Powder Technology最新文献

{"title":"Differentiable simulation and optimization of particle-fluid flows using graph neural networks","authors":"Chengbo Liu ,&nbsp;Tingting Liu ,&nbsp;Kaiyuan Yang ,&nbsp;Kun Hong ,&nbsp;Xizhong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particle-fluid two-phase flow phenomena are prevalent in various engineering applications, including resource management and environmental hazard mitigation. Accurate modeling and control of these flows are crucial for optimizing system performance and preventing catastrophic events. In this study, we propose a novel approach that integrates the Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) to simulate complex particle-fluid interactions. A Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) framework is subsequently trained to capture these two-phase dynamics. The developed approach is validated through real-world experiments, demonstrating its effectiveness in practical scenarios. To optimize flow control structures, such as baffles or barriers, we develop an inverse design framework powered by the differentiable capability of GNNs. This framework efficiently explores the design space to minimize destructive flow behaviors and control the processes. The results show that this approach provides a powerful tool for designing resilient systems capable of optimizing the two-phase flows in various engineering contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the crushing characteristics of polymetallic nodules based on the single-tooth roller crusher","authors":"Peng Tang ,&nbsp;Baoqi Xie ,&nbsp;Guocheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Zhu ,&nbsp;Wenxian Wang ,&nbsp;Wenbo Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pipeline lifting mining systems have strict requirements for the transport particle size of polymetallic nodules, and the mined nodules generally require primary crushing treatment. This paper investigated the nodule crushing characteristics using the single-tooth roller crusher. The mineral composition and microstructure of nodules were investigated by the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectrometers. It was found that the kernel is predominantly composed of silicate minerals while the outer layer is mainly comprised of iron‑manganese oxides and hydroxides. The high porosity structure and low interfacial bonding strength lead to the low tensile strength. Based on slow compression tests and existing research data, the Tavares UFRJ breakage model parameters for nodules were calibrated and validated. Nodule crushing simulations under different initial particle sizes, discharge opening gaps, and rotational speeds were conducted. It was observed that the maximum particle size after crushing first increases and then decreases with the increase of initial particle size, but all are less than 40 mm; it increases approximately linearly with the increase of the discharge opening gap; and first increases and then decreases with the increase of rotational speed. The over-milled mass fraction shows a fluctuating upward trend with the increase of the initial particle size, a monotonically decreasing trend with the increase of the discharge opening gap, and a trend of first slightly decreasing and then slowly transitioning to a sharp increase with the increase of the rotational speed. These findings provide critical operational guidelines for deep-sea mining systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of process variables for industrially scalable encapsulation of salicylic acid in an environmentally friendly setting","authors":"Jimmy Sampedro-Guerrero ,&nbsp;Vanessa A. Avendaño ,&nbsp;Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas ,&nbsp;Carolina Clausell-Terol","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Encapsulated phytohormones are gaining attention as a novel palliative treatment for plants to cope with environmental stress. Exogenous treatments using encapsulated salicylic acid (SA) promote plant stress tolerance while enabling normal growth and development. Several methods exist to produce encapsulated active molecules, and recently, spray drying has emerged as a particularly appealing process for formulating these compounds. However, phytohormone encapsulation has not been properly established yet. In a previous study, silica/chitosan SA encapsulated samples were formulated at different ratios, and their physical, chemical, and kinetic characteristics were analyzed, resulting in a promising antifungal product. However, it is unknown whether the encapsulated SA is affected in its structure and, thus, in its properties due to the spray temperature. Therefore, to decrease the spray temperature, silica/chitosan SA samples were formulated using a water-acetone mixture, and their characteristics studied and compared with the samples previously formulated in water.</div><div>This study reveals the dispensability of using an organic solvent to reduce the spray-drying temperature during atomization, as the antifungal potential of the silica/chitosan-encapsulated SA samples does not improve. Acetone- and water-based encapsulates effectively inhibited the mycelial growth of two necrotrophic fungi (<em>Alternaria alternata</em> and <em>Penicillium digitatum</em>) by approximately 50 %. However, avoiding the use of organic solvents in the formulation mitigate associated issues such as environmental impact, safety, health and toxicity concerns, cost, regulatory compliance, material compatibility, and handling.</div><div>Furthermore, the water-based encapsulation process was optimized through a fractional randomized experimental design. Six process variables at two levels were selected: i) solid content, ii) milling speed, iii) milling time, iv) spray temperature, v) feed rate, and vi) airflow, resulting in 16 randomized experiments that allowed the establishment of optimal conditions for the encapsulation of SA. This optimization enables the reduction of raw material loss and production costs, fostering environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a high-efficiency ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agent incorporated with Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite","authors":"Yanting Zhou ,&nbsp;Junchao Zhao ,&nbsp;Tengfei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhilei Yu ,&nbsp;Yangyang Fu ,&nbsp;Yong Jiang ,&nbsp;Xudong Cheng ,&nbsp;Heping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the exceptional fire-suppressant capabilities of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agents, additional work is essential to improve their overall fire-extinguishing performance. In this investigation, we explored the utility of Fe³⁺ loaded ZSM-5 zeolite in enhancing the firefighting capabilities of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agents. The loading of transition ions Fe³⁺ onto the ZSM-5 zeolite was achieved through the ion solution exchange method. Interestingly, the loading of Fe element on Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite displayed a pattern of initial increase followed by decrease as the ion exchange time lengthened. Furthermore, the loading of Fe element on Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite was found to be influenced positively by the initial concentration of Fe³⁺ and pH levels. Impressively, under specific working conditions, the prepared Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite demonstrated a substantial Fe element loading of 5.82 %. Incorporation of ZSM-5 zeolite resulted in a 10.01 % enhancement in the fire-extinguishing efficiency of the ultrafine dry powder compared to undoped samples. Moreover, the incorporation of Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite has resulted in an enhancement of fire extinguishing efficiency by 20.45 % (S3), 24.20 % (S4), and 29.04 % (S5) in comparison to S1. These findings contribute to the understanding that the incorporation of Fe/ZSM-5 zeolite significantly enhances the fire extinguishing performance of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing agents, with extinguishing efficiency improving with increased Fe element loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121133"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cyclic loading rate on resilient modulus of coarse granular material","authors":"Shihao Huang ,&nbsp;Yu Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Resilient modulus is a critical metric for railroad track design and maintenance, as it governs track elastic deformation under repeated train loading. Previous research has examined the effects of loading frequency, deviator stress, and loading pulse shapes on ballast resilient modulus separately without integrating these factors together. A unified parameter could streamline the assessment of ballast resilient modulus and reduce the complexity of prediction models. This study explores the role of the cyclic loading rate (CLR), a newly proposed comprehensive index representing the rate of cyclic loading, in determining ballast resilient modulus. A total of 445 large-scale cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on ballast aggregates, considering variations in particle size distribution and loading pulse shapes, thereby creating a robust database for future model validation. The results obtained in this study show that effects of loading frequency, deviator stress, and loading pulse shapes on ballast resilient modulus can be attributed to CLR variation, demonstrating its potential as a reliable index for correlating with ballast resilient modulus. Based on the identified correlation between CLR and resilient modulus, a new prediction model incorporating CLR is proposed and validated. The proposed index of CLR offers valuable insights into the resilient modulus not only of railroad ballast but also of other granular materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of mixing ratio on flow characteristics of binary particles in a fluidized bed","authors":"Qiuqin Gou ,&nbsp;Dongmei Song ,&nbsp;Haokun Wu ,&nbsp;Shiqi Wen ,&nbsp;Guoding Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the flow characteristics of binary non-spherical particles in a gas-solid spouted bed is important to improve the process design of the equipment. In this paper, the effect of the volume fraction share of spherocylindrical particles versus spherical particles in a binary particle system on the particle fluidization mechanism inside a spouted bed is analyzed by CFD-DEM method. Particle forces, velocities, collisions, mixing, and concentration distribution characteristics were investigated through qualitative and quantitative perspectives, respectively. The results show that with the increase of the volume fraction of spherocylindrical particles in the binary particle system, the drag force of different types of particles increases and the average velocity decreases, which helps to improve the mixing rate of different types of particles, and the rotational velocity of spherocylindrical particles increases and the rotational velocity of spherocylindrical particles decreases, which accelerates the collision frequency of the particles tends to be in a stable state. Increasing the superficial gas velocity helps to increase particle drag force, mixing properties, and rotational velocity. However, the average velocity of the particles does not necessarily increase (e.g., <em>Vol</em> = 25 % and <em>Vol</em> = 50 %). In addition, the spherocylindrical particles contact force is significantly larger than the fluid-particle interaction force, and the values of the forces are, in descending order, particle contact force, pressure gradient force, drag force, virtual mass force, and lift force. Compared with the low bed layer, the particles in the high bed layer are more significantly affected by the gas flow perturbation and the flow is more active.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application optimization of bio-based dust suppression material using sisal leaves as raw material in open-pit coal mines: Molecular dynamics analysis and experimental research","authors":"Gang Zhou ,&nbsp;Qunzhi Meng ,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhao ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Guochao Yan ,&nbsp;Jingxu Chen ,&nbsp;Yinghui Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Open - pit mining generates substantial dust, causing environmental pollution and health threats. This study focuses on a novel dust suppressant, CMC - AA - AM - R. Synthesized with sisal extract fibers as the base, acrylic acid and acrylamide as monomers, and rhamnolipid as a wetting agent, it offers a potential solution to the dust problem in open - pit mining. The reaction's feasibility was verified via HOMO - LUMO molecular orbitals and Fukui functions. Through FTIR, TG - DSC, and SEM, the structure stability was analyzed, and performance was evaluated. Results show good performance metrics like a 34.7° contact angle, strong coal dust consolidation layer shell strength, and good wind resistance. Molecular analysis also reveals enhanced wettability and intermolecular interactions, highlighting the dust suppressant's potential practical value in open - pit mining dust control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate scale MPFEM modeling on thermal load of W and Cu composite coating","authors":"Junnan Li ,&nbsp;Peng Han ,&nbsp;Xizhong An ,&nbsp;Yufeng Fu ,&nbsp;Peng Xu ,&nbsp;Kun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the thermal loading process of two-dimensional W and Cu composite coating was simulated by multi-particle finite element method (MPFEM) from particulate scale. The initial random structure of the powder particles inside the coating, obtained by discrete element method (DEM), was input into FEM model where the mesh division of each W particle and Cu matrix was discretized. The effects of Cu content and temperature on thermal stress distribution and force transmission in the coating during thermal load were systematically analyzed. The results indicate that with the increase of Cu content, the thermal stress concentration area of the coating decreases under the same temperature, and the force chain structure becomes loose. When the coating with fixed Cu content is exposed to a thermal load at 600 K, the maximum thermal stress between W/Cu phases can reach 200 MPa. With the increase of temperature, the area and value of thermal stress concentration increase gradually. Large thermal stress appears in and around W particles with random loose structure, with a value of about 300 MPa. The internal stress of W particles with random dense arrangement is relatively small, with a value below 200 MPa. At the same time, the average internal stress of W particles is about 150 MPa, and the maximum difference between high and low thermal stresses can reach 230 MPa. The MPFEM model can well predict the thermal stress of composite coatings, which provides a more accurate and effective solution scheme for coating preparation and process optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Splashing of a gasoline-camellia oil droplet impacting its thin film on heated wall: Crown evolution","authors":"Guanqing Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Cui ,&nbsp;Zhiyu Li ,&nbsp;Enhua Zheng ,&nbsp;Lu Wang ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Jiangrong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass oil is increasingly recognized as a sustainable energy resource due to its low net carbon emissions, high energy density, and renewable properties. In the process of its atomization during combustion, oil droplet impact on heated wall is crucial. However, understanding the mixed fuel droplet impact on heated walls and splashing behavior remains insufficient. This study experimentally investigated the splashing behavior of a gasoline-camellia oil (GCO) droplet impacting its thin film on a heated wall, focusing on the crown evolution and its transition regimes to splashing. Its morphologies along with spreading velocities are characterized by considering the effects of Weber number (<em>We</em>), Ohnesorge number (<em>Oh</em>) and wall temperature. The transition regimes of crown morphology are further characterized in three typical diagrams. The results show that diameter evolution of the crown exhibits two patterns depending on its rupture, whereas its height evolution shows three distinct scenarios. A concise prediction correlation for spreading velocity was derived using a multiple power law function involving <em>We</em> and <em>Oh</em>. Morphology transition of the crown exhibits five typical patterns with distinct regular distribution in their respective diagrams, signifying the critical transition thresholds between them. These results provide a morphological basis for further investigation into the heat and mass transfer mechanisms involved in the process, thereby facilitating the effective utilization of biomass oil as a substitute for gasoline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"463 ","pages":"Article 121113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the effect of auxiliary airflow of the nasal spray Xhance on particle deposition in the nasal cavity","authors":"Hongxian Ren ,&nbsp;Pengfei Jiang ,&nbsp;Lixing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenbo Tong ,&nbsp;Ya Zhang ,&nbsp;Aibing Yu ,&nbsp;Baoming Ning ,&nbsp;Langui Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The bidirectional nasal drug delivery method driven by respiration has better global and local drug delivery performance. However, research on bidirectional delivery technology is still insufficient, lacking systematic studies and mechanism analysis. This study reconstructed two real nasal cavity models and a drug delivery device. In vitro experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to explore the influence of auxiliary airflow on particle deposition within the nasal cavity. This study comprehensively examined how airflow rate, nasal anatomy, and particle size distribution influence particle deposition across various regions of the nasal cavity. The results indicate that in the absence of auxiliary airflow, particle deposition of the child and adult was concentrated in the region before the middle turbinate. As the auxiliary airflow increases, deposition in the nasal septum decreases, while deposition in the nasal turbinate region continues to increase. In the child's nasal cavity, the airflow distribution is primarily along the middle and inferior nasal passages, whereas in the adult, it is predominantly along the middle nasal passage. Under the influence of auxiliary airflow, particles smaller than 30 μm tend to deposit more easily in the nasal cavity of children, whereas particles smaller than 15 μm are more effectively deposited in the adult nasal cavity. 0–5 μm particles promote deposition in the olfactory region, while particles in the 5–10 μm range favor deposition in the middle nasal turbinate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"462 ","pages":"Article 121119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}