Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History最新文献

{"title":"FROM PAN-TURKISM TO XINJIANG SEPARATISM: AN ANALYSIS OF TURKIC FACTOR","authors":"Zhang Yuyan","doi":"10.17072/2218-1067-2022-1-94-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-1-94-105","url":null,"abstract":"The conflict caused by cultural differences is one of the reasons for the emergence and development of Pan-Turkism and Xinjiang separatism, and there is a clear connection between them. This article aims to answer two questions: what is the common ground for the association between Pan-Turkism and Xinjiang separatism and for the cultural differences that drive the emergence and development of the two? The research shows the \"Turkic factor\" to be a common foundation. The author argues that the Turkic factor is the socio-cultural basis that promotes the emergence and development of both Pan-Turkism and Xinjiang separatism. First, the Turkic factor is the premise and condition for the emergence, spread and three transformations in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey of Pan-Turkism. Second, the Turkic factor is the cultural basis of Xinjiang separatism, and it is constantly politicized and instrumentalized by Xinjiang separatism. Third, the Uyghurization of Turkic factor and Pan-Turkism is no doubt an inevitable consequence of the development of separatism, however, they are clearly different in the process, causes, methods, and results of Uyghurization. Finally, after being shaped by Xinjiang separatist forces, the content of the Turkic factor has been divided into two parts in Xinjiang.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80947164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biographical studies in the history of psychology","authors":"N. Loginova","doi":"10.17072/2078-7898/2022-1-38-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2022-1-38-50","url":null,"abstract":"It is not often that professional historians of psychology study biographies as they prefer to limit themselves to an introductory biographical sketch and focus more on the analysis of scientific works, dominant theories, and methodologies of a particular historical period. The history of ideas seems to be more important than the history of man of science. However, it is wrong to completely disregard the personality of the person engaged in the process of scientific cognition. The destiny of ideas, their development and implementation in public consciousness and practice depend on a person. In the humanities, the human dimension of scientific knowledge is particularly pronounced. Here, scientific theories, specific studies are so personal that they bring science closer to art. Biographical studies of the life and work, talent and character of a scientist have their rightful place in the science of science, as well as in the historico-psychological science. These studies tend to become psychobiographical, they deal with the psychology of the subject of scientific cognition. The subject of the study is the creative individuality and life path of the leader of the St. Petersburg school of thought in the Soviet period, B.G. Ananiev. His work depended on specific socio-historical situations, the demands of society and the state, but was still performed in spite of historical obstacles. The life and scientific activity of the scientist were intrinsically motivated. The biography showed the importance of the scientist’s age as a factor of creativity and social, civic behavior. From this point of view, one can see such personality traits as the energy of a start in youth, enthusiasm and a change in attitude to life time due to age and individual characteristics. At the last phase of his life, despite physical ailments, B.G. Ananiev intensified his work trying to achieve his cherished goals in scientific knowledge. To a large extent, he succeeded. Over time, his contribution to psychology becomes more and more obvious. The prospects of the scientist’s ideas and research are confirmed in the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85402030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VECTORS OF THE RUSSIAN REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY DESIGN: STATE PROGRAMS ANALYSIS","authors":"Christina P. Turtseva","doi":"10.17072/2218-1067-2022-3-27-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-3-27-40","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental policy is a complex system influenced by many factors. However, due to the continued centralization of Russia, it can be expected that such an exogenous factor as the commitment of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to the strategy of the federal center will be of great importance in developing their own regional environmental policy. On the other hand, regional authorities independently determine the directions for the development of regional policy in this area. This raises the question - does the regions' orientation have an impact on the quality of regional environmental policy? The study of the vector of Russian regional environmental policy development was carried out on the basis of state programs in the field of environmental development of 85 Russian regions, implemented from 2012 to 2025. The paper showed that state goals in the field of solving environmental problems serves as a vector for most regions. An important highlight is the local nature of the programs' development in most regions; programs are based on regional problems identified in a particular area. Simultaneously, according to the official regional environmental ratings in Russia, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation that copy the policy of the federal center, show greater concern for the quality of the environment.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78323352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group analysis of equilibrium equations for a nematocholesteric","authors":"I. Klebanov, O. A. Skaldin, A. Khanna, G. V. Sorokin","doi":"10.17072/1994-3598-2022-2-11-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1994-3598-2022-2-11-14","url":null,"abstract":"We obtain a Lie algebra admitted by the system of equilibrium equations for a nematocholesteric, which models equilibrium configurations of the elastic field in the one-constant approximation of the continuum theory. In the case of a pure nematic, the system is found to admit a ten-dimensional Lie algebra, while in the case of a cholesteric, the system admits a four-dimensional Lie algebra. In addition, we have received particular analytical solutions of the system of model equations.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78523433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BYZANTINE GARRISONS IN ITALY IN THE 6TH CENTURY: THE PROBLEM OF LOYALTY TO THE EMPEROR","authors":"A. Nazarov","doi":"10.17072/2219-3111-2022-2-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-2-5-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the relations between Byzantine garrisons on the Apennine Peninsula and the emperors in the 6th century. Already during the (re)conquest of Italy, measures were taken to integrate these territories into the Byzantine structures of the civil and military administration. However, the remoteness of the region periodically led to the interruptions of material supply of the Italian troops. These difficulties negatively affected the authority of the emperors among the military men. Another major problem was the scarcity of forces stationed in Italy. In addition, among them, there were many soldiers and commanders of barbarian origin, whose loyalty to Byzantium was largely situational. For these reasons, when faced with a numerous and successful enemy, they could defect to its side. Such was the situation on the Apennine Peninsula in 541, when the Ostrogoths, led by King Totila, went over to a counteroffensive. In all likelihood, the situation was similar during the Lombard conquest of Northern Italy in 568. The remoteness from the capital of the empire also led to the fact that the soldiers were more focused on loyalty not to the Byzantine rulers, but to local military leaders. These factors caused the weakness of imperial positions on the Apennine Peninsula.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77775008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POLITICAL THEOLOGY: GENESIS OF THE CONCEPT","authors":"А. V. Yarkeev","doi":"10.17072/2218-1067-2022-2-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2218-1067-2022-2-5-13","url":null,"abstract":"Modern socio-political sciences associate «political theology» with the secularization of the social world. The sacralization and theologization of politics allow us to talk about the formation of a secular type of political religiosity, replacing the traditional religion in society. Political theology is understood as a way of thinking about the foundations of power in modern societies, whose symbolic structures, responsible for the foundation of social order and maintaining its coherence, are being destroyed and experiencing a crisis of legitimacy. The article attempts to trace the genesis of the concept of political theology, starting from Greco- Roman antiquity, by explicating key positions that influenced its internal semantic dynamics and conceptual development. As a result, the author concludes that all the key socio-political categories and oppositions underlying the structural and symbolic order of secular society are somehow connected with the theological and political issues. It is argued that all attempts to separate the political from the theological, and the theological from the political, or to subordinate one to the other are doomed to failure in advance, but it is this struggle between the political and the theological, that presupposes the «unity of opposites», that determines the functioning of the theological-political «machine» of Western society.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79904498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTED WATER LEAKS FROM THE SITE OF A CHEMICAL PRODUCTION WASTE LANDFILL USING THE SELF-POTENTIAL METHOD","authors":"A. Gusev, V. L. Molyarenko, A. Pavlovsky, I. O. Prilutsky, S. V. Andrushko","doi":"10.17072/psu.geol.21.1.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/psu.geol.21.1.90","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of the research is a diagnostic assessment of polluted water leaks from the chemical waste landfill site using the self-potential method integrated with other methods. The following tasks were to be solved: locating zones of contaminated water leakage from the drainage canals; detecting polluted water leaks from the sludge reservoir; identifying the discharge zones of contaminated groundwater into the swamps adjacent to the landfill. Electrical prospecting equipment ERA-MAX with non-polarizable electrodes of the VIRG system was used for field measurements. Two measuring techniques of the self-potential method were used: the fixed-base method (the measurement interval was 5 m) and the potential gradient method (measuring line MN = 5 m). The additional methods were as follows: geomagnetic microsurvey and phytoindication. The following diagnostic indicators were estab-lished for the zones of infiltration of contaminated waters from canals and sludge reservoirs: negative fixed-base potential anomalies or negative potential gradient anomalies of the natural electric field, which are characterized by the amplitude of 10-40 mV. The area of discharge of polluted groundwater into the surficial unit is indicated by a positive anomaly of the natural electric field (+ 20-47 mV), spatially associated with the zone of degradation of swamp vegetation","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76440158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Realization of Intellectual Expression in the Idiostyle of Professor M. N. Kozhina","authors":"N. V. Danilevskaya, Varvara A. Danilevskaya","doi":"10.17072/2073-6681-2022-1-23-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2073-6681-2022-1-23-37","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the problem of role and place of intellectual expression in scientific discourse. The notion of ‘intellectual expression’, which has not been developed so far, is introduced into scientific analysis. Intellectual expression is regarded as a means of forming and expressing new scientific knowledge in a text. The sense-organizing, text-forming, and stylistic-verbal functions of intellectual expression are described. It is stated that intellectual expression serves as a marker of the peculiarities of the idiostyle of a text’s author. Idiostyle is understood as a specific way of meaning verbalization in academic works of a specific linguistic personality, as a result of which the discourse itself is characterized by a dominant way of organization. For the analysis of specific characteristics of idiostyle, the complex approach is suggested, which unites functional-stylistic and cognitive-axiological methods, making it possible to analyze the dynamics of sense forming, captured in the ‘verbal fabric’ of the text, as well as to interpret the role and place of language and speech units in these dynamics. The units of analysis are cognitive-evaluative actions and extended variative repetitions. The term-notion of intellectual expression is suggested; semantic, text-building, and stylistic-verbal functions of intellectual expression are discussed. It is concluded that M. N. Kozhina's idiostyle is imbued with a high degree of intellectual expression, which is predetermined by a large number of evaluative and cognitive actions and extended variative repetitions of different kinds and functions found in the text. The paper argues that the process of verbalization of new scientific knowledge in the text is carried out by means of cognitive evaluation as a deliberate choice by the author of a particular logical action, which is necessary, in the opinion of the scientist, in this particular fragment of presenting a scientific idea.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87474462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESULTS OF THE 1921–1922 WASHINGTON CONFERENCE SEEN BY THE BRITISH: PUBLICATION OF THE NEW ARCHIVAL DOCUMENTS","authors":"I. Magadeev","doi":"10.17072/2219-3111-2022-4-30-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-4-30-39","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims at defining the key estimates made by the British political leadership in relation to the Washington conference, held in 1921–1922. Four documents, taken from the UK National Archives and published for the first time, formed the “skeleton” of the research. A commentary is attached to each document. The author also used other archival materials and published diplomatic evidence to reconstruct the context of the British estimates. The author concludes that the perception of the Washington conference’s results made by the political leadership of the UK and the Foreign Office correlates with the ideas that dominated in the historiography. The conference was seen mainly as a success, enabling London to achieve interconnected aims, i.e. to lessen Anglo-American tensions, to escape the naval armaments race, and to redistribute resources and money for financial and economic reconstruction. However, it would be misleading to see the Washington conference as the date of the birth of Pax Anglo-Americana, or to superimpose the realities of the post-1945 era on the interwar period. The decisions of 1921–1922 did not preclude the Anglo-American struggle for supremacy, and British leaders were not prepared to become the U.S. junior partners, as it would happen later.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87660647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creation of an Integrated Data Model of the Heterogeneous Sources Containing Digital Footprints","authors":"P. Chernov, Evgeniy Rabchevskiy","doi":"10.17072/1993-0550-2022-2-81-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17072/1993-0550-2022-2-81-87","url":null,"abstract":"The article revealed the creation of an integrated data models based on ontology. The prototype that implements the integration of data by several heterogeneous sources and performs a logical reasoning required by the scoring anti-fraud system is presented.","PeriodicalId":41257,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Permskogo Universiteta-Istoriya-Perm University Herald-History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86916578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}