Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Study of Frequency, Epidemiology of Nosocomial Infections in Healthcare Centres.","authors":"Neelam Saba, Wahied Khawar Balwan","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Infections are frequent complications of hospitalization. Nosocomial infections or healthcare associated infections or hospital acquired infections are endogenous or exogenous infections which a patient acquires either during hospitalization or soon after discharge from the hospital. Hospitals and hospital-like settings tend to gather many sick under one roof and hence, serve as a reservoir of numerous infectious agents. These overcrowded healthcare settings with inability to maintain hygienic conditions are threat not only to the patients but also to the healthcare workers. Increasing population of immune-compromised patients including the aged-ones, unsafe medical care, surgical procedure, injections, transplants are some of the major causes of spread of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections have severe adverse effects. It leads to emotional stress, functional disability and even death in certain cases. Mortality caused by nosocomial infections in India is more than any other form of accidental death. It also prolongs the hospital stays and adds to the economic burden of managing the underlying disease. The active cooperation of the Healthcare workers for better implementation of the existing preventive and control measures along with the technical advances will contribute much to fight against the nosocomial infections.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116660287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Study of Malaria Awareness among College & University Students in the Jammu Region","authors":"S. Bharti, Amrit Sudershan, Mayushi Gupta, Agar Chander Pushap","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria is a highly infectious disease responsible for the significant mortality and is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium. Different developed and developing nations have launched various initiatives to prevent diseases and eradicate them from society and for this understanding the disease and its various manifestations is crucial to achieving the goal of prevention and eradication. Aim: As a result, the current study was designed to investigate malaria knowledge or understanding among college/university students in the Jammu region in terms of their attitudes and practices toward malaria and its various dimensions. Method: For the current study, 400 students (undergraduate and graduate) were recruited, with an equal number of males and females in the age range of 18- 23 years. Result: According to the study's findings, young students' general awareness of malaria is below average, and no significant difference in knowledge of the diseases was observed between males and females. As a consequence, it was concluded that health education should be made mandatory in all educational institutions to promote student awareness, which may be enhanced through media such as television, newspapers, and social networks. Conclusion: The current study revealed that effective tactics and new methods are required for people to maintain proper awareness.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132528580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinonasal Non-Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report","authors":"Jules Kurian Mathew, S. Sundaram","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.007","url":null,"abstract":"We report here a 54 year male who presented with a complaint of left sided epistaxis for 5 days & a swelling on the hard palate palate for 8 years. CECT scan revealed a soft tissue lesion involving the hard palate and extending into the left maxillary sinus as well as both nasal cavities. Direct nasal endoscopic biopsy initially suggested an adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified. Immunohistochemistry delineated it as low-grade non-intestinal-type, which occur very uncommonly in the sinonasal region.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126255825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IgG4 Cholangitis Simulating Cholangiocarcinoma: A Diagnostic Trap","authors":"Chbourk S, Benelbarhdadi I, Lagdali N, Borahma M, Ajana F Z","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.005","url":null,"abstract":"IgG4‐related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4‐SC) is the biliary manifestation of IgG4‐related disease, systemic fibroinflammatory condition that is characterized by lesions with classical histopathological findings in involved organs. We presented a case of isolated IgG4‐SC with the normal serum IgG4 which was hard to differentiate with cholangiocarcinoma.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131853709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product Activity of Lactic acid Bacteria Isolated from Samples of New Born from Women and Children Hospital in Ramadi, Iraq","authors":"Mrs. Sara Imad Hajwal, Laith Muslih Najeeb","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.004","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve infants aged below six months were sampled from Women and Children Hospital of Ramadi, Iraq during the period April the 1st 2021 till October the 1st 2022. Infants were divided into two main groups; breast and bottle milk fed. Each group comprise three males and three females. Samples of feces were collected and lactobacillus specie were extracted. The extract was used once alone and another as a mixture with each of Amoxicillin, Amikacin and Cefixime antibiotics on petri dishes cultured with Staphylococcus, Klabsella and Psedudomonas bacteria. Diameter of inhibition was measure and resulted data were subjected to statistical analysis. The results of the statistical analysis showed that lactobacillus specie extract with the Cefixime has significantly highest mean diameter of inhibition compared to all other types of treatments. Infants who were on breast milk fed showed significantly better respond to the treatment than their counter part in the bottle milk fed group. Klabsella was found to respond weakly under almost all of the applied treatments.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124848897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report on Perinephric Abscess Caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Teena Jacob, Saumya, R, S. Padmaraj, Serene Varghese","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.003","url":null,"abstract":"Perinephric abscess is a rare life-threatening condition. It can complicate a urologic infection or occur secondary to hematogenous seeding. We report a case of a 49-year-old diabetic female who came to the outpatient department with complaints of right-sided abdominal pain for 2 days. It was associated with fever, headache, vomiting, and generalized weakness. Non-contrast computerized Tomography (NCCT) showed a subcapsular collection measuring 6.1× 5.7 × 4.4 cm noted adjacent to the lateral aspect of the right kidney. Following percutaneous nephrostomy, thick pus was drained from the abscess and sent for culture and sensitivity in the microbiology laboratory. Culture grew extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL) Klebsiella pneumoniae which was sensitive to Carbapenems, Piperacillin Tazobactam, Fluoroquinolones, Netilmicin, Amikacin, and Tetracycline. The patient improved on treatment with the appropriate antibiotics. Perinephric abscesses should be considered as a differential diagnosis of fever with abdominal pain or flank pain since its non-specific nature can delay the diagnosis. Underlying diabetes mellitus (DM), urinary tract abnormalities, and immunodeficiency should be considered in a patient with a perinephric abscess. Ultrasonography (USG) and Computerized Tomography with contrast enhancement are crucial for diagnosis. The drainage of the abscess, either percutaneous or open, should be done. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a frequent cause of perinephric abscesses and mostly follows a complicated urinary tract infection. With high mortality rates, early diagnosis, and effective treatment of perirenal abscesses are required to improve the prognosis of patients.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121162941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Antimicrobial Resistance among Enterococcus Species in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital","authors":"Nirali Naranbhai Radadiya, Khushi Shah, S. Mehta","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.002","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was carried out to isolate and identify Enterococcus species from clinical samples and to analyse the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Enterococcus Species. All clinical samples which were received in Microbiology laboratory were included in the study. A total of 2958 samples were received. These 129 Enterococci isolates were obtained over a period of 1 year from various samples namely, urine, blood, pus. Samples were processed for microscopy and culture as per the standard guidelines. all samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar and Blood agar. Identification and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates were carried out by automated system. i.e. VITEK 2 Compact. Out of 2958 samples, Total 129 samples showed growth of enterococci. Out of 129 isolates, 84 were Enterococcus spp, 18 were E.faecalis, 16 were E.faceium. Out of total 129 samples, 76 samples were of males and 53 were of females. Most common samples from which enterococci were isolated was urine accounting for 85 followed by Pus accounting for 15. Medicine department showed the highest isolates with 88. Out of 129 Enterococci 64 showed resistance to primary line of drug like Benzyl penicillin, 79 Enterococci showed resistance to Ampicillin. Out of 129 enterococci 70 showed resistance to secondary line of drug like tetracycline,59 isolates showed resistance to High level Gentamycin, 41 isolates showed resistance to Vancomycin,23 isolates showed resistance to Linezolid. The strains of Enterococci were multidrug resistant. Anitibiotic selection should be done judiciously based on the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the organism.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133612058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solitary Juvenile Polyp Presenting as an Ileo-Ileal Intussusception in an Infant: A Case Report","authors":"G. C., S. Sundaram","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i06.001","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) was first described in 1964. It is a rare (approximately one in every 100,000 individuals) autosomal dominant disease that is characterized by the occurrence of several juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. Juvenile polyp is a specific type of hamartomatous polyp. The term ‘juvenile’ refers to the polyp histology rather than the age of onset of the polyp. An isolated juvenile polyp is not diagnostic of JPS and occurs in approximately 2% of children and adolescents. Here we present a case of a 7 month old baby boy who presented with recurrent vomiting and abdominal pain and on examination revealed RIF mass and tenderness. Clinically, the diagnosis of intussusception was suspected and confirmed on sonographic examination. Exploration of the abdomen revealed ileo-ileal intussusception. Further, Juvenile polyp was identified by the presence of cystically dilated glands lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium, filled with secretions, abundance of edematous lamina propria with inflammatory cells on histopathological examination. The relevance of this case report lies on the fact that appearance of juvenile polyp in ileum is rare.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123316504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standard 12-Core Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy, a Useful Tool in Screening for Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Study in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Abudu, A. Ukpong, Elijah A. Udoh, O. E. Akaiso, U. A. Fabian, I. Kudamnya, C. N. Okuku, F. Uduma, O. Motilewa, Sunday Mkpouto Ekpedeme, OluwasayoOmolara Abudu, Otobong Okpoho Peters, Oscar Asuquo Collins","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i05.002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Guided prostate biopsy is still relevant in confirming the diagnosis of suspected prostate cancer. Objective: This study evaluated the role of Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) guided biopsy along with histopathological evaluation in the detection of prostate cancer on the basis of abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) findings and elevated prostate specific antigen levels (PSA). Participants and Methods: This prospective study was undertaken among consenting men aged 40 years and above screened for prostate cancer at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital using targeted, stepwise protocol including DRE, PSA and standard 12-core transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy technique. Biopsy samples were sent for histopathological evaluation. Findings were documented, analyzed and presented in tables and figures. Results: Among 437 participants, abnormal DRE findings, elevated PSA level above 4.0 ng/ml and abnormal TRUS findings were 17.2%, 21.1%, and 17.3% respectively. Of 44 participants who had prostate biopsies with histopathologic assessment, benign prostatic diseases were 24 cases (54.5%), slightly outnumbering malignant prostatic diseases seen in 20 (45.5%).The prostate cancer detection and prevalence rates were 45.5% and 4.6% respectively. Prostatic adenocarcinoma (45.5%), nodular hyperplasia (45.5%), basal cell hyperplasia (6.8%) and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (2.2%) were identified histologic subtypes. Nodular hyperplasia was commonly associated with chronic prostatitis (80.0%). A significant association between DRE findings, outline of prostate, and tumour subtype was ascertained. Conclusion: Targeted screening protocol encompassing TRUS guided 12- core biopsy is a final arbiter in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and has a fairly high prostate cancer detection rate of 45.5%.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124533231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Infections of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device in Saudi Arabia","authors":"S. Noor, Kholoud Aljoudi, Naeem Shoaibi, Khadijah Magrabi, Mohammed I. Mosaad, Ahmed Alfagih","doi":"10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjpm.2023.v08i05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections are increasing worldwide due to the increased use of implantable cardiac devices. (CIED) infection is a serious complication that is associated with increased mortality and morbidity as well as increased healthcare costs. However, risk factors for infection of implanted devices are poorly documented in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to determine risk factors for CIED infection in our region. Methods and Results: A retrospective study was carried out in cardiology departments at different centers in Saudi Arabia. Our population consisted of all patients with device-related infections over twenty years from January 2009 to December 2020 with one control case matched to each confirmed infection of the implanted device, resulting in 137 patients with device infection. The mean age was 58±16 years, where males constituted 75.2%. Most infections occurred in patients with the first implant. (63.5%) patients had chronic kidney disease, (59.9%) of patients had diabetes mellitus, (65%) of patients had hypertension, and (43.1%) of patients had coronary artery disease. Most of the patients had a pocket infection. Preop antibiotics were obtained in all patients before implanting. The median time from the last surgical intervention involving the device to infection symptoms was 730 days. The median length of hospitalization was 27±23 days. 130 patients survived at the time of discharge, resulting in an overall mortality rate of 5.1%. Using Multivariate analysis, we identified male gender (P = 0.000), hypertension HTN (P = 0.002), diabetes DM (P = 0.006), and presence of underlying heart disease CHD (P = 0.000) Type of the device (P = 0.000) as significantly associated with a higher risk of CIED infection. Conclusion: Our data show that gender, diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease are independent risk factors for infection after cardiac device implantation. As regards device characteristics, ICD device is associated with a higher infection rate compared to other devices.","PeriodicalId":407259,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Journal of Pathology and Microbiology","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123432116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}