Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History最新文献

{"title":"СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВО ИРРИГАЦИОННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ВО ВРЕМЯ КОКАНДСКОГО ХАНСТВА","authors":"Алишер Мамажонов, Абдувохид Алишеров, Сардорбек Собиров","doi":"10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_7","url":null,"abstract":"В статье рассказывается о строительстве оросительных систем при Кокандском ханстве, использовании рабочей силы при рытье каналов и каналов при ханстве, строительстве каналов и каналов с традиционным «народным хашаром».","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78131220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"КЫРГЫЗСТАНДАГЫ ДИНИЙ ИШЕНИМДЕРДИН КООМДУК ТУРМУШТАГЫ ОРДУ ЖАНА РОЛУ (“КУРМАНДЫККА ЧАЛУУНУН” МИСАЛЫНДА)","authors":"Айжана Осконбай кызы, Гульназ Чыныкеева","doi":"10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_9","url":null,"abstract":"Бул макалада Кыргызстандагы жашаган калктын диний ишенимдери, тактап айтканда, “курмандыкка чалуу” ишенимине байланыштуу  изилдөөлөр камтылат. Кыргыз этнографиясында жогорудагыдай диний ишенимдер атайын терең изилдөөгө алынбаган, бирок мааниси жогору маселелердин бири. Көз карандысыздыкка жеткенден кийин өлкөбүздө ар түрдүү диний агымдар пайда болгон жана бүгүнкү күндө да алар жигердүү ишмердүүлүктөрүн жүргүзүшүүдө. Азыркы мезгилде да исламга тиешелүү ырым-жырымдар, исламга чейинки ишенимдер ассимиляцияланып, жергиликтүү калк тарабынан кеңири колдонулууда.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87054094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ОКТЯБРЬ ТӨҢКӨРҮШҮ ФЕРГАНА ӨРӨӨНҮНДӨ: СОЦИАЛИСТТИК АГАРАРДЫК ТҮЗҮЛҮШТҮН НЕГИЗДЕЛИШИ","authors":"Шекербубу Дыйканова","doi":"10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_4","url":null,"abstract":"Макалада Фергана өрөөнүнүн XX кылымдын башындагы социалдык-экономикалык абалы жана айыл-чарбасындагы кырдаал баяндалат. Совет өкмөтүнүн алгачкы социалисттик агрардык кайра куруу саясатынын маңызына, мүнөзүнө, аны ишке  ашыруунун натыйжаларын жана кесепетерине карата тарыхнаамада орун алган таптык мамилеге негизделген мүчүлүштүктөрдүн ордун толтуруу маселеси изилдөөнүн илимий-теориялык жактан актуалдуулугун көрсөтүп турат. Демек, бул изилдөөдөгү маселелерди окуп үйрөнүү тарыхый чындыкты калыптандырууга, биздин өлкөдөгү тоталитардык мезгил  жөнүндө илимий жыйынтыктардын тереңдетүүгө шарт түзөт.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75152216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ПРИОРИТЕТЫ ВНЕШНЕЙ ПОЛИТИКИ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА И УЗБЕКИСТАНА","authors":"","doi":"10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_10","url":null,"abstract":"В статье представлены результаты исследования регионального сотрудничества в Центральной Азии (ЦА). Выявлены основные факторы, влияющие  на состояние такого сотрудничества,  дана оценка его политических, экономических и культурно-гуманитарных аспектов. Указываются перспективные направления для регионального сотрудничества с акцентом на  роли Кыргызской Республики в формировании проектов сотрудничества.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"114 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72554648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"РОЛЬ ГРИГОРИЯ РАСПУТИНА В ОБЩЕСТВЕННО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЖИЗНИ РОССИИ НАЧАЛА XX В.","authors":"","doi":"10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_2","url":null,"abstract":"В статье исследованы проблематики, связанной как с ролью личности в истории, так и со спецификой общественно-политической жизни России начала XX в. На примере Григория Распутина представляется возможность оценить значение субъективного фактора – а именно, способность конкретной отдельно взятой личности влиять на ход исторического процесса, ускорять или замедлять события и явления, вызывающие трансформацию государственного и общественного строя, крупные изменения на международной арене.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"956 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73258777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"НҮЗҮП БИЙДИН БЕЙНЕСИ – ЭЛДИК КОШОКТОРДО","authors":"Назигул Конколоева, Гульназ Чыныкеева","doi":"10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52754/1694867x_2022_1_6","url":null,"abstract":"Бул макалада Кокон хандыгында таасирдүү роль ойногон Нүзүп миң башынын генеалогиялык таблицасы, анын ата-бабасынын да хандыкта көрүнүктүү орунду ээлегендиги информаторлордун маалыматтарына таянуу менен кошоктордун мисалында берилет.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76284284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE SOVIET BAR DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: THE ROLE OF A BARRISTER AND THE LIMITS OF THE POLITICALLY PERMISSIBLE IN CRIMINAL DEFENSE","authors":"A. Starkov","doi":"10.17072/2219-3111-2022-3-181-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-3-181-192","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the sources from the federal and regional archives of Russia, particularly on the materials of revisions of local bar associations by Peoples’ Commissariat of Justice, the reports of bar associations and the materials of disciplinary proceedings against guilty defenders, the article is devoted to the practices of the Soviet bar during the Great Patriotic War. The author analyzes some recordings of criminal trials that show strategies of defense. Considering personnel and organizational aspects of the Soviet bar existence, the author pays attention to the professional and political qualities of Soviet lawyers, as the Soviet government tried to form them during the Great Patriotic war. That period was the beginning of the development of a new system of the Soviet bar, since its new legal and organizational grounds had been established in 1938–1939 after the adoption of the new Stalin’s Constitution. Despite the viewpoint of some historians that, under Stalin, the Soviet bar played an exclusively formal role in legal proceedings, the archival sources show that the Soviet authorities did not try to form defenders as passive observers on trial. On the contrary, Peoples’ Commissariat of Justice required them to participate in the proceedings actively and stubbornly. From the point of view of the Soviet power, a “prompt” Soviet advocate ought to have general and legal literacy and special moral, political and ideological consciousness into “socialist legality” line. However, in practice, the government faced serious personnel problems: the educational level of lawyers was low and the number of communists among them decreased dramatically because of the war. The active defense of a bar member in court often led to disciplinary proceedings against the advocate, in particular after defending those accused of counter-revolutionary crimes. At these trials, the defenders were faced with the need to challenge accusations of disloyalty to the Soviet government and could themselves be accused of anti-Soviet activities. Most advocates decided to be inactive during political trials (but such passiveness often caused disciplinary penalties toward a bar member). One of the most common defense strategies was to ask for mercy for the accused. Only a few advocates risked challenging the political accusations. The defenders were much more willing to present their arguments in their appeals to the Supreme Courts of the RSFSR and the USSR, which were probably considered by the defenders to be more objective and competent. In conclusion, the author assumes that the role of the Soviet bar in wartime was not exclusively formal, and the authorities sought to make it an additional institution for maintaining “socialist legality” and socio-political status quo during the war. However, the intension did not mean the desire of the Soviet power to make an advocate a real defender of citizens' rights.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90320076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PEACE BY OTHER MEANS: BUSINESS AND CIVIL CONFLICT RESOLUTION","authors":"А. Rozhkov, Ye Weimian","doi":"10.17072/2218-1067-2022-1-106-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-1-106-114","url":null,"abstract":"What is the role of business in resolving civil conflicts? For a long time, the private sector was not seen as an important contributor to peacebuilding. It was not until the mid-1990s that discussions about the impact of companies on conflict resolution appeared in the literature. This article contains the main ideas of scientists working in the discipline \"business for the world\". As the experience shows, the voluntary participation of businesses in resolving wars is clearly not enough. Nevertheless, Jolian Ford's theory of responsive regulation allows to reduce costs and increase the benefits of business in peacebuilding. In the final part of the work, a case is presented for resolving the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, which makes it possible to assess the prospects of using business in civil conflict resolution.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90963978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Study of Nonstandard Mineral Vocabulary: the Names of Crystals","authors":"Sergey V. Zhuzhgov","doi":"10.17072/2073-6681-2022-2-5-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2022-2-5-17","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses nonstandard gemstone names – the names of precious stones that do not belong to the official international mineralogical terminology. In Russian linguistics, this lexical group remains understudied. The paper reflects on the ideographic specifics of nonstandard gemstone names. It deals with the names of crystals used in the Middle Urals – in dialectal speech as well as in the language of stonecutters, gemstone hunters, and amateur minerologists. This territory was chosen for the research as it has a rich tradition of mineral recovery and carving. The lexical units analyzed in the article denote crystal minerals. A large part of the names was collected in expeditions with the author’s participation. The article attempts to create an ideographic classification of the names of crystals. The whole array of the lexical material was divided into 7 basic thematic groups: “Color characteristics of crystals,” “Specifics of crystal growth and formation types,” “Crystal inclusions,” “Crystal size,” “The parts of crystals,” “Processes inside crystals”, “Characterization of the quality and preciousness of crystals.” For some lexemes, the author comments on their semantics, motivation, grammatical and sometimes ethnolinguistic and sociolinguistic features. The research determines the rate of occurrence (based on the number of lexemes used within a particular group) for each thematic group and analyzes the reasons for differences in the rate.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88720832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An inductive method for monitoring impurities in non-ferromagnetic metals","authors":"Gennadii L. Losev, A. Mamykin","doi":"10.17072/1994-3598-2022-1-38-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1994-3598-2022-1-38-43","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a method for electromagnetic measurements of the chemical impurities’ con-centration in samples of non-ferrous metals. The principle of measurements is described and the in-fluence of the inaccuracy in geometric dimensions of the analyzed metal volume on the measure-ment error is established. The proposed measurement method was tested on model samples of a tin-lead alloy with an admixture of copper particles of various mass concentrations. For the select-ed combination of the analyzed metal and impurities a calibration curve of the sensor was ob-tained in the concentration range from 0 to 10%.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89251211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}