Polymer最新文献

{"title":"Influence of sodium ion content on the structure and mechanical properties of polyethylene-methacrylic acid ionomers","authors":"Jiaqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Cao ,&nbsp;Li Peng ,&nbsp;Gang Sun ,&nbsp;Xianbo Huang ,&nbsp;Quan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionomers, such as neutralized ethylene-methacrylic acid (EMAA) copolymers, are widely used materials whose mechanical properties are governed by the interplay between crystalline domains and ionic aggregates. In this study, we systematically investigate how varying the degree of neutralization affects the crystallization kinetics and mechanical performance of EMAA ionomers. Our results show that increasing neutralization reduces the mobility of ionic associations, leading to suppressed crystallization. Notably, the tradeoff between physical crosslinking and crystallization determines the material's creep and tensile resistances, and an optimal degree of neutralization has been identified where the highest creep resistance, yield resistance, and toughness have been achieved. In particular, the flow-induced breakup of ionic associations appears to be responsible for the sample toughening before the slip of the crystalline lamellae. These findings provide insights into the design of ionomer materials with tailored mechanical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129152"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal cross-linking mechanism of polyhydroxyalkanoates with vinyl unit in their side chains","authors":"Sumire Ogura ,&nbsp;Jobu Tateiwa ,&nbsp;Taizo Kabe ,&nbsp;Yuki Miyahara ,&nbsp;Takeharu Tsuge ,&nbsp;Tadahisa Iwata","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly[(<em>R</em>)-3-hydroxybutyrate-<em>co</em>-(<em>R</em>)-3-hydroxy-4-pentenoate] (P(3HB-<em>co</em>-3H4PE)), a microbial polyester containing an unsaturated group (vinyl group) in the side chain, was employed to prepare cross-linked materials. Upon testing UV-induced and heat-induced cross-linking, it was found that P(3HB-<em>co</em>-3H4PE) undergoes thermal cross-linking without cross-linking agent in crystal region. The thermal cross-linking occurs within a specific temperature range below the melting point and only when crystals are present in the material. As a result of the cross-linking effect, the strength of the material was improved. Since no cross-linking occurs at temperatures above the melting point, like other polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers, it is possible to process it by molding, and post-cross-linking can further enhance the material's strength. The cross-linking of this PHA with an unsaturated group will likely open up the possibility for even stronger or higher heat resistance PHA materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored PVDF–CNC–BiFeO3 electrospun nanocomposites for hybrid energy harvesting: comprehensive investigation into microstructural and electromechanical behavior","authors":"Sreelakshmi Moozhiyil Purushothaman ,&nbsp;Chitra Lekha C S ,&nbsp;Maïté Fernandes Tronco ,&nbsp;Marc Ponçot ,&nbsp;Sabu Thomas ,&nbsp;Nandakumar Kalarikkal ,&nbsp;Isabelle Royaud ,&nbsp;Didier Rouxel","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated electrospun Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) incorporated with cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and bismuth ferrite (BiFeO₃, BFO) to develop a bi-filler nanocomposite membrane for mechanical energy harvesting and sensing applications. The combined influence of electrospinning and nanofillers on crystallinity ratio and β phase formation is studied in detail using a comparative approach. From the analysis of dynamic dielectric responses, changes were observed in interfacial polarization with filler addition, contributing to a deeper understanding of the complex interactions in triphasic nanocomposites. Additionally, the morphology, ferroelectric, and mechanical properties of the nanofibers were also characterized. The practical potential of PVDF–CNC–BFO nanocomposites was demonstrated through the fabrication of piezoelectric and piezo-triboelectric hybrid nanogenerators. The piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) based on the bi-filler nanocomposite exhibited a maximum power density of 544 μW/cm³, excellent durability, and capacitor-charging capability. It responded efficiently to diverse mechanical stimuli, including various human motions and cantilever vibrations. The piezo-triboelectric hybrid nanogenerator (PTNG) generated an average open-circuit voltage of 72 V and a short-circuit current of 15 μA under finger tapping, sufficient to power small electronic devices. When integrated with a spring-based structure, the PTNG demonstrated potential for applications such as monitoring road conditions and harvesting energy during vehicle motion. This validated its ability to function as a next-generation self-powered sensor and portable energy harvester.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129155"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145189408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of fiber modification on the mechanical properties of solution-cast Poly(vinyl chloride) films reinforced by aramid fibers","authors":"Adekunle L. Omoniyi ,&nbsp;Kushal Panchal ,&nbsp;Roozbeh Mafi ,&nbsp;Li Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study compared the effectiveness of three fiber treatment methods for reinforcing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with aramid fibers. Two of them used phosphoric and nitric acids, respectively, the latter of which was introduced for the first time. Acid etching roughens the fiber surface for increased friction and mechanical interlocking with PVC. The third approach treated fibers with a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/potassium hydroxide (KOH) deprotonation procedure. A more streamlined procedure was introduced in this study which omitted alkyl functionalization in favor of ethanol precipitation. Deprotonation disrupts the crystalline structure in the fibers and unbundle them into aramid nanofibers (ANFs). All treatment procedures lead to substantial improvements in composite mechanical properties. Compared with phosphorous acid, treatment by nitric acid results in higher tensile strength and Young's modulus. Composites with ANFs show highest tensile strength among all cases. Fractography reveals distinct failure mechanisms between composites with acid-treated fibers versus those with ANFs. The acid-treated fibers exhibit interfacial delamination during material failure, indicating that enhanced composite strength is mainly attributed to stronger interfacial forces. In contrast, ANFs do not carry load in the same way as the original fibers do, but their smaller dimensions allow nanoscale dispersion, which can suppress microcrack formation during deformation. Our systematic evaluation of fiber treatment options provides critical insights for tailoring fiber-matrix interactions in non-reactive thermoplastic systems, advancing the application potential of flexible PVC in load-bearing environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction-based trade-off analysis of polymer membranes for organic solvent reverse osmosis of hydrocarbons","authors":"Young Joo Lee ,&nbsp;Janhavi Nistane ,&nbsp;Rampi Ramprasad ,&nbsp;Ryan P. Lively","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Performance trade-off analysis of polymeric membrane materials obtained via experimental studies has been used to select materials for challenging separations and to identify opportunities for innovation. These types of analyses not only highlight the potential and limitations of polymer membranes in different separation applications, but also serve as a reference for guiding the development of new membrane materials and modules. Despite the growing interest in organic solvent reverse osmosis (OSRO) using polymer membranes, a standardized separation performance trade-off curve for OSRO has yet to emerge, primarily due to the limited number of studies in this area. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive indicator that reflects the potential separation capabilities of polymer membranes for various organic solvent mixtures. In this study, we generate these performance trade-off curves for &gt;800 polymer structures and three different solvent-solvent separations using a predictive model. Existing data in the literature and new data are used to validate some of the predictions in this work. As OSRO performance is often described in terms of engineering parameters such as permeance and separation factor, we also explore the impact of factors such as permeation resistance in the support layer and the impact of osmotic pressure on separation efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-end-group hydrogen bonding modulates crystallization and polymorphic transition of poly(butylene adipate)","authors":"Cong Chen,&nbsp;Xue-Wei Wei,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Meng,&nbsp;Tianyu Wu,&nbsp;Hai-Mu Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Telechelic poly(butylene adipate) (PBA) bearing terminal 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPy) moieties was synthesized to investigate hydrogen bond-mediated melt crystallization and crystal transition behavior. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray diffraction revealed that quadruple hydrogen-bonding interactions among UPy moieties significantly suppressed the overall crystallinity and altered polymorphic selectivity. Compared to hydroxyl-terminated PBA (HPBA), UPy-terminated PBA (UPBA) exhibited an expanded temperature window for forming the thermodynamically stable <em>α</em>-crystal and a broader <em>α</em>/<em>β</em> crystals coexistence region during isothermal crystallization, indicating retarded <em>β</em>-crystal growth kinetic advantage. UPy end groups enhanced the melt memory effect by stabilizing mesomorphic structure, widening the self-nucleation domain (Domain <em>IIa</em>). <em>In situ</em> temperature-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation demonstrated that the hydrogen-bonding interactions among terminal UPy moieties are sensitive to the melting and crystallization process of PBA. Critically, the slow increase in UPy hydrogen-bonding intensity coinciding with <em>β</em>-crystal melting, followed by a sharp decrease during <em>α</em>-crystal formation, provided direct evidence that the <em>β</em> to <em>α</em> crystal transition in UPBA predominantly follows a melt-recrystallization mechanism rather than a solid-solid transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking intrinsic thermal conductivity in BioBased liquid crystal epoxy and enabling alkali-developable photocurable dielectric coatings from epoxidized daidzein","authors":"Pan Tian ,&nbsp;Weiyouran Hong ,&nbsp;Yisen Huang ,&nbsp;Wanjing Liu ,&nbsp;Shengdu Yang ,&nbsp;Xin Sun ,&nbsp;Junhua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of biobased renewable resources is expected to alleviate the threat to the ecological environment and the obstacles to sustainable development caused by relying on fossil fuels. Here, based on biobased daidzein (DD) with rigid benzene rings and two hydroxyl groups was firstly prepared into epoxy compound (DDDE) by reacting with epichlorohydrin. Daidzein is a liquid crystal mesogen, by curing with 1,5-naphthalene diamine (NDA) in the liquid crystal state, the locally ordered structure can be preserved, thereby exhibiting intrinsic thermal conductivity characteristics. The curing system DDDE/NDA₁₀₅ (105 means cured at 105 °C) under liquid crystal phase obtained better thermal conductivity (λ = 0.34 W/(m·K)), storage modulus (G’ = 2548 MPa), and glass transition temperature (T_g = 230 °C) than E51/NDA. On the other hand, photocurable alkali developer resin (DDAT) was synthesized by DDDE with acrylic acid (AA) and tetrahydro phthalic anhydride (THPA), and subsequently, a series of DDAT/DDDE/filler composite inks were prepared. Finally, the C8:2 ink stands out on PCB with the comprehensive performance of tensile strength (53.67 ± 1.41 MPa), elongation of fracture (4.11 ± 0.23 %), G’ (3761 MPa), T_g (227 °C), and dielectric constant (3.54 at 100 Hz). The present work broadens the application of bio-based daidzein in high-performance inherently thermally conductive epoxy resins and alkaline developing photocuring inks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of shear and extensional rheology between entangled star and linear polystyrenes with the same span molecular weight","authors":"Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Yinrui Wang ,&nbsp;Valerian Hirschberg ,&nbsp;Hui Shen ,&nbsp;Teng Cui ,&nbsp;Qian Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonlinear shear and extensional rheology of entangled star polystyrenes (PS) are compared with those of linear PS with the same span molecular weight to investigate their different dynamics. During transient startup shear flow, 8 or 10-arm star PS exhibits a more pronounced stress decay following the stress overshoot and a larger peak strain compared to linear PS, while 3-arm star PS displays a nonlinear shear response nearly identical to that of linear PS. No significant differences are observed between the star and linear PS in stress relaxation after step strain; all samples exhibit similar nonlinear damping behavior, which aligns well with the Doi-Edwards prediction. In extensional flow, the 8- or 10-arm star PS shows more strain hardening but approaches a similar steady stress at large strain compared to the linear PS, while the 3-arm star and linear PS behave almost same. This difference is attributed to heterogeneous entanglement density of multi-arm star polymers. These findings provide valuable guidance for the molecular design of star-shaped polymers with tailored nonlinear rheological properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinematic interplay of homopolymer crystallization with stereocomplex formation in poly(l-lactic acid) / poly(d-lactic acid) blends having asymmetric compositions 1. Effects of molecular weights of polymers","authors":"Supanont Jamornsuriya ,&nbsp;Hideaki Takagi ,&nbsp;Shinichi Sakurai","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(lactic acid) is a biobased polymer and a promising material to contribute sustainability. Many reports have been published to improve its mechanical and thermal properties. Among them, crystallization behaviors are one of the main topics. It is known that equimolar mixing of poly(<span>l</span>-lactic acid)/poly(<span>d</span>-lactic acid) (PLLA/PDLA) forms stereocomplex crystal (SC), in addition to the crystallization of these individual homopolymer moieties. In this study, effects of blend composition were investigated to understand the roles of the excess moiety in the PLLA/PDLA blends having asymmetric compositions. For this purpose, DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), POM (polarizing optical microscopy), and WAXD (wide-angle X-ray diffraction) measurements have been conducted. One of the significant results is a remarkably high amount formation of homocrystal (HC) in the 20/80 blend, which contributes the total degree of crystallinity (χ_total = χ_SC + χ_HC) where χ_SC and χ_HC denote the crystallinity of SC and HC, respectively. This further may contribute prevention of thermal contraction of the blend specimens at temperature below 100 °C when χ_total exceeds 50 %. Since it is considered that the 50/50 blend is the best to attain the maximum crystallinity, the experimental result showing the maximum crystallinity of the 20/80 blend is surprising. Furthermore, for the opposed composition, i.e., the 80/20 blend, the total crystallinity is not so high. Namely, it was found that the dependencies of χ_total, χ_SC, χ_HC, and the growth rate of the spherulite as a function of the blend composition exhibited asymmetric features. This result suggests that the excess moiety in the biased blend (i.e., 20/80 vs. 80/20) did not play completely an identical role. It is speculated that the subtle difference in the molecular weights of PLLA and PDLA samples used in this study may even ascribe to the asymmetric tendency of the effects of the blend composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"340 ","pages":"Article 129142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of pH-responsive PVDF membrane and investigation of the synergistic anti-fouling and self-cleaning mechanism via “hydration layer & steric hindrance” and “acid washing-alkaline washing”","authors":"Meng Yan ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Zhiyou Pu ,&nbsp;Feng Yan ,&nbsp;Benqiao He ,&nbsp;Biao Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with hydrophilicity and pH-responsiveness was prepared by grafting chitosan (CS). The pH-responsiveness refers to a property of the membrane to undergo controlled and reversible changes in its structure, physical, and chemical properties in response to variations in the environmental pH. For comparison, polyethyleneglycol 400 (PEG400), which is hydrophilic but not pH-responsive, was introduced onto the membrane surface as a control. The differences in parameters were compared among the modified membranes, including surface charge, hydration layer properties and anti-fouling performance against calcium sulfate (CaSO₄). The effect of the conformation change in CS on foulant removal was investigated in the pH range of 2–12. The results showed that the thickest hydration layer (205.43 nm) was formed on the surface of G3, which effectively inhibits the adhesion of foulants to the membrane surface. In addition, G3 exhibited superior anti-fouling and self-cleaning performance during the “acid washing (pH = 2)-alkaline washing (pH = 12)” process, as evidenced by the flux recovery rate of 98.95 %, the total flux decline rate of 18.74 % and the irreversible fouling rate of only 1.05 %. Based on differences in CaSO₄ agglomeration behavior and removal efficiency among the membranes, the synergistic mechanism of anti-fouling and self-cleaning based on “hydration layer &amp; steric hindrance” and “acid washing-alkaline washing” was proposed. This study laid the foundation for the preparation of membranes with high anti-fouling performance using CaSO₄ as a model foulant. The proposal of the synergistic mechanism can provide new insights into the efficient removal of foulants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}