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Mandelstam – Planck Polemics and its Representation in the Soviet Scientific Literature: Ideological Metamorphoses Mandelstam-Planck波兰主义及其在苏联科学文献中的表现：意识形态的蜕变
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.8
A. Pechenkin
{"title":"Mandelstam – Planck Polemics and its Representation in the Soviet Scientific Literature: Ideological Metamorphoses","authors":"A. Pechenkin","doi":"10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.8","url":null,"abstract":"The L. I. Mandelstam M. Planck polemics concerning the theory of dispersion (1907-1908) are taken under consideration. Mandelstam attacked Planck’s theory published in 1904. Planck reacted by publishing a short reply in 1907. Mandelstam was not satisfied and published a paper where he provided a more detailed calculation (1908). Planck criticized his approach again (1908). Mandelstam published two more papers, but Planck did not react to these publications. From a historical point of view it is interesting that in the Soviet scientific literature, Mandelstam’s position was almost unanimously considered to be correct and powerful. The situation changed after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Russian physicists came to treat Planck’s position as the correct one. In this connection, the problem of scientific objectivity arises. The author emphasizes the ideological context of the scientific interpretation of facts. The phenomena of progressivism and introjection are taken under consideration.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48094928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Max van Manen’s Phenomenology of Practice: Relation with Education Sciences and Philosophy 马克思·范·马南的实践现象学:与教育科学和哲学的关系
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.9
Sandra Kaire
{"title":"Max van Manen’s Phenomenology of Practice: Relation with Education Sciences and Philosophy","authors":"Sandra Kaire","doi":"10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.9","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the method of the phenomenology of practice developed by the Canadian scholar Max van Manen. The paper describes the development and the main aspects of the phenomenology of practice as well as its importance and relevance to education sciences. However, in line with the critical remarks of the philosopher Dan Zahavi, the paper argues that there are fundamental problems with the phenomenology of practice in regard to phenomenology as philosophy. It is suggested that a researcher who applies this approach in his or her research should be cautious, critically evaluate van Manen’s presentation of phenomenology, and start his/her research from the phenomenological philosophy. Moreover, the paper argues that phenomenology should not be considered only as a methodological approach.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"99 1","pages":"118-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42682392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ressentiment in Egalitarian Movements: Slavoj Žižek’s Response to Peter Sloterdijk 平等主义运动中的怨恨:斯拉沃伊Žižek对彼得·斯洛特戴克的回应
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2021-04-21 DOI: 10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.2
Jokūbas Andrijauskas
{"title":"Ressentiment in Egalitarian Movements: Slavoj Žižek’s Response to Peter Sloterdijk","authors":"Jokūbas Andrijauskas","doi":"10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.2","url":null,"abstract":"I discuss Peter Sloterdijk’s critique of egalitarian projects presented in his book Zorn und Zeit and Slavoj Žižek’s response to it. My claim is that both of these thinkers show an oscillation between polemical and analytical aspects when using the concept of ressentiment. By using the concept of ressentiment, Sloterdijk explains the transformation of anger in Western societies. He holds that the atemporal anger, which characterized ancient greeks assumes a temporal form and becomes the project of revenge and ressentiment under Christianity and later emancipatory movements. I show that alongside this view, the author implies a political-polemical argumentation with the intent of delegitimizing the political left movements. Then I discuss the notion of ressentiment in Žižek’s view, which implies the same ambivalence, on the one hand, this concept is introduced as an alternative to Sloterdijk’s attempts at delegitimization, on the other, it seeks to explain anger and revenge related phenomena. At last, I claim that Sloterdijk’s and Žižek’s positions differ on the polemical aspect, but are compatible analytically.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42078279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Patirties problema E. Voegelino filosofijoje 沃格林哲学中的经验问题
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.3
Dovydas Caturianas
{"title":"Patirties problema E. Voegelino filosofijoje","authors":"Dovydas Caturianas","doi":"10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/PROBLEMOS.99.3","url":null,"abstract":"už šias tikrovės sritis elementaresnės ir fundamentalesnės, Abstract. The paper deals with the problem of E. Voegelin’s notion of experience: the positive meaning of this concept is not specified in any of the author’s works. Based on W. James’s ‘‘Essay on Radical Empiricism” and Voegelin’s late works, it is shown that Voegelin’s theory of consciousness is rooted in James‘s concept of “pure experience”, which essentially sought to close the epistemological chasm between subject and object, phenomena and noumena . According to this notion, mental and physical, subjective and objective realities are merely derivative aspects of a certain primordial pure experience, which is more elementary and fundamental than the two former aspects of reality. Finally, the article exposes other implications of this connection with James’s philosophy for E. Voegelin’s theory of consciousness.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"53 1","pages":"34-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66977668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Egology and Hermeneutics: the Inspiration of Greimas and Kavolis in the Cultural Philosophy of Sverdiolas 自我论与解释学：格里玛斯和卡沃利斯对斯维尔多拉斯文化哲学的启示
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.4
Gintautas Mažeikis
{"title":"Egology and Hermeneutics: the Inspiration of Greimas and Kavolis in the Cultural Philosophy of Sverdiolas","authors":"Gintautas Mažeikis","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.4","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to analyze how existential phenomenology and hermeneutics of Sverdiolas helps to understand the formation of culture as a transcendental process in the periods of the social and cultural crisis. Sverdiolas explains in detail the egology of Greimas and the cultural sociology of Kavolis, their understanding of the crisis, the exile and decline of cultures, and the radical choices of public intellectuals. Since much is said about egology and participatory understanding, the article develops the concept of hermeneutical anthropology. In this connection, we discuss Sverdiolas’s relation to the hermeneutical anthropology of Cl. Geertz and the condition of the transgressive being, which partly explains the role of personal choice in the time of cultural crisis. The article asks where and how do existential hermeneutics become anthropological or sociological. Greimas is discussed in the context of the crisis of meaning and phenomenological egology, and Kavolis in the context of group symbolic interactionism, the sociology of trust and friendship.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41971328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Hermeneutics of Arūnas Sverdiolas Arūnas Sverdiolas解释学
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.5
Arūnas Mickevičius
{"title":"The Hermeneutics of Arūnas Sverdiolas","authors":"Arūnas Mickevičius","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article seeks to highlight and thus draw attention to some important features of A. Sverdiolas’s thinking and his hermeneutic research. The article discusses three models of cultural hermeneutics: “weak hermeneutics,” “strong hermeneutics,” and “deep hermeneutics.” The aim of the article is to substantiate the thesis that A. Sverdiolas’s hermeneutics can be assigned to the so-called “strong hermeneutics,” but with elements that are also characteristic of the so-called “deep hermeneutics.” The article emphasizes that A. Sverdiolas considers and discusses in his texts the conceptual approaches of the so-called “weak hermeneutics,” but does not theoretically engage in it. It should be emphasized that A. Sverdiolas considers and discusses the conceptual approaches of the so-called “weak hermeneutics,” but does not theoretically engage in it. Also, based on the metaphorical image of “urbanization,” the article seeks to draw attention to A. Sverdiolas’s contribution to expanding and deepening research in the field of culture in Lithuania.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43380586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Arūnas Sverdiolas and the Phenomenological Philosophy of Culture Arūnas斯维迪奥拉斯与文化现象学哲学
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.3
Dalius Jonkus
{"title":"Arūnas Sverdiolas and the Phenomenological Philosophy of Culture","authors":"Dalius Jonkus","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the relationship of hermeneutics and phenomenology in Arūnas Sverdiolas’s philosophy of culture. Firstly what is discussed is the problem of the separation between culture and nature, and then the concept of cultural activity and creation is analyzed. In cultural philosophy it is not enough to reflect on the cultural act of creation. Creation is the discovery of the world’s essential forms of expression. Ideas need to be discovered and only then they can be materialized and communicated to others in such an objective way. Therefore, culture must be understood as the communication of meaning. Cultural objects refer not only to the actions that create them, but also to the demands placed on potential perceivers.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42459465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Three Steps Towards the Phenomenology of Literature with Arūnas Sverdiolas 走向文学现象学的三步:Arūnas Sverdiolas
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/PROBLEMOS.PRIEDAS.20.8
Jūratė Levina
{"title":"Three Steps Towards the Phenomenology of Literature with Arūnas Sverdiolas","authors":"Jūratė Levina","doi":"10.15388/PROBLEMOS.PRIEDAS.20.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/PROBLEMOS.PRIEDAS.20.8","url":null,"abstract":"The paper outlines the methodological orientation of Arūnas Sverdiolas’s scholarship and his school towards the praxis of the hermeneutic understanding of concrete cultural phenomena and takes this approach into the field of the phenomenology of literature. The attempt begins with a definition of the literary work in the hermeneutic framework of discourse, in which the work is considered to be an utterance that expresses an originary grasp of world phenomena. This capacity of the work to express is enabled by the operative mechanism of discourse, which binds, by the means of grammar and reference, the linguistic form of the work to the intentional structure of experience. To show this mechanism at work, the paper looks into Alfonsas Nyka-Niliūnas’s project of self-creation: Sverdiolas examines the poet’s diaries to reconstruct his effort of cultivating his poetic ego along the hermeneutic lines of the existential time, while Nyka-Niliūnas himself expresses this self-conception poetically as a more general phenomenon – the phenomenon of poetic self-consciousness as such – in the poem “Autobiography 1986”.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45843080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What is the Meaning of Immanuel Kant’s Notion of the Human Being as the Ultimate End of Nature? 康德关于人是自然的终极目的的概念的意义是什么？
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.2
Danutė Bacevičiūtė
{"title":"What is the Meaning of Immanuel Kant’s Notion of the Human Being as the Ultimate End of Nature?","authors":"Danutė Bacevičiūtė","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores Kant’s notion of the human being as the ultimate end of nature, presenting an ethical interpretation of this notion. The author of this article believes that the analysis of Kant’s assumptions will allow a deeper understanding of our own hermeneutical situation, in which ecological problems force us to rethink our relationship with nature and the meaning of human existence. Analyzing Kant’s early texts on Lisbon earthquake and his reflection on the sublime in the Critique of Judgement, the author asks how the experience of an uncontrolled natural element complements Kant’s ethical vision of nature’s teleology. Emphasizing the importance of insight into human vulnerability for the implementation of moral purpose in nature, the article outlines guidelines for interpretation that allow the relevance of Kant’s position in the context of contemporary environmental ethics.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"19-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45643937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Philosopher as a Reader: A. Sverdiolas Reads G. Deleuze 作为读者的哲学家：a.Sverdiolas阅读G.Deleuze
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.7
Nijolė Keršytė
{"title":"The Philosopher as a Reader: A. Sverdiolas Reads G. Deleuze","authors":"Nijolė Keršytė","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.7","url":null,"abstract":"Arūnas Sverdiolas’s way of reading Deleuze raises questions about the compatibility of two traditions: how and to what extent can a philosopher of Culture understand a philosopher of Nature and Life? Deleuze, formed in the rationalist tradition, resists the philosophy of Consciousness and Meaning, in which universality is held higher than empirical particularity. Abstract thinking – a cause of allergy for a Frenchman – is on the contrary an aspiration for a Lithuanian. Sverdiolas’s formation has its roots in resistance against Marxist-materialist thinking, with the help of philosophy of culture. He considers the whole philosophy of the 20th century as an anthropological philosophy of Culture. This does not facilitate understanding Deleuze’s thought. His vitalist philosophy is deemed paramaterialist and considered to be reductionist. Hence a contradiction: Deleuze is recognized as a gifted historian of philosophy, but his own thinking is viewed with scepticism, without seeing its roots in the history of philosophy. The reason why Deleuze’s philosophy rejects the anthropocentric perspective – that of the ego and of consciousness – is not considered.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"69-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48398590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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