SRPN: Poverty (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"When Being Connected is Not Enough. An Analysis of the Second and Third Levels of the Digital Divide in a Developing Country","authors":"Erezi Ogbo, T. Brown, J. Gant, D. Sicker","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3749699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3749699","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet has been identified as a tool to overcome poverty; by improving communication, facilitating innovation, and driving economic growth. However, as seen in studies on the benefits of Internet adoption and use, the welfare effect of technology is not only based on its adoption, but also on the type of use. In this study, drawing on the Uses and Gratifications Theory, we identified distinct classifications and predictors of Internet activities (second-level digital divide) and Internet outcomes (third-level digital divide) relevant to Sub-Saharan Africa. Gender, age, and educational level are key predictors of the second-level digital divide, while educational level and Internet use patterns affect the third-level digital divide.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"13 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120839868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial Inclusion and Energy Poverty: Empirical Evidence from Ghana","authors":"Isaac Koomson, Michael Danquah","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3759480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3759480","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With myriads of policy options being considered to alleviate energy poverty, the financial inclusion-energy poverty nexus has received little attention despite its potential. Using two rounds of living standards survey data from Ghana, this study examines the effect of financial inclusion on energy poverty using multidimensional measures. Endogeneity associated with financial inclusion is instrumented using distance to the nearest bank. We found that the share of energy poor households in Ghana reduced slightly from about 81% to 80% between 2012/13 and 2016/17. Our estimates show that a standard deviation increase in financial inclusion is associated with a decrease in household energy poverty between 1.380 and 1.556 standard deviations. This outcome is consistent across different quasi-experimental methods. The results show more consistency for rural and male-headed households. Improvement in financial inclusion is likely to result in the biggest reduction in energy poverty for those in the employee category. We identify consumption poverty and household net income as potential channels through which financial inclusion influences energy poverty.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121445747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Pace More Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia by the Vehicle of Developmental State Orientation?","authors":"Habtamu Atilaw, Yayew Genet","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3662571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3662571","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia is a country that has suffered for long with deep and severe poverty mainly resulted from lack of pro-poor development policy. Since 2002, the Ethiopian Government has adopted state-led development and thus contributed to manage a sustained average economic growth of a double digit. This achievement was done much work in areas of entrepreneurship and micro-small enterprises are, however, needed to pace more economic growth and poverty reduction. Moreover, changing sectoral focus industrialization and foreign direct investment that endure mutual benefit are crucial to achieve by and large the desired result. <br>","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123343798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Achieve 'Sustainable Growth' for Rural India","authors":"Abhay Kumar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3529029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3529029","url":null,"abstract":"Non-inclusive growth, faulty implementation and limited reach of various welfare schemes, lack of proper monitoring system at ground level, absence of functioning social infrastructure, low penetration of institutionalized credit, peculiarities of rural set-up are the reasons for less than optimal growth in the rural sector. While rural India presents immense growth potential, challenges in the agriculture sector drag it down; from structural and market deficiencies to issues of the water crisis, the Indian agriculture sector is faced with challenges that put a question mark on the sustainability of the current farm practices.<br><br>This paper analyses the challenges in the rural sector to find ways and means for a long term sustainable growth to achieve goals in poverty reduction and human development index.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122529390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic Dividend and Youth Unemployment: Evidence from the Southern States of India","authors":"K. R. Kumar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3515802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3515802","url":null,"abstract":"The expansion of employment and reduction of unemployment that ensures adequate livelihood security and decent conditions of work ought to be the bottom line in the pursuit of economic development in a country like India. Today, the Indian economy has been experiencing demographic transition and it is gaining economically from the changing age structure. Among the age structure, the age from 15 to 29 is an important human resource for the economic development of any other nation. Current predictions suggest a steady increase in the youth population to 464 million by 2021 and finally a decline to 458 million by 2026. By 2020, India is set to become the world’s youngest country with 64 percent of its population in the working-age group. The youth population comprises 35 percent of the urban population and 32 percent of the rural population, at the same time they are facing development challenges like unemployment, poverty, inequality, and discrimination, etc., these issues are affecting the lives of billions of youth population. According to 2011 Census 84.5 million young people in India live below the poverty line, which is the highest rate worldwide, (44.2 percent of the total youth population) at the same time there is 44 million Indian youth who are undernourished, which constitutes 23 percent of the youth population in India. The work participation rate among young people has been declining from 55.5 percent in 1983 to 46.0 percent in 2004-2005. According to the OECD Economic Survey India, 2017 reported that Over 30% of youth aged 15-29 in India are not in employment, education or training. This is more than double the OECD average and almost three times that of China. In this context, this paper examines the Demographic dividend, Youth Employment, and Unemployment: Evidence from the Southern States of India from 1981 to 2011. The study is carried out with two specific objectives: (1) to understand the level and trends of employment and unemployment among youth in India and selected states and (2) to comprehend the relation of youth employment and unemployment with population structure and economic development in India and selected states. The present paper is based on various Census of India reports from 1981 to 2011, National Sample Survey rounds on Employment and Unemployment and secondary sources from RBI and National Commission of Population Projection on India and States from 2001 to 2026 by the Registrar General of India.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128895468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial Inclusion and Achievements of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in ASEAN","authors":"A. Ma’ruf, Febriyana Aryani","doi":"10.35609/jber.2019.4.4(1)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35609/jber.2019.4.4(1)","url":null,"abstract":"Objective - Financial Inclusion is an essential agenda at the ASEAN level. Increasing financial inclusion aims to develop the economic capacity of the population to reduce poverty and encourage income distribution. This study aims to analyze the relationship of financial inclusion to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the aspect of poverty alleviation in ASEAN.Methodology/Technique - This study uses a quantitative approach. The data used is secondary data in the period between 2010 and 2018. Data processing uses multiple regression. The financial inclusion dimensions analyzed are the socioeconomic dimension and the infrastructure dimension.Findings - Financial Inclusion has a negative and significant relationship with the achievement of sustainable development goals (SGDs) in the aspect of poverty alleviation in ASEAN.Novelty - The statement that the development of countries in ASEAN to realize SDGs on poverty eradication becomes very important. This study is essential for policymakers regarding poverty alleviation and financial inclusion development. This study contributes to the financial inclusion literature in ASEAN with an emphasis on the socioeconomic dimension.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124447155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generosity and Wealth: Experimental Evidence from Bogotá Stratification","authors":"Mariana Blanco, P. Dalton","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3481022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3481022","url":null,"abstract":"This paper combines laboratory experiments with a unique feature of the city of Bogota to uncover the relationship between generosity and wealth. Bogota is divided by law into six socio-economic strata which are close proxies of household wealth and income. We recruit subjects from different strata and run a series of double-blind dictator games where the recipient is the NGO Techo-Colombia, which builds transitional housing for homeless families. We identify the stratum of each subject anonymously and blindly, and match their donations with their stratum. In a first experiment we provide a fixed endowment to all participants and nd that donations are significantly increasing with wealth. However, in a second experiment, we show that this is not because the rich are intrinsically more generous, but because the experimental endowment has lower real value for them. With endowments that are equivalent to their daily expenditures, the rich, the middle-class and the poor give a similar proportion of their stratum-equivalent endowment. Moreover, we find that the motivation to donate is similar across strata, where the generosity act is explained mainly by warm-glow rather than pure altruism.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115472002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Composition of Children and Sanitation Behavior in India","authors":"Deepak Saraswat","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3020233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3020233","url":null,"abstract":"Open Defecation has been linked to various public health issues and has gained significant policy attention. Investing in adoption of better sanitation has also been advocated on the grounds of providing women with privacy and protection from po-tential harassment. Nonetheless, previous research has shown that due to son-biased preferences, households in India under-invest in outcomes for their female children. I use the gender of the first-born child as an indicator of the presence of adult female children in households and find that, in certain cases, households reduce open defeca-tion if the first-born child is a girl. The findings in this paper provide a new first stage association between gender composition of children and sanitation behavior and also contribute to the economic literature on decision making in households belonging to developing countries.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128501310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propoor Projects: An Alternative to Sustainable Development in Nigeria","authors":"Musa Hyelladzira Wakawa","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3157103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3157103","url":null,"abstract":"This paper encapsulated the concept and scope of propoor projects, Nigerian perspectives of propoor projects, impacts of propoor projects, Conclusion and Recommendations. The paper is a product of a survey study conducted via the Social Media where questions were administered and a robust 300 responses trooped in with opinions within 2 days from people across the Country. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution of tables where percentages were equally given to responses by which degree of significance were determined and results were presented on histogram and pie chart respectively. Considering the objectives and essence of propoor projects the study revealed that there are no proper propoor projects in Nigeria but pro-rich projects. This further explains that most of the projects by the government are on pen and papers targeting the poor but at the end were delivered only to the rich and the elites. It revealed that this is one of the major problems and challenges impeding rapid and sustainable Development of the Country. It is recommended that government and our leaders should reorient and reconceptualized the essence of propoor projects, ensure all propoor projects are delivered to the targeted population, developmental programmes should be extended to rural areas and evenly distributed, education and public goods should be made accessible and affordable to the bottom poor of the society so that the Country can experience a rapid and sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123788712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-Movement Partnership in Uganda: Co-Producing an Enabling Environment for Urban Poverty Reduction?","authors":"Sophie King, P. Kasaija","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3141339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3141339","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing body of knowledge is emerging about the ways in which the coproduction of basic services can open up space for inclusive development and enhance state effectiveness in the global South. Limited evidence exists, however, about the particular forms of political relationship and programmes that are most likely to generate pro-poor outcomes and more enabling conditions for inclusive urban development. Through the lens of 12 months’ qualitative research into the Transforming Settlements of the Urban Poor in Uganda (TSUPU) programme, this paper examines what has shaped state vision, commitment and capacity for the coproduction of urban poverty reduction in a low-income and neo-patrimonial regime. The discussion concludes that TSUPU (and successor programme partnerships) represents a pocket of effectiveness which has opened up spaces of political opportunity for moving towards more inclusive urban development planning and service delivery approaches. The constraints on this political opportunity being exploited to its full potential are significant and will require substantial regulatory and institutional change, in addition to sustained investment in movement building, to contribute to reducing urban poverty at scale.","PeriodicalId":415707,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Poverty (Topic)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114508828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}