{"title":"Genealogies of Orientalism and Occidentalism: Sephardi Jews, Muslims, and the Americas","authors":"Ella Shohat, R. Stam","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Tracing Orientalism back to the two 1492s—of Iberia and of the Americas—the authors examine Latin America’s ambivalence toward its Moorish-Sephardic heritage. Once belonging to a shared cultural landscape, Muslims and Jews were later seen by Ibero-American authorities as alien excrescences to be symbolically excised from a putatively pure body politic. Modernization came to be synonymous with Occidentalization. Using Gilberto Freyre’s work as a case study, the authors highlight his tracing of both patriarchal authoritarianism and sexual-racial flexibility in relation to Brazil’s Moorish lineage, as well as his recuperation of the Sephardi for the national formation of Brazil’s economy, science, and culture. Freyre’s revisionist project with regards to the Sephardi and the Moor, which offers a Luso-Brazilian apologia of miscegenation, must be understood in light of the omission of the enslaved African-Muslims from official history. The authors outline the “anxious affections” that the Janus-faced figure of the Moor/Sephardi has provoked in the Americas, thus disturbing facile analytical dichotomies of East/West and North/South.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"35 1","pages":"13 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"After the Revolution to the War on Terror: Iranian Jewish American Literature in the United States","authors":"Leah Mirakhor","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0052","url":null,"abstract":"The essay examines the sometimes synchronistic relationships in Iranian Jewish American literature between reading practices, aesthetics, and politics from the Iran hostage crisis to the War on Terror. As such, Mirakhor describes key features of this canon (its articulations of an imaginary homeland, struggles with assimilation, and belonging neither here nor there as Iranian Jews), as well as its relationship to the larger canons of Middle Eastern/Arab diasporic literatures and American literatures. Examining the works of writers such as Gina Nahai and Roya Hakakian, as well as the Bravo TV series The Shahs of Sunset, Mirakhor critiques the political and ideological dangers of neo-Orientalist and neoliberal rhetorical practices, as well as revealing some of the untethered possibilities in creating more multifaceted, nuanced articulations of “Iranian” and “Jewish” in the United States in the twenty-first century.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"35 1","pages":"52 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Black Panther Palestine","authors":"Alex Lubin","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0077","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the 1970s Arab (Mizrahi) Jews built a social movement within Israel to confront their racial exclusion from the promises of Israeli citizenship. The movement crystalized in the formation of the Israeli Black Panther Party, a group that formed solidarity with the U.S. Black Panther Party as well as with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). In this essay I examine the history of the Israeli Black Panthers and identify the global conjunctures that enabled the movement. Of particular focus is the solidarity formed between the U.S. Black freedom movement and the PLO’s “global offensive.” In addition to describing the linked movements of the Black Panthers and s consider what this example of internationalism reveals about the possibilities of Diasporic Jewish identities and politics.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"35 1","pages":"77 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2016-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.35.1.0077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“The World Awaits Your Yiddish Word”: Jacob Glatstein and the Problem of World Literature","authors":"S. Zaritt","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0175","url":null,"abstract":"When thinking about the relationships between modern Jewish writers and world literature, it may seem odd to begin with Jacob Glatstein, a seemingly marginalized Yiddish writer unknown to world audiences. However, if contemporary scholarship of both world literature and Jewish literatures is to move beyond the binaries of a center-margin model, the figure of Glatstein can offer a way to think through the contingencies of global literary production. In 1930s America, writers were increasingly compelled to confront the multiple world contexts inherent in the very act of writing, regardless of language or size of audience. As such, Glatstein could not help but be a world-writer, even if such a designation was self-imposed and uncertain. Through his poetry, fiction, and criticism of the period, Glatstein rejected the expected routes to world literature and considered translation a problem, a marker of a gap between a personal language of experience and a perpetually deferred world language. However, in facing the problem of world literature for Jewish writing, Glatstein did not retreat to a politics of marginality or compromise. Instead, Glatstein’s reaction was both utopian and reclusive, proposing a form of writing that encountered the world while simultaneously fleeing from it.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"7 1","pages":"175 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laura Z. Hobson and the Making of Gentleman’s Agreement","authors":"R. Gordan","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0231","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars of postwar American Jewish history have traditionally focused on highbrow texts in charting the shifting ways that “Jews,” as a category, has been defined and characterized. Including postwar middlebrow publications in our analysis offers a more comprehensive picture of the changing discursive representation of Jews during the twentieth century. Despite the fact that Gentleman’s Agreement rarely receives more than a line or two of mention in scholarly accounts of postwar Jews, it is a text that ably demonstrates the power that popular novels wield in shaping cultural sensibilities. Hobson was not the only 1940s novelist to publish an anti-Semitism themed novel, and her connection to a larger body of such literature contributes to the value of Gentleman’s Agreement. The novel’s best-selling status (and its adaptation into an Academy Award-winning film) is what makes it exceptional among this genre. The making of Gentleman’s Agreement, with all of the debate and opposition it aroused, indicated tectonic shifts within publishing circles and the wider American culture about how to treat the topic of Jews and anti-Semitism.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"40 1","pages":"231 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“What about a Teakettle?”: Anxiety, Mourning, and Burial in Jonathan Safran Foer’s Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close","authors":"V. Bryan","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0274","url":null,"abstract":"The roles of mourning and melancholia in Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, and the connections that exist between Oskar Schell’s initial emotional inertia after the 9/11 attacks and his anxious personality, dominate the current critical conversation surrounding this character. This article, however, seeks to expand this critical conversation by paying due attention to the importance of Oskar’s decision to dig up his father’s coffin that signifies his movement into mourning. His closeness to the burial site, his one-on-one interaction with the coffin, and his personal realization that the coffin does not contain his father’s body is what allows him to move into productive mourning. Through this interaction with burial and commemoration, Oskar realizes that though his father is gone he will never have not existed, and begins to move into productive mourning. Analyzing the importance of burial/commemorative practices in this novel allows a reading that focuses on the productive nature of Oskar’s quest, his ultimately promising encounter with loss, and an understanding of America’s adjusted approach to burial and commemoration after an instance of terror that resulted in mass death—a frequent contributor to shifts in burial and commemorative practices.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"274 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"We Will Not Be Silent: I. L. Peretz’s “Bontshe the Silent” vs. 1950s Mccarthyism in America and the Story of the Staging of The World of Sholom Aleichem","authors":"Adi Mahalel","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0204","url":null,"abstract":"On May Day 1953, a group of actors and a production crew staged the premiere of an Off-Broadway play called The World of Sholom Aleichem. What made this production unique was that all of the people involved in it were blacklisted. They were all victims of McCarthy’s assault on the entertainment industry, part of his campaign to defeat “the red enemies from within.” But this group of people refused to be silent victims, and they—the vast majority of whom were Jewish—produced this play in defiance of the authorities, proving the vitality of their artistic talents. The play was based on the English dramatic adaptations by Arnold Perl of three classic Yiddish short stories: two by Sholem Aleichem (“The High School” and “The Enchanted Tailor”) separated by one famous short story by I. L. Peretz entitled “Bontshe Shvayg” (Bontshe the Silent). In this paper, I discuss the social, political, and historical significance of this play with a special emphasis on the story by Peretz, which I believe stands out between the three acts.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"204 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stanley Kunitz’s Cracked Vocation","authors":"Jim Cocola","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0134","url":null,"abstract":"Though Stanley Kunitz was among the most decorated poets of his generation, he did not secure his first college teaching position until he was in his forties, and it wasn’t until he was well into his fifties that he began to receive widespread acclaim for his work. Ultimately, these early fissures in Kunitz’s vocation were problems of professionalization that can be traced back to his origins. As the youngest son of a hardscrabble immigrant widow in a gritty industrial city, Kunitz transcended his difficult childhood, but found it more complicated to contend with his heritage as he shaped a career for himself. Though Kunitz made isolated attempts to reckon with his Jewish and Lithuanian roots, his more usual course was to de-emphasize that heritage. But if Kunitz’s poetics proved to be a poetics of sublimation in the main, there are also instances in which the sorrows of his station shine through—as, for instance, in the masterful short poem “An Old Cracked Tune,” where Kunitz takes pains to reassert his beleaguered identity, to think through the terms of the prejudices he faced up to, and, in his own terms, “to embrace a wounded name.”","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"134 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Women and poets see the truth arrive”: Muriel Rukeyser and Walt Whitman","authors":"Dara Barnat","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0094","url":null,"abstract":"Walt Whitman is a crucial figure in the Jewish American poetic tradition. Though scholars have periodically noted Whitman’s influence on this tradition, the breadth of Jewish American poets who have embraced Whitman’s aesthetics and ethos, from the mid-nineteenth century to date, has yet to be recognized, notwithstanding Allen Ginsberg. This essay presents an intriguing example of a Jewish American poet responding pre–World War II to the non-Jewish Whitman: the political poet Muriel Rukeyser. Rukeyser adopts aspects of Whitman’s work to create a more democratic, socially informed, and inclusive America in general and Jewish America in particular. This case of intertextuality demonstrates how a Jewish minority writer, in order to negotiate their position in America, turns to a non-Jewish American majority writer.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"116 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}