. To delve deeper into the composition-structure-activity relationships that govern the hydrogen evolution performance of quaternary TMDs, this review encapsulates a comprehensive account of the synthesis methods, atomic and electronic structures, properties, and electrocatalytic performance of quaternary TMDs. Furthermore, the unique challenges in using quaternary TMD electrocatalysts and the authors' perspective on their future potential in hydrogen production are elaborated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100532"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Boosting photoluminescence of Ba5P6O20:Dy3+ phosphor through facile alkali charge compensation","authors":"Yiting Huang , Xiaoyang Zhao , Zibo Huang , Jingkai Quan , Youwen Tang , Chenyang Jia , Jianguo Jia , Jintao Xie , Yanqiong Shen , Jing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trivalent dysprosium (Dy<sup>3+</sup>)-activated inorganic phosphors have become fascinating due to tunable yellow/white light emission. Nevertheless, the challenge for solid-state lighting utilization is achieving highly luminous efficiency and thermostability of Dy<sup>3+</sup>. In this study, a new Ba<sub>5</sub>P<sub>6</sub>O<sub>20</sub> (BPO) phosphor is developed via replacing Ba<sup>2+</sup> with Dy<sup>3+</sup>. The luminescence behaviors in response to the occupancy sites and content of Dy<sup>3+</sup> activators are thoroughly investigated. Subsequently, to enhance comprehensive luminescence performances, alkali metal ions are co-doped based on charge compensation strategy. Especially, the K<sup>+</sup> compensation can induce that the luminous efficiency and intensity are increased by around 4 and 2 times, separately. Meanwhile, the high thermal quenching resistance and chromaticity shifting resistance for Dy<sup>3+</sup> emissions are achieved. Finally, the optimized BPO:5%Dy<sup>3+</sup>,5%K<sup>+</sup> sample is employed to obtain a satisfactory solid-state white lighting source.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 100517"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiwei Wang , Yinan Shen , Liangsheng Tian , Suwit Suthirakun , Wongsathorn Kaewraung , Qi Menghang , Hang Zhao , Xin Xin , Ruoxiu Xiao , Peng Jiang , Qu Li , Tingting Lu
{"title":"Study on novel blue-purple high-NIR reflectance pigments and acrylic coatings based on Ca2Zn1-xMxSi2O7 (M = Mn and Ni)","authors":"Zhiwei Wang , Yinan Shen , Liangsheng Tian , Suwit Suthirakun , Wongsathorn Kaewraung , Qi Menghang , Hang Zhao , Xin Xin , Ruoxiu Xiao , Peng Jiang , Qu Li , Tingting Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coating optimized with high near-infrared reflectance pigments can effectively reduce the energy consumption for heating and cooling in buildings, thereby alleviating the pressure on global energy consumption. Using a high-temperature solid-state method, blue-violet pigments with high near-infrared reflectance, Ca<sub>2</sub>Zn<sub>1-<em>x</em></sub>M<sub><em>x</em></sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (M = Mn, 0 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 0.4 and Ni, 0 ≤ <em>x</em> ≤ 0.2) solid solutions, were synthesized for the first time, with a maximum solar reflectance of 82.67%. Using XPS analysis, it was determined that the oxidation state of Ni in the pigment is +2, while Mn exists in mixed oxidation states of +2 and +3. UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy analysis indicates that the blue-violet color of the pigment originates from the <em>d-d</em> transitions of the transition metal ions. As the doping concentration increases, the near-infrared reflectance of the pigment decreases. The DFT calculations have also confirmed that the color of pigments originates from transition metal ions. The as-synthesized pigments were incorporated into acrylic to create colored coatings. Improving the near-infrared solar reflectance of the acrylic coating. The excellent high near-infrared solar reflectance and coating property optimization make the synthesized pigment a potential energy-saving coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iftikhar Hussain , Karanpal Singh , Avinash C. Mendhe , Mohammad R. Thalji , Soumen Mandal , Ijaz Ali , Ahmed F.M. EL-Mahdy , P. Rosaiah , Muhammad Kashif Aslam , Tensangmu Lama Tamang , Kaili Zhang
{"title":"Integration of non-Ti3C2 MXene with carbon-based materials for energy storage devices: Recent advancements and future aspects","authors":"Iftikhar Hussain , Karanpal Singh , Avinash C. Mendhe , Mohammad R. Thalji , Soumen Mandal , Ijaz Ali , Ahmed F.M. EL-Mahdy , P. Rosaiah , Muhammad Kashif Aslam , Tensangmu Lama Tamang , Kaili Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MXenes find practical use in electrochemical systems, particularly in energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries. Notably, Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> MXene has been extensively studied, but also non-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> MXene materials have shown promising properties in energy storage applications. Non-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> MXenes, when combined with carbonaceous materials like activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc. exhibit superior specific capacitance, excellent rate capability, and higher electrical conductivity, making them attractive for supercapacitors and batteries. Herein, the incorporation of non-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> MXenes with various carbon materials in energy storage systems has been discussed, showing potential for enhancing the overall electrochemical performance. Strategies to enhance the interaction between non-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> MXenes and carbon materials have been summarized to tackle challenges and capitalize on opportunities for more efficient and sustainable energy storage technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 100523"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liping Du, Aishu Li, Song Hu, Sheng Su, Yi Wang, Long Jiang, Jun Xu, Kai Xu, Jun Xiang
{"title":"Atomically dispersed Pt and Pt clusters on CeO2 supports for H2 production via low-temperature water-gas shift reaction","authors":"Liping Du, Aishu Li, Song Hu, Sheng Su, Yi Wang, Long Jiang, Jun Xu, Kai Xu, Jun Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water-gas shift (WGS) reaction plays a crucial role in the steam reforming of carbon-based fuels for hydrogen production. Pt-CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts have attracted significant attention due to their excellent low-temperature activity, and optimizing the catalytic system performance is essential for reducing energy consumption. In this study, we investigated the impact of metal dispersion differences on the catalytic activity of CeO<sub>2</sub>-supported clusters and atomically dispersed Pt catalysts from the perspectives of oxygen vacancies and metal-support interactions. The results indicated that the adsorption capacity of CO on the catalyst surface was significantly influenced by the oxidation state and aggregation of Pt, with atomically dispersed Pt<sup>0</sup> exhibiting a stronger affinity for CO. The metal-support interaction was evident in the formation of Pt-O-Ce composite bonds resulting from the incorporation of Pt ions into the CeO<sub>2</sub> lattice, which enhanced Pt accessibility on the CeO<sub>2</sub> surface. All samples demonstrated outstanding catalytic performance, achieving CO conversion exceeding 70 % and H<sub>2</sub> yield surpassing 150 mL g<sup>−1</sup> at low temperatures. The IMP-Pt characterized by an elevated oxygen vacancy concentrations (OVC) of 3.99 × 10<sup>21</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>, arising from partially reduced Ce<sup>3+</sup> in unsaturated coordination states, exhibited a ∼10 % decline in CO conversion and a ∼20 °C increase in T<sub>50</sub>. Undercoordinated Pt clusters led to strong CO binding and high CO vibration frequencies, while the presence of Pt<sup>δ+</sup> weakened CO adsorption but promoted carbonation reactions. The superior lattice oxygen mobility and dynamic oxygen storage capacity of atomically dispersed Pt-CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts resulted in faster calculated reaction rates on exposed Pt atoms and higher turnover frequencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond graphene basics: A holistic review of electronic structure, synthesis strategies, properties, and graphene-based electrode materials for supercapacitor applications","authors":"Sachin Kumar Yadav, Anil Kumar, Neeraj Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.progsolidstchem.2025.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review presents a comprehensive analysis of graphene-based electrode materials for supercapacitor application, focusing on electronic structure, synthesis strategies, and key attributes. The remarkable 2D-structure of graphene, characterized by sp<sup>2</sup> hybridized carbon atoms, confers exceptional electronic mobility (100000 cm<sup>2</sup>V<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>), large specific surface area (2600 m<sup>2</sup>g<sup>-1</sup>), and mechanical flexibility (2.4 ± 0.4 TPa), making it an ideal contender for next-generation energy storage devices. We have discussed various synthesis strategies, including CVD, mechanical exfoliation, and chemical reduction, emphasizing their impact on the electrochemical performance of graphene electrodes. The integration of graphene with other nanomaterials, such as metal oxides, TMDs, conducting polymers, and MXenes, is explored to enhance the specific capacitance, cycle stability, and energy density of supercapacitor electrode materials. This review also covers the tunable electronic properties of graphene, addressing charge transport, ion diffusion, and electrochemical performance, which are critical for efficient supercapacitor design. Graphene-based electrodes' flexibility and mechanical stability are examined, highlighting their role in wearable and portable electronic applications. Challenges such as large-scale production, electrode degradation, and cost-effectiveness are also discussed, offering potential solutions through innovative synthesis routes and composite material design. This review provides a holistic perspective on the current advancement of graphene-based electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":415,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Solid State Chemistry","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}