IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128433

Xuelian Liu , Qian Li , Yuying Zheng , Weijie Zheng

{"title":"Polypropylene assisted phase separation nylon-6 antistatic composites: MWCNTs-NH2 and CB-NH2 as hybrid conductive nanofillers","authors":"Xuelian Liu , Qian Li , Yuying Zheng , Weijie Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antistatic nylon-6 (PA6) composites have attracted considerable attention due to their tailored properties for electronics, textiles, and automotive applications. In this paper, the antistatic PA6 composites comprising with polypropylene (PP), aminated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>) and aminated carbon black (CB–NH<sub>2</sub>) were prepared by melt blending and compression molding. In the composite system, PP was used as the co-matrix to assist the phase separation of PA6. MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub> and CB-NH<sub>2</sub> were introduced as conductive fillers. All composites showed good thermal stability with the T<sub>5 %</sub> higher than 376 °C and the composites containing fillers showed higher residues after thermal degradation due to the good thermal stability of MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub> and CB-NH<sub>2</sub>. The DSC and XRD results indicated that the crystallization properties of the composite materials were determined by PA6 and PP rather the conductive fillers. In general, the introduction of conductive fillers decreased the mechanical properties but effectively improved the conductivity of the composites and then the antistatic properties. Besides, the antistatic analysis and mechanical test denoted that MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub> and CB-NH<sub>2</sub> showed synergistic effect on improving the antistatic and mechanical properties of the composites, which was more evident at high MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub> quantity. The micromorphologies obtained by SEM first confirmed the ductile fracture of these composites, and then disclosed a two-phase structure of PA6 and PP polymer matrix, where the conductive fillers were found in the PA6 phase. Considering both mechanical and antistatic properties, the composite (PCNB-3) containing both 3 phr MWCNTs-NH<sub>2</sub> and CB-NH<sub>2</sub> was proposed for the antistatic PA6 composite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 128433"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photophysical analysis of prolonged UV irradiation-induced delayed luminescence of semi-aromatic polyimides and its relation to oxygen permeability 半芳香族聚酰亚胺长时间紫外光致延迟发光的光物理分析及其与透氧性的关系

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128425

Marina Doi, Haonan Liu, Shinji Ando

{"title":"Photophysical analysis of prolonged UV irradiation-induced delayed luminescence of semi-aromatic polyimides and its relation to oxygen permeability","authors":"Marina Doi, Haonan Liu, Shinji Ando","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Six types of photoluminescent polyimides (PIs) and co-polyimides (co-PIs) were synthesized to clarify the requirements for PIs that exhibit prolonged UV irradiation-induced delayed luminescence (PIDL). PIDL is a form of phosphorescence (PH) observed after ground-state oxygen (<sup>3</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) is gradually excited to singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) <em>via</em> energy transfer from triplet excitons of the phosphor under continuous irradiation. When 4,4'-oxydiphthalic dianhydride (ODPA), which has an ether linkage, is used as a luminescent unit, dilution of the phosphor unit by copolymerization with non-luminescent dianhydrides is effective in exhibiting strong PH as well as PIDL emission. However, PIs derived from ODPA emit only a weak PH without PIDL, which is caused by thermal deactivation owing to their flexible structure. Thus, four types of PIs were synthesized using luminescent dibenzothiophene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (DBSA) having a rigid thiophene core. Two types of PIs exhibited PIDL at room temperature in air when coated with polyvinyl alcohol as an oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) barrier. This is the first report of PIs with PIDL emission, indicating that preventing O<sub>2</sub> permeation allows sufficient reduction of <sup>3</sup>O<sub>2</sub>, which is necessary for exhibiting PIDL. In addition, these two PIs exhibited different PIDL intensities and induction time, which is the elapsed time required to exhibit the PIDL, depending on the O<sub>2</sub> permeability and lifetime of <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> within the PI films. These results clarify that PIs derived from a suitable combination of luminescent and non-luminescent dianhydrides can exhibit obvious PIDL while maintaining high thermal resistance and good processability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 128425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lightweight fluorinated block copolyimide aerogels for high-temperature shape memory 用于高温形状记忆的轻质氟嵌段共聚物气凝胶

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128430

Dingzheng Zhou, Tiantian Xue, Zhipeng Fu, Shiyang Wang, Xu Zhang, Wei Fan, Tianxi Liu

{"title":"Lightweight fluorinated block copolyimide aerogels for high-temperature shape memory","authors":"Dingzheng Zhou, Tiantian Xue, Zhipeng Fu, Shiyang Wang, Xu Zhang, Wei Fan, Tianxi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shape memory polyimide aerogels represent a promising class of next-generation materials for aerospace applications, owing to their intrinsic low density, unique thermo-induced shape memory behavior, and exceptional resistance to extreme environmental conditions. However, aromatic polyimides exhibit poor shape memory performance due to high chain rigidity and strong π-π stacking interactions, while increasing the flexibility of the molecular chains can disrupt the formability of the three-dimensional structure of aerogels. In this study, we successfully synthesized a series of block copolyimide aerogels by systematically manipulating the molecular structure. Through controlling the polymerization degree of soft segments, block copolyimide aerogels demonstrated thermo-induced shape memory behavior at temperatures of approximately 320 °C, with both shape recovery and fixation rates exceeding 97 %. Notably, these block copolyimide aerogels exhibit good formability and lightweight with a low density below 0.19 g cm<sup>−3</sup>. Furthermore, after more than ten shape memory cycles, the recovery and fixation rates remain consistently above 95 %, indicating excellent long-term stability. This study offers new insights into the development of lightweight and high-temperature shape memory materials, with significant potential for future aerospace applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 128430"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Anti-Infective Polymer Coating to Reduce Surface Transmission of Pathogens on Personal Protective Equipment 一种减少病原体在个人防护装备表面传播的抗感染聚合物涂层

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128428

Mya Sharma, Gurpreet Randhawa, Fei Xu, Evelyn Cudmore, Todd Hoare

{"title":"An Anti-Infective Polymer Coating to Reduce Surface Transmission of Pathogens on Personal Protective Equipment","authors":"Mya Sharma, Gurpreet Randhawa, Fei Xu, Evelyn Cudmore, Todd Hoare","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Face masks are vital in protecting individuals from respiratory viruses but can serve as a source of infection if improperly used or re-used. Herein, we report anti-infective polymer coatings comprised of anti-fouling poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA) functionalized with hydrazide groups for promoting adhesion and a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) and/or grafted ciprofloxacin as the anti-infective component. The polymers could be functionalized to the surface of spunbonded polypropylene used for face masks using a simple aqueous dip-coating process. The QAC-functionalized coatings demonstrated a 2.0 log reduction against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, a 1.5 log reduction against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, and a 0.8 log reduction against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> after five hours of contact time; combination coatings containing both QAC and ciprofloxacin enabled a 2.1 log reduction against <em>S. aureus</em>, a 4.1 log reduction against <em>E. coli</em>, and a 7.3 log reduction against <em>P. aeruginosa.</em> In parallel, the masks maintained their key mechanical properties as well as remained in full compliance with the ASTM standards for barrier face coverings in terms of breathability and particulate filtration efficacy. Thus, this coating strategy offers potential to reduce the risk of infection from mask wear or reuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 128428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics modelling of neat and composite PA410 纯PA410和复合PA410的等温和非等温结晶动力学模型

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128432

Sabrine Bentalib , Martin van Drongelen , Edwin T.J. Klompen , Nick G.J. Helthuis , Remko Akkerman

{"title":"Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization kinetics modelling of neat and composite PA410","authors":"Sabrine Bentalib , Martin van Drongelen , Edwin T.J. Klompen , Nick G.J. Helthuis , Remko Akkerman","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increased interest in semi-crystalline thermoplastic composites, calls for a profound understanding of the intricate relationship between process parameters and the development of crystalline structures. In this study, the non-isothermal multi-phase crystallization kinetics of PA410 is modelled with the Schneider rate equations. Moreover, the change in crystallization kinetics induced by the addition of carbon-black nanoparticles and glass-fibres to PA410, is quantified by means of Flash-DSC experiments. To this end, a new sample preparation procedure to make unidirectional fibre-reinforced samples, of known fibre volume fraction, suitable for Flash-DSC analysis is introduced and used for the characterization of the reinforced PA410. The investigations showed that the polymorphism of neat PA410 is altered by the introduction of carbon black, which suppresses the formation of β-phase crystals, leading to an α-phase dominant crystalline volume. This finding simplified the crystallization kinetics modelling of both CB-filled and GF-reinforced PA410, for which one single set of Schneider rate equations was sufficient to accurately describe their crystallization behaviour, under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 128432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of growth kinetics on crystal morphology of polylactide stereocomplex in ultrathin films 生长动力学对聚丙交酯立体配合物超薄膜晶体形貌的影响

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128435

Jiayong Lu, Ao Wu, Shikai Chen, Binghua Wang, Jingbo Chen, Changyu Shen, Bin Zhang

{"title":"Influence of growth kinetics on crystal morphology of polylactide stereocomplex in ultrathin films","authors":"Jiayong Lu, Ao Wu, Shikai Chen, Binghua Wang, Jingbo Chen, Changyu Shen, Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy (OM) were utilized to study the growth kinetics and morphology of the flat-on stereocomplex lamellae in poly(<span>d</span>-lactide)/poly(<span>l</span>-lactide) (PDLA/PLLA) blend ultrathin films at various crystallization temperatures (<em>T</em><sub>c</sub>) and mass ratios. As the <em>T</em><sub>c</sub> increases from 170 to 195 °C, the crystal morphology of PLA stereocomplex (SC-PLA) lamellae transitions from dendrites with curved main and side branches to triangular crystals without curvature, accompanied by a decrease in the early growth rate (<em>G</em><sub>e</sub>). Similarly, increasing the mass ratio of PDLA to PLLA from 1.5:1 to 9:1 results in a decrease in <em>G</em><sub>e</sub>, while the curvature radius of the main branch (<em>ρ</em><sub>b</sub>) increase. By measuring the width (<em>w</em><sub>d</sub>) of the depletion zone ahead of the growing lamellae, we made an intriguing observation that <em>ρ</em><sub>b</sub> correlates with <em>w</em><sub>d</sub>, through a power law relationship: <em>ρ</em><sub>b</sub> ∼ <em>w</em><sub>d</sub><sup><em>α</em></sup> (<em>α</em> = 1–2, depending on the molecular weight). Furthermore, <em>w</em><sub>d</sub> increases over time at higher <em>T</em><sub>c</sub>, leading to a non-linear growth of crystals (<em>G</em><sub>e</sub> continuously decays with time), confirmed a diffusion-controlled growth mechanism. Concurrently, the thickness of stereocomplex lamellar crystals begins to expand as growth rate diminishes to approximately 40 % of <em>G</em><sub>e</sub>. This indicates that the non-equilibrium growth kinetics is the primary factor driving the changes in <em>ρ</em><sub>b</sub> and thickness of main branches of SC-PLA dendritic crystals within ultrathin films.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 128435"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of high strength, high elasticity, self-healing deep eutectic ionic elastomers based on multiple non-covalent interactions by using biobased glycerol monomer HPA for strain sensors 基于多种非共价相互作用的生物质甘油单体HPA应变传感器合成高强度、高弹性、自愈深共晶离子弹性体

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128423

Deyang Wang, Jinqing Qu

{"title":"Synthesis of high strength, high elasticity, self-healing deep eutectic ionic elastomers based on multiple non-covalent interactions by using biobased glycerol monomer HPA for strain sensors","authors":"Deyang Wang, Jinqing Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep eutectic ionic elastomers (DEIEs) have emerged as a research focus in flexible ionic conductors due to their advantages, including rapid and convenient preparation processes, excellent mechanical and electrical properties. However, there remains an obvious research gap in developing DEIEs with superior comprehensive mechanical properties using greener biobased monomers and simpler formulations. In this study, two novel LiTFSI(lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonimide))-based polymerizable deep eutectic solvents systems: HPA(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl acrylate)/LiTFSI and HEA (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate)/LiTFSI were successfully discovered. Notably, the biobased monomer HPA was utilized for the first time in constructing PDES (polymerizable deep eutectic solvents), and then DEIEs were successfully prepared by UV-initiated free radical random copolymerization using these 2 kinds of PDES. The DEIEs’ polymer networks exhibit various non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonds, dipole-dipole interactions, and π-π interactions, which endow them with high mechanical strength (2.76 MPa), good stretchability (687%), and high elasticity. These abundant physical interactions also confer the material with good self-healing capabilities. Moreover, the DEIEs demonstrate good transparency, sufficient ionic conductivity, and a wide operating temperature range. This material can not only be used for sensing and detecting conventional human physiological activities but also maintains stable sensing performance under complex conditions, such as mechanical damage and low-temperature environments, showcasing significant potential in flexible sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"328 ","pages":"Article 128423"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical expressions for molecular weight distribution in steady-state radical polymerizations 稳态自由基聚合过程中分子量分布的解析表达式

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128427

Shenhua Jiao, Rui Liu, Xiaowen Lin, Xi Chen

引用次数: 0

Construction of interfacial reinforcement structure of polyphenylene sulfide foam for bead foaming molding 聚苯硫醚泡沫珠发泡成型界面增强结构的构建

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128416

Pinzheng Hu , Zun Yuan , Zhaoyuan He , Chunrong Tian , Xiaowen Zhao , Lin Ye

{"title":"Construction of interfacial reinforcement structure of polyphenylene sulfide foam for bead foaming molding","authors":"Pinzheng Hu , Zun Yuan , Zhaoyuan He , Chunrong Tian , Xiaowen Zhao , Lin Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is a most widely used special engineering plastic, while the foam research is of great significance to expand its application and meet the requirements in aerospace, automobile, etc. In this work, the skinless PPS foam bead (S-PPS) was first prepared by surface-constrained sc-CO<sub>2</sub> foaming method. Compared with the regular PPS foam bead, the solid skin layer of S-PPS foam bead is completely eliminated, exhibiting obvious honeycomb porous structure, while the cell density of the surface was even higher than that of the core layer. Furthermore, PPS-based foam was prepared with the surface adhesion-assisted molding method of foam beads by using epoxy resin (EP) as the interfacial adhesive layer. The surface affinity and adhesion strength of foam bead with EP reasin was enhanced by formation of surface porous structure, while compared with regular PPS@EP foam with clear adhesion interface between the foam beads and EP phase, for S-PPS@EP foam, the EP phase penetrated and anchored into the micropores on the surface of S-PPS beads, forming a strong mechanically interlocked structure, significantly enhancing both interfacial physical and chemical interactions between the two phases and thereby improving the overall mechanical performance of the bonded foam samples. With increasing adhesive content and interfacial layer thickness, the difference in compressive property between the two types of samples progressively widened. Specifically, the compressive strength of the S-PPS@EP foam samples was improved by approximately 42 % compared to the PPS@EP foam samples. This work provides a novel strategy for preparing special engineering plastic foam.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 128416"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soft crawling robots inspired by invertebrate reptiles: Fabricated with PNIPAM/MWCNTs composite hydrogel and driven by near-infrared light for multi-directional locomotion 受无脊椎爬行动物启发的软体爬行机器人：用PNIPAM/MWCNTs复合水凝胶制造并由近红外光驱动进行多向运动

IF 4.1 2区化学

Polymer Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2025.128422

Qinghao Guo , Xuehao Feng , Zhizheng Gao , Xiangyu Teng , Zezheng Qiao , Chuang Zhang , Zhixing Ge , Wenguang Yang

引用次数: 0

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