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Anthropomorphic Representation and the Relics 拟人表现与文物
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.10
Tojana Račiūnaitė
{"title":"Anthropomorphic Representation and the Relics","authors":"Tojana Račiūnaitė","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.10","url":null,"abstract":"The concepts of representation and perception, which are specially employed and contextualised in this article, were introduced for cultural reflection by Arūnas Sverdiolas. Pamėklė is a Lithuanian equivalent of “simulacrum,” which can be associated with images that are distinguished by a doll effect and provoke spectator-participant reaction and involvement, and can therefore be associated with reckoned instruments of experience. Another strategy for representing a person encompasses the phenomenon of relics, the fragmentary remains of the body. The article shows how these kinds of anthropomorphic representations of the body can be detected individually and how they can co-exist in a hybrid structure. The example of such a structure we can find in the exposition of relics from the body of St Boniface in the church in Valkininkai.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48950923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Space, Place, Haven: Levinas’s Phenomenology of Home 空间、地点、避难所:列维纳斯的《家的现象学》
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.6
Jolanta Saldukaitytė
{"title":"Space, Place, Haven: Levinas’s Phenomenology of Home","authors":"Jolanta Saldukaitytė","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.6","url":null,"abstract":"By distinguishing between space and place, the article situates and analyses the meaning of the closest place – home – in the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. The effort to encounter transcendence, to escape, to leave, to not be attached a particular place, and not to be driven by a nostalgia to return, is dominant in Levinas’s philosophy. This article shows that dwelling in a place, as settling in a home, also has a positive meaning for Levinas. This positive meaning comes, however, not from an ontological but from an ethical relationship with a place. The home is shown as chosen place, warm and human, as opposed to a given or natural place. On the one hand, the home is a necessary condition for security, but also the very condition of interiority and activity, of having the place in the world in contrast to thrownness. On the other hand, it is not a place where I is embodied and rooted in like a vegetable, but a place where I welcome the other.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47133836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overcoming Vanitas, or Showing One’s Cards 克服虚荣心，还是亮出底牌
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.9
Vaiva Kubeckienė
{"title":"Overcoming Vanitas, or Showing One’s Cards","authors":"Vaiva Kubeckienė","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.9","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the painting Card Player Showing His Hand by T. Rombouts (17th c. Netherlands) is being interpreted. It is noticed that two existential manifestations may interact in this composition: the gambler’s and Vanitas. In the first part of this article, an analysis is made how Rombouts presents card play as a way of being and how he integrates it into the genre of Vanitas. In the second part the hypothesis, is it proven that the composition of the painting continues the theme of Vanitas and questions it at the same time.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43052289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Medicus Philosophus to Medicus Religiosus, Or Why Wasn’t Medical Education Installed at the Vilnius Jesuit Academy 从哲学美第库斯到宗教美第库斯，或者为什么维尔纽斯耶稣会学院没有设立医学教育
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.12
Dainora Pociūtė
{"title":"From Medicus Philosophus to Medicus Religiosus, Or Why Wasn’t Medical Education Installed at the Vilnius Jesuit Academy","authors":"Dainora Pociūtė","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.12","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the absence of medical studies at the Vilnius Jesuit Academy. The question in the historiography is linked rather with the local peculiarities than the Jesuit attitude toward medicine in particular. Some attempts to establish medical studies in Vilnius during the 16th and 17th centuries are discussed in the context of Early-modern Jesuit universities that forbade Jesuits to involve themselves in academic medicine. The exclusion of medicine from Jesuit schools is analyzed as an intentional dissociation from the rise of the learned medicine and early modern philosophical tendencies of the medicalization of the soul. Jesuits also introduced the pattern of medicus religiosus instead of medicus philosophus, which represented their image of medical practitioner.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"120-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46031566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
My Work 我的工作
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.1
A. Sverdiolas
{"title":"My Work","authors":"A. Sverdiolas","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.1","url":null,"abstract":"  ","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45841443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Constitution and Preservation: Experiences of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania 宪法与保护：立陶宛大公国的经验
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.11
Darius Kuolys
{"title":"Constitution and Preservation: Experiences of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania","authors":"Darius Kuolys","doi":"10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.priedas.20.11","url":null,"abstract":"By refering to the examples of different cultural traditions, Arūnas Sverdiolas in his study Constitution and Preservation described the mechanisms that are involved in the creation of culture – constitution and preservation. The goal of this article is to show how these mechanisms operated in the reality of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The article analyzes the roles that the Lithuanian political society gave to legislation, upbringing, historical narratives, heroic and occasional poetry while constituting and preserving itself.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"1 1","pages":"111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46781220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vasily Sesemann’s Theory of Knowledge: Intuition, Logic and Dialectic 赛赛曼的认识论:直觉、逻辑与辩证法
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-10-23 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.98.2
Dalius Jonkus
{"title":"Vasily Sesemann’s Theory of Knowledge: Intuition, Logic and Dialectic","authors":"Dalius Jonkus","doi":"10.15388/problemos.98.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.98.2","url":null,"abstract":"Nicolai Hartmann interprets the logic of knowledge as a dialectical process that must reveal the processionality of being itself. Sesemann not only extends Hartmann‘s philosophical insights, but also supplements them significantly. He also understands the knowledge of reality not as an analysis of static objects, but as a dynamic and temporal reconstruction of becoming reality. Acknowledging the limitations of intuition, he returns to the possibilities of logically formed knowledge. Sesemann argues that the logical constructions of knowledge must maintain a connection with primal intuition. However, logically formed knowledge is limited by its static nature. A dialectic is needed to reveal a dynamically changing being. I will begin the article by discussing the relationship between intuition and logical knowledge, then examine the problem of the ideal being and conclude by evaluating the significance of dialectics in Sesemann’s theory of knowledge. According to Sesemann, the dialectic, unlike formal logic, must reveal not the ideal laws of thought, but how live knowledge takes place. Dialectics allows one to analyze being as incomplete and indefinite, as becoming and open to infinite change, it allows one to relate a separate aspect of knowledge to the whole.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"98 1","pages":"21-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43760456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mimetic Evil: A Conceptual and Ethical Study 拟态邪恶:概念与伦理研究
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-10-23 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.98.5
T. Airaksinen
{"title":"Mimetic Evil: A Conceptual and Ethical Study","authors":"T. Airaksinen","doi":"10.15388/problemos.98.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.98.5","url":null,"abstract":"Irony and sarcasm are common linguistic tropes. They are both based on falsehoods that the speaker pretends to be true. I briefly characterize their differences. A third trope exists that works when the relevant propositions are true – yet its rhetorical effect resembles irony and sarcasm, I call it mocking. It is mimetic evil: an agent copies another so that the result ridicules him. The image is, in a limited way, true of him and it hurts; we all are vulnerable. I provide a systematic framework for understanding this phenomenon, mocking, in terms of emulation and simulation. Finally, I introduce an idea of universal mimesis and discuss René Girard’s theory of desire. He argues that desires are copies of a model. This may not be possible, and I suggest a modification to his theory. I pay attention to his idea of mimetic desire as a source of hatred, which is obviously related to what I call here mimetic mocking.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45861396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Structure and Dynamics Argument against Materialism Revisited 反对唯物主义的结构与动力论再探
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-10-23 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.98.12
A. Mărășoiu
{"title":"The Structure and Dynamics Argument against Materialism Revisited","authors":"A. Mărășoiu","doi":"10.15388/problemos.98.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.98.12","url":null,"abstract":"Alter (2016) elaborates and defends an ambitious argument advanced by Chalmers (2002) against physicalism. As Alter notes, the argument is valid. But I will argue that not all its premises are true. In particular, it is false that all physical truths are purely structural. In denying this, I focus not on the objects of pure physical theory but on the homely, macroscopic objects of our daily lives.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"98 1","pages":"136-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44953754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Challenge of the Moral to Carl Schmitt’s Concept of the Political 道德对施密特政治观的挑战
IF 0.1 4区 哲学
Problemos Pub Date : 2020-10-23 DOI: 10.15388/problemos.98.10
A. Jokūbaitis
{"title":"The Challenge of the Moral to Carl Schmitt’s Concept of the Political","authors":"A. Jokūbaitis","doi":"10.15388/problemos.98.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/problemos.98.10","url":null,"abstract":"Schmitt makes a distinction between politics and the political; however, he does not speak about the distinction between morality and the moral. By introducing the concept of the moral, we aim to show the weak points of his critique of liberalism. The aim of the article is to look at Schmitt’s concept of the political from the perspective of the moral. This helps to reveal previously unseen aspects of his theory. First, the ontology of the moral stands in direct competition with the ontology of the political. Secondly, the political is not a separate ontology because it depends on the primacy of anthropological presuppositions. Thirdly, Schmitt’s concept of the political is paradoxically like the liberal stance of morality, which is the object of his critique.","PeriodicalId":41448,"journal":{"name":"Problemos","volume":"98 1","pages":"125-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42510379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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