Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems最新文献

{"title":"A groupware engine using UIMS methodologies (abstract)","authors":"Lever Wang","doi":"10.1145/169059.169202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169202","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a groupware engine running under Microsoft's Windows developed using a User Interface Management System (UIMS). This groupware engine will demonstrate some of the important groupware features such as concurrency control, security, view control, and how these features are best implemented using a UIMS. By demonstrating these features in a groupware engine the advantages of applying the UIMS methodology will become self evident, as well as, the need for such a methodology. The main purpose of a UIMS is to separate the user interface code from the application code. This idea suits the groupware concept very well, since most of the groupware applications are built around a central host with UI clients distributed across a local area network, or worse yet, accessible only via a low-bandwidth modem line. With this in mind, we have developed a strategy for utilizing the following UIMS models to build the groupware: * Presentation Model-In this product this mcxlel is built around a SQL-based predicate engine which is used for view control, as well as, spontaneous user feedback from different UI clients in a work group. This model is based on classes defined in the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) library, but the actual application and semantic feedback from the user interface is handled by derived classes from the MFC library developed by us. * Dialog Model-The dialog language is C++ which is the same programming language as the UIMS applications, Microsoft C++ Version 7.0. Additional classes were added to describe sequential, multiple-threaded dialogs, and the state machine for other dialog models. We believe UIMS/Groupware application programmers do not want to learn another programming language, and that object-oriented paradigm should be the foundation for all dialog models in UIMS world. * Application Model-In this product the key component of this mcdel is the SQL-predicate engine. All applications communicate with the user interface modules through this simple database management system. This groupware engine utilizes the predicate engine for security and concurrency control when multiple users in a work group are all controlled from a single database management system. The groupware engine is implemented using a clientkerver architecture to minimize CPU latency. The server in this groupware engine is the database engine. There are two types of clients in this engine. One type is the UI client which serves the presentation and dialog models, and resides on the local UI machine (vs. the host machine for …","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133338611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ALFRESCO interactive system (abstract)","authors":"O. Stock","doi":"10.1145/169059.169515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169515","url":null,"abstract":"This work is aimed at building a dialogue system in which natural language is the basic communication channel, but the computer is seen as an active agent that allows a multimedia type interaction. In this way the means of communication are amplified, with the possibility of refering to images and other texts. ALFRESCO is an interactive system for a user interested in frescoes. It runs on a SUN 4 connected to a videodisc unit and a touchscreen. The particular videodisc in use includes images about Fourteenth Century Italian frescoes and monuments. The system, beside understanding and using language, shows images and combines film sequences. Images are active in that the user may refer to items by combining pointing with the use of linguistic demonstratives; for example, the user can point to a detail of a fresco and say “can I see another painting representing thisA saint ?“ Also, the system’s linguistic output includes buttons that allow the user to enter in an hypertextual modality. The dialog may cause zooming into details or changing the focus of attention into other frescoes. The overall aim is not only to provide information, but also to promote other masterpieces that may attract the user. The knowledge of the system is represented as: ● a KB expressed in a KLOne-like language used for defining everything the system can reason about frescoes, monuments, painters, contents of frescoes, towns etc. and providing the base for ALFRESCO’s deductive inference capabilities; c a NoteCards hypermedia network containing unformalized knowledge such as art critics’ opinions on the paintings and their authors. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is grantad provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission. Q 1993 ACM 0-89791 -575-5193 /000410523 . ..S1 .50 The system is based on several linguistic modules such as: a) a chart-based parser able to deal with flexible expressions and in particular idiomatic forms and some kinds of ill-formed inpu~ b) a semantic analyzer able to disambiguate the sentence in the given domain through interaction with the parseq c) a component that builds the logical form interacting with the KB; d) a topic component that takes into account also deixis (references to images); e) a pragmatic component, substantially based on a model of the interest of the use~ f.) a natural language generator that takes into account the user’s interest model. The generated output is in the form of an hypertextual card the text is enriched with dynamically generated buttons that the user can click to get more information and explore “the surroundings”. The interaction of hypermediality with AI and NLP technology opens a wide range of new per","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121166516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPACT (abstract): interactive motion picture authoring system for creative talent","authors":"H. Ueda, T. Miyatake, S. Yoshizawa","doi":"10.1145/169059.169518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169518","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION We are developing a multimedia authoring system, called IMPACT [1]. It is not easy for non-professionaf users to get good quality motion pictures and to edit them, for instance, in order to create multimedia presentations that express their concepts. To make this kind of tasks feasible for everyone, image-recognition technology is applied. Visualization of the structure of motion pictures is also very important [2]. A couple of visualization technique are developed for time axis editing.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121264110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agentsheets: a tool for building domain-oriented visual programming environments","authors":"A. Repenning","doi":"10.1145/169059.169119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169119","url":null,"abstract":"Visual programming systems are supposed to simplify programming by capitalizing on innate human spatial reasoning skills. I argue that: (i) good visual programming environments should be oriented toward their application domains, and (ii) tools to build domain-oriented environments are needed because building such environments from scratch is very difficult. The demonstration illustrates how the visual programming system builder called Agentsheets addresses these issues and demonstrates several applications built using Agentsheets.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124612966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How fluent is your interface?: designing for international users","authors":"P. Russo, Stephen Boor","doi":"10.1145/169059.169274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169274","url":null,"abstract":"To successfully build bridges between worlds, user interface designers must increase their awareness of cross-cultural differences, and make changes to the traditional software development process. Creating fluent interfaces for international markets goes beyond translating text and date, time, and number formats. This paper presents and explains a cross-cultural checklist of issues including text, local formats, images, symbols, colors, flow, and product functionality. Suggestions for an effective international product development cycle are provided. The suggested development cycle incorporates international design feedback and usability testing before the initial product is released.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124662048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human cognition research laboratory: the Open University (U.K.)","authors":"M. Eisenstadt","doi":"10.1145/169059.169069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169069","url":null,"abstract":"The Open University is the UKS largest University and also its largest publisher. Our specialty is ‘multimedia distance teaching’ via texts, TV programrnes (we have our own dedicated BBC studio/production centre on campus), radio, cassettes, videos, computers, ‘home experiment kits’ (e.g. chemistry labs, reek samples, etc.). Over 80,000 undergraduates are currently enrolled, as well as over 40,000 Continuing Education students (the former study for a B.A. degree, whereas the latter just take isolated courses). There are no entrance requirements, but strict standards are maintained by external examiners from other universities who assist with the assessment of final examinations. More than 2,000,000 people have now studied with the OU in one or other of its progmmmes. Approximately 20,000 students each year are involved with courses that have a ‘home computing’ element. A special government scheme helps to keep costs low so that computers are accessible to all students (by loan or rental, if necessary).","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124059810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From “folklore” to “living design memory”","authors":"L. Terveen, P. Selfridge, David Long","doi":"10.1145/169059.169062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169062","url":null,"abstract":"We identify an important type of software design knowledge that we call community specific folklore and show problems with current approaches to managing it. We built a tool that serves as a living design memory for a large software development organization. The tool delivers knowledge to developers effectively and is embedded in organizational practice to ensure that the knowledge it contains evolves as necessary. This work illustrates important lessons in building knowledge management systems, integrating novel technology into organizational practice, and managing research-development partnerships.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126868240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploding the interface: experiences of a CSCW network","authors":"J. Bowers, T. Rodden","doi":"10.1145/169059.169205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169205","url":null,"abstract":"The development of human computer interaction has been dominated by the interface both as a design concept and as an artefact of computer systems. However, recently researchers have been re-examining the role of the interface in the user's interaction with the computer. This paper further examines the notion of the interface in light of the experiences of the authors in establishing a network to support cooperative work. The authors argue that the concept of the single interface which provides a focus for interaction with a computer system is no longer tenable and that richer conceptions of the inter-relationships between users and computer systems are needed.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117261327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning for multiple task work: an analysis of a medical reception worksystem","authors":"B. Hill, J. Long, Walter Smith, A. Whitefield","doi":"10.1145/169059.169250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169250","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an investigation of interactive worksystem planning in the multiple task work domain of medical reception. In an observational study of a medical reception worksystem, three different types of plan were identified: the task plan, the procedure plan and the activity plan. These three types of plan were required for effective working in the domain of medical reception, because of the many similar concurrent tasks, the frequency of behaviour switching between tasks, the frequency of behaviour switching between tasks and the need for consistency within the worksystem. It is proposed, therefore, that to design effective interactive human-computer worksystems for the domain of medical reception (and possibly for other work domains of a similar nature), the designer must specify the three different types of plan and the relationships between them. The three types of plan in medical reception are discussed in the context of design issues such as the allocation of planning structures.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"18 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132969405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing high-level control and expert assistance in the user interface presentation design","authors":"Won Chul Kim, J. Foley","doi":"10.1145/169059.169346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/169059.169346","url":null,"abstract":"Current user interface builders provide only low-level assistance, because they have knowledge of neither the application, nor the principles by which interface elements are combined effectively. We have developed a framework that unites the knowledge components essential for effective user interface presentation design. The framework consists of an application model (both a data model and a control model), a design process model that supports top-down iterative development, and graphic design knowledge that is used both to place dialog box elements such that their application dependent logical relationships are visually reinforced and to control design symmetry and balance. To demonstrate the framework's viability, we have constructed a tool based on encapsulated design knowledge that establishes high-level style preferences and provides expert assistance for the dialog box presentation design and menu structuring.","PeriodicalId":407219,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130231555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}