Powder Technology最新文献_第6页

Co-combustion and pollutant formation characteristics of fine oil shale and lignite in a 75 t/h CFB boiler 细粒油页岩与褐煤在75t /h循环流化床锅炉内共燃及污染物形成特性

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121011

Hongpeng Liu , Xuexin Xiang , Zhixue Wang , Haiwen Sun , Chunxia Jia , Jianye Pu , Hong Qin , Qing Wang

{"title":"Co-combustion and pollutant formation characteristics of fine oil shale and lignite in a 75 t/h CFB boiler","authors":"Hongpeng Liu , Xuexin Xiang , Zhixue Wang , Haiwen Sun , Chunxia Jia , Jianye Pu , Hong Qin , Qing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil shale gas heat carrier retorting is an effective utilization method of oil shale, oil shale fines are generated in this process which have a significant calorific value. Consequently, CFB combustion stands out as an effective methods to utilize these fine oil shale particles. This study conducted experiments blending low-calorific-value oil shale from Beipiao in a 75 t/h lignite CFB boiler. Using the CPFD method, numerical simulations were performed to investigate the combustion characteristics of these fine oil shale particles. The study explored seven different oil shale blending ratios and analyzed their impact, along with various feeding methods, on the combustion and pollutant emission characteristics of the CFB boiler. The findings revealed that increasing the blending ratio from 0 % to 35 % resulted in a decrease in the average hourly furnace temperature from 1145 K to below 1080 K. Additionally, the NO concentration rose from 188 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> to 289 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>, the SO<sub>2</sub> concentration escalated from 2335 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> to 6765 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>. The study suggests that without modifications to the boiler body, the blending ratio should not exceed 35 %. The optimal feeding method involves supplying oil shale from both sides. These results provide valuable insights into the utilization of low-calorific-value and high-ash fuels for CFB combustion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"459 ","pages":"Article 121011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study and numerical simulation of gas-solid flow characteristics in 1MWth compact-fast dual fluidized bed 紧凑-快速双流化床1mw内气固流动特性的实验研究与数值模拟

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121009

Shubo Chen , Fangjun Wang , Shiyi Chen , Wenguo Xiang , Xiang Xu , Xiquan Li

{"title":"Experimental study and numerical simulation of gas-solid flow characteristics in 1MWth compact-fast dual fluidized bed","authors":"Shubo Chen , Fangjun Wang , Shiyi Chen , Wenguo Xiang , Xiang Xu , Xiquan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the design and operational validation of a 1 MW<sub>th</sub> compact-fast dual fluidized bed system for calcium looping biomass gasification, scaled up from a lab-scale 10 kW<sub>th</sub> fluidized bed device. A series of cold-state gas-solid flow experiments were conducted to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of the system. Results indicate stable pressure balance across various operating conditions, with U-type loop seals demonstrating effective pressure self-regulation. The distribution of bed materials in each reactor exhibited consistent and controllable variations in response to changes in loop seal aeration, highlighting the operational flexibility and stability of the loop seals in modulating solid circulation. The solid circulation flux was widely adjustable under different flow control strategies, ensuring compatibility with subsequent high-temperature biomass gasification tests. High-temperature gas-solid flow experiments further confirmed the system's stable operation under thermal conditions. Continuum Particle Fluid Dynamics (CPFD) simulations validated the hydrodynamic feasibility of the design. This work establishes a robust foundation for advancing biomass-to‑hydrogen production using compact-fast dual fluidized bed technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"459 ","pages":"Article 121009"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of surface roughness and particle size on the shear characteristics of spherical particle materials 表面粗糙度和粒径对球形颗粒材料剪切特性的影响

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121017

Meng Miao, Fengyin Liu, Yu Yin, Yuqing Tang

{"title":"The effect of surface roughness and particle size on the shear characteristics of spherical particle materials","authors":"Meng Miao, Fengyin Liu, Yu Yin, Yuqing Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to systematically investigate the influence mechanism of particle size and surface roughness on the shear mechanical behavior of spherical particle materials. Rough glass beads with different particle sizes (2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm) were prepared using sandblasting technique. Together with smooth glass beads, they were used as test raw materials for indoor triaxial consolidated - drained (CD) tests. Based on the quantitative characterization of particle surface roughness, the differences in the shear mechanical properties of spherical particle materials, including stress - strain curves, strength parameters, critical state characteristics, and stick - slip behavior, etc., were discussed from the aspects of the particle size effect (R), the surface roughness index (Ra), and the normalized roughness effect (Ra/R). The main research results show that: increasing the surface roughness of particles can improve various shear mechanical parameters to a certain extent. This includes effectively increasing the peak deviatoric stress, expanding the range of the strength envelope, and raising the deviatoric stress corresponding to the specimen in the critical failure state. It can significantly increase the peak friction angle <em>φ</em> by approximately 10 %–40 % and the critical state line slope (CSL slope) by about 5 %–23 %. Moreover, the increase becomes more pronounced as the particle size decreases. Meanwhile, as the normalized roughness effect (Ra/R) increases, the friction coefficient becomes larger, which greatly weakens the stick - slip behavior between particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"459 ","pages":"Article 121017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On fluidization dynamics of Geldart D particles Geldart D颗粒流化动力学研究

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121014

Musango Lungu , Jingdai Wang , Yongrong Yang

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effect of alkali metals and fluorine on the reduction swelling properties of pellet ores: Influence of basicity 碱金属与氟对球团矿还原溶胀性能的协同作用：碱度的影响

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121010

Yifan Chai , Shuai Ma , Yingjie Fan , Peijun Liu , Shengli An , Suqian Gu

{"title":"Synergistic effect of alkali metals and fluorine on the reduction swelling properties of pellet ores: Influence of basicity","authors":"Yifan Chai , Shuai Ma , Yingjie Fan , Peijun Liu , Shengli An , Suqian Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bayan Obo iron ore concentrate is a crucial raw material in steel production, but its high content of harmful elements like alkali metals and fluorine (F) affects the reduction swelling properties of pellet ores. This study aimed to clarify these effects at different basicity by simulating Bayan Obo iron ore concentrate using synthetic reagents. Comprehensive investigations were conducted using a high-temperature deformation analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis to explore the reduction swelling process, phase crystal structure, microstructure, and kinetic behavior during reduction. The results showed that under the different basicity and reduction conditions, pellet ores containing Na and F exhibited a higher reduction swelling index than those pellet ores containing K and F. The maximum total reduction swelling index for both types of pellet ores occurred at a basicity of 0.8, with values of 50.6 % and 96.5 %, respectively. Additionally, a detrimental synergistic effect between Na and F was observed, which promoted the incorporation of alkali metals into the iron oxide lattice, leading to higher lattice constants, residual stresses, and distortion. The iron whiskers in the pellet ores containing Na and F formed a coarse reticular structure, indicating a synergistic effect of Na and F in promoting the growth of iron whiskers. Thermogravimetric and kinetic analysis indicated that the synergistic interaction between Na and F decreased the initial and final reaction temperatures of the pellet ores, reduced the energy required for the reduction reaction, and accelerated the reaction process, which was a key factor in exacerbating the reduction swelling of the pellet ores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 121010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heat transfer characteristics in a liquid-solids fluidisation bed: Effect of particle diameter and fluids 液固流化床的传热特性：颗粒直径和流体的影响

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121013

Damodar Singh , Ravisha Goswami , Padmakar Mishra , Vimal Kumar , Indra Mani Mishra

{"title":"Heat transfer characteristics in a liquid-solids fluidisation bed: Effect of particle diameter and fluids","authors":"Damodar Singh , Ravisha Goswami , Padmakar Mishra , Vimal Kumar , Indra Mani Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Present work deals with experimental study of heat transfer from column wall to fluidised bed for different fluids (Newtonian and non-Newtonian) and particle sizes. Fluids considered are water, sodium silicate (SS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with different concentrations. The influence of bed-voidage (ε) and superficial liquid velocity (v<sub>s</sub>) for different particle size, on heat transfer coefficient (<em>h</em>) is studied. For an increase in superficial liquid velocity, bed-voidage is increased and hence the heat transfer coefficient. The particle size is increased from 3.7744 mm to 6.09854 mm. For both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, it is observed the value of heat transfer coefficient increased, attained a maximum value at a bed-voidage of ≈0.7 and then decreased. For 22 % SS, 2.5 % CMC and 3.5 % CMC, the fluidisation system is in aggregate regime, whereas for 14 % S.S. and water, regime changed from particulate to aggregate. Furthermore, heat transfer mechanism from wall-to-bulk of bed has been established and it is found that temperature profiles in radial direction is not flat and there is significant contribution to overall heat transfer resistance from the bulk of the bed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"460 ","pages":"Article 121013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of graphene coating structure on the hydrodynamic properties of porous media 石墨烯涂层结构对多孔介质水动力性能的影响

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121016

Asif Khan , Daniyar Balapanov , Andrey Glushchuk , Mehdi Feizpour , Carlo S. Iorio

{"title":"Influence of graphene coating structure on the hydrodynamic properties of porous media","authors":"Asif Khan , Daniyar Balapanov , Andrey Glushchuk , Mehdi Feizpour , Carlo S. Iorio","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In light of the growing interest in carbon-based coatings, this paper investigates the influence of graphene coatings on the main hydrodynamic characteristics of sintered porous media. We developed a consistent methodology for coated porous medium characterization, which involves measurement techniques for the three most important parameters: porosity, capillary pressure, and permeability. The latter required special attention because of the coating fragility, which prevented the application of the conventional forced flow method. Thus, a mass rate-of-rise principle has been used, where the absorbed liquid mass is monitored in time and then fitted to the Lucas-Washburn model. The model's validity is strictly proven for the particular experimental conditions and the samples, as well as the rigorous theory for uncertainty estimation in the case of the least squares method. Using a pressing technique, the authors created porous samples of stainless-steel 316 L polydisperse and nickel spherical particles. The graphene coating is applied by the chemical vapour deposition technique. We found that the coating reduces the porosity and permeability of the nickel samples and increases their capillary pressure, with this influence proportional to the synthesis time. Conversely, the stainless-steel 316 L samples evidenced unintuitive results with 3D disordered carbon addition. The variation in porosity and permeability is within the measurement uncertainty, and capillary pressure exhibits an inverse dependence on the deposition process time. The measurement results are correlated with the analysis of the porous space structure and the coating structure obtained by SEM imaging and Raman spectroscopy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 121016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of material and process parameters on the correction factor Kp in roller compaction simulation 压实模拟中材料和工艺参数对修正系数Kp的影响

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120983

Layla Hassan , René Jensen , Zahra Sodal , Frederik H. Ørtoft , Lasse I. Blaabjerg , Umair Zafar

{"title":"Influence of material and process parameters on the correction factor Kp in roller compaction simulation","authors":"Layla Hassan , René Jensen , Zahra Sodal , Frederik H. Ørtoft , Lasse I. Blaabjerg , Umair Zafar","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is widely believed that compaction simulators can replicate the uniaxial compression process of a roller compactor. The correction factor (Kp) is a parameter used to adjust a mathematical model for compaction simulation to obtain the same product relative density, therefore accounting for specific variables in machinery and scale up. However, the Kp has often been established for a single material and within a limited design space. This study investigates the impact of material and process parameters such as roll speed, roll gap and specific compaction force (SCF) on the Kp during roller compaction simulation. MCC, Starch and a 50:50 % blend of the two materials were used as model materials for the investigation. The relative densities from ribbons and riblets were measured using pycnometry and Kp was determined using ratio calculation of the respective relative densities. The influence of roll speed on Kp was found to be statistically significant (<em>p</em> < 0.05) for Starch, however the same influence was not statistically significant for MCC and MCC:Starch 50 %:50 % (<em>p</em> > 0.05). Furthermore, the influence of roll gap on Kp was found to be statistically significant (<em>p</em> < 0.05) for all three materials. The influence of the SCF on the Kp was found to be statistical significant for Starch (<em>p</em> < 0.05), however the same influence was not statistically significant for MCC and MCC:Starch 50 %:50 % (<em>p</em> > 0.05). In addition, the combined influence of the gap and material exhibits also a statistically significant (<em>p</em> < 0.05) effect based on Kp leading to a second-order combined effect. The interaction of SCF, roll gap, and material properties affecting Kp, indicates the need for a tailored approach when determining Kp for different formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"459 ","pages":"Article 120983"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the dynamic combustion characteristics of Al-Mg-Li powders in equal cross-section combustion chamber: An experimental study 研究铝镁锂粉末在等截面燃烧室中的动态燃烧特性：实验研究

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120997

Yingying Lu , Hongyan Li , Changchao Guo , Wenxiong Xi , Sicong Xi , Shipeng Li , Shaoqing Hu

{"title":"Investigating the dynamic combustion characteristics of Al-Mg-Li powders in equal cross-section combustion chamber: An experimental study","authors":"Yingying Lu , Hongyan Li , Changchao Guo , Wenxiong Xi , Sicong Xi , Shipeng Li , Shaoqing Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the promising applications of powder ramjet engine technology in hypersonic vehicles, metal powder fuels have garnered significant research interest due to their high energy density. Among these, Al-based metal powder is particularly notable as a potential fuel option with important application prospects. Consequently, investigating the combustion properties of Al-based powder is crucial. In this study, we conducted experimental combustion studies on Al-Mg-Li powders with four different particle size distributions using a cyclone combustion system in an equal cross-section combustion chamber. The results demonstrated a significant effect of particle size distribution on the combustion efficiency of Al-Mg-Li powders. Powders with particle sizes below 75 μm achieve full combustion more rapidly. Additionally, the flame profile at the chamber exit is smoother and more continuous for particles below 45 μm, indicating higher combustion efficiency. The varying sizes of the spoiler cone influence combustion flame intensity by affecting the velocity, heating time, and concentration distribution of the Al-Mg-Li powders. Furthermore, when the cone is positioned closer to the bottom of the combustion chamber (80 mm), both the combustion intensity and efficiency of the Al-Mg-Li powders were improved. Finally, under cold air inflow conditions, self-sustained combustion of Al-Mg-Li powders was observed, with a re-ignition pulse period of 0.7–0.8 s.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120997"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupled thermo-electric discrete element model for spark plasma sintering 火花等离子烧结的热电耦合离散元模型

IF 4.5 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120957

F. Nisar , J. Rojek , S. Nosewicz , K. Kaszyca , M. Chmielewski

{"title":"Coupled thermo-electric discrete element model for spark plasma sintering","authors":"F. Nisar , J. Rojek , S. Nosewicz , K. Kaszyca , M. Chmielewski","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.120957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) is an emerging powder consolidation technique that employs electric current to generate heat through the Joule effect while applying pressure to achieve densification efficiently. A common concern in this process is the localization of Joule heat at the contacts between particles where electrical resistance is highest. This study investigates the coupled thermo-electric phenomena in sintered material using an original discrete element model (DEM). The model employs a two-particle sintering geometry, with particles interconnected by the neck. Neck size is evaluated using volume preservation criteria, and a correction factor compensating for non-physical overlaps as well as additional grain boundary resistance is introduced. The DEM model is verified by comparing with FEM simulations. A simple three-particle geometry is used to demonstrate that the simple DEM model gives the same potential evolution, resultant currents and temperature evolution as the more complex finite element model. Thereafter, the DEM model is validated on geometry generated using real particle size distribution to ensure heterogeneous microstructure. The effect of density on the electrical potential evolution, Joule heating and resulting increase in temperature is analysed. It is shown that the Joule heat is concentrated in the smaller particles and is conducted throughout the sample, resulting in a homogeneous increase in temperature. Ultimately, the effect of densification on heating rate is analysed. This study improves the overall understanding of thermo-electric behaviour in the SPS process, providing significant insights into the microscopic phenomena.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"458 ","pages":"Article 120957"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0