Polymer最新文献

{"title":"Prediction-based trade-off analysis of polymer membranes for organic solvent reverse osmosis of hydrocarbons","authors":"Young Joo Lee, Janhavi Nistane, Rampi Ramprasad, Ryan P. Lively","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129153","url":null,"abstract":"Performance trade-off analysis of polymeric membrane materials obtained via experimental studies has been used to select materials for challenging separations and to identify opportunities for innovation. These types of analyses not only highlight the potential and limitations of polymer membranes in different separation applications, but also serve as a reference for guiding the development of new membrane materials and modules. Despite the growing interest in organic solvent reverse osmosis (OSRO) using polymer membranes, a standardized separation performance trade-off curve for OSRO has yet to emerge, primarily due to the limited number of studies in this area. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive indicator that reflects the potential separation capabilities of polymer membranes for various organic solvent mixtures. In this study, we generate these performance trade-off curves for >800 polymer structures and three different solvent-solvent separations using a predictive model. Existing data in the literature and new data are used to validate some of the predictions in this work. As OSRO performance is often described in terms of engineering parameters such as permeance and separation factor, we also explore the impact of factors such as permeation resistance in the support layer and the impact of osmotic pressure on separation efficiency.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-end-group hydrogen bonding modulates crystallization and polymorphic transition of poly(butylene adipate)","authors":"Cong Chen,&nbsp;Xue-Wei Wei,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Meng,&nbsp;Tianyu Wu,&nbsp;Hai-Mu Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Telechelic poly(butylene adipate) (PBA) bearing terminal 2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPy) moieties was synthesized to investigate hydrogen bond-mediated melt crystallization and crystal transition behavior. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray diffraction revealed that quadruple hydrogen-bonding interactions among UPy moieties significantly suppressed the overall crystallinity and altered polymorphic selectivity. Compared to hydroxyl-terminated PBA (HPBA), UPy-terminated PBA (UPBA) exhibited an expanded temperature window for forming the thermodynamically stable <em>α</em>-crystal and a broader <em>α</em>/<em>β</em> crystals coexistence region during isothermal crystallization, indicating retarded <em>β</em>-crystal growth kinetic advantage. UPy end groups enhanced the melt memory effect by stabilizing mesomorphic structure, widening the self-nucleation domain (Domain <em>IIa</em>). <em>In situ</em> temperature-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation demonstrated that the hydrogen-bonding interactions among terminal UPy moieties are sensitive to the melting and crystallization process of PBA. Critically, the slow increase in UPy hydrogen-bonding intensity coinciding with <em>β</em>-crystal melting, followed by a sharp decrease during <em>α</em>-crystal formation, provided direct evidence that the <em>β</em> to <em>α</em> crystal transition in UPBA predominantly follows a melt-recrystallization mechanism rather than a solid-solid transformation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking intrinsic thermal conductivity in BioBased liquid crystal epoxy and enabling alkali-developable photocurable dielectric coatings from epoxidized daidzein","authors":"Pan Tian ,&nbsp;Weiyouran Hong ,&nbsp;Yisen Huang ,&nbsp;Wanjing Liu ,&nbsp;Shengdu Yang ,&nbsp;Xin Sun ,&nbsp;Junhua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of biobased renewable resources is expected to alleviate the threat to the ecological environment and the obstacles to sustainable development caused by relying on fossil fuels. Here, based on biobased daidzein (DD) with rigid benzene rings and two hydroxyl groups was firstly prepared into epoxy compound (DDDE) by reacting with epichlorohydrin. Daidzein is a liquid crystal mesogen, by curing with 1,5-naphthalene diamine (NDA) in the liquid crystal state, the locally ordered structure can be preserved, thereby exhibiting intrinsic thermal conductivity characteristics. The curing system DDDE/NDA₁₀₅ (105 means cured at 105 °C) under liquid crystal phase obtained better thermal conductivity (λ = 0.34 W/(m·K)), storage modulus (G’ = 2548 MPa), and glass transition temperature (T_g = 230 °C) than E51/NDA. On the other hand, photocurable alkali developer resin (DDAT) was synthesized by DDDE with acrylic acid (AA) and tetrahydro phthalic anhydride (THPA), and subsequently, a series of DDAT/DDDE/filler composite inks were prepared. Finally, the C8:2 ink stands out on PCB with the comprehensive performance of tensile strength (53.67 ± 1.41 MPa), elongation of fracture (4.11 ± 0.23 %), G’ (3761 MPa), T_g (227 °C), and dielectric constant (3.54 at 100 Hz). The present work broadens the application of bio-based daidzein in high-performance inherently thermally conductive epoxy resins and alkaline developing photocuring inks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of shear and extensional rheology between entangled star and linear polystyrenes with the same span molecular weight","authors":"Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Yinrui Wang ,&nbsp;Valerian Hirschberg ,&nbsp;Hui Shen ,&nbsp;Teng Cui ,&nbsp;Qian Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonlinear shear and extensional rheology of entangled star polystyrenes (PS) are compared with those of linear PS with the same span molecular weight to investigate their different dynamics. During transient startup shear flow, 8 or 10-arm star PS exhibits a more pronounced stress decay following the stress overshoot and a larger peak strain compared to linear PS, while 3-arm star PS displays a nonlinear shear response nearly identical to that of linear PS. No significant differences are observed between the star and linear PS in stress relaxation after step strain; all samples exhibit similar nonlinear damping behavior, which aligns well with the Doi-Edwards prediction. In extensional flow, the 8- or 10-arm star PS shows more strain hardening but approaches a similar steady stress at large strain compared to the linear PS, while the 3-arm star and linear PS behave almost same. This difference is attributed to heterogeneous entanglement density of multi-arm star polymers. These findings provide valuable guidance for the molecular design of star-shaped polymers with tailored nonlinear rheological properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinematic Interplay of Homopolymer Crystallization with Stereocomplex Formation in Poly(L-lactic acid) / Poly(D-lactic acid) Blends Having Asymmetric Compositions 1. Effects of Molecular Weights of Polymers","authors":"Supanont Jamornsuriya, Hideaki Takagi, Shinichi Sakurai","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129142","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(lactic acid) is a biobased polymer and a promising material to contribute sustainability. Many reports have been published to improve its mechanical and thermal properties. Among them, crystallization behaviors are one of the main topics. It is known that equimolar mixing of poly(L-lactic acid) / poly(D-lactic acid) (PLLA/PDLA) forms stereocomplex crystal (SC), in addition to the crystallization of these individual homopolymer moieties. In this study, effects of blend composition were investigated to understand the roles of the excess moiety in the PLLA/PDLA blends having asymmetric compositions. For this purpose, DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), POM (polarizing optical microscopy), and WAXD (wide-angle X-ray diffraction) measurements have been conducted. One of the significant results is a remarkably high amount formation of homocrystal (HC) in the 20/80 blend, which contributes the total degree of crystallinity (χ_total = χ_SC + χ_HC) where χ_SC and χ_HC denote the crystallinity of SC and HC, respectively. This further may contribute prevention of thermal contraction of the blend specimens at temperature below 100˚C when χ_total exceeds 50%. Since it is considered that the 50/50 blend is the best to attain the maximum crystallinity, the experimental result showing the maximum crystallinity of the 20/80 blend is surprising. Furthermore, for the opposed composition, i.e., the 80/20 blend, the total crystallinity is not so high. Namely, it was found that the dependencies of χ_total, χ_SC, χ_HC, and the growth rate of the spherulite as a function of the blend composition exhibited asymmetric features. This result suggests that the excess moiety in the biased blend (i.e., 20/80 vs. 80/20) did not play completely an identical role. It is speculated that the subtle difference in the molecular weights of PLLA and PDLA samples used in this study may even ascribe to the asymmetric tendency of the effects of the blend composition.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of pH-responsive PVDF membrane and investigation of the synergistic anti-fouling and self-cleaning mechanism via “hydration layer & steric hindrance” and “acid washing-alkaline washing”","authors":"Meng Yan ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Zhiyou Pu ,&nbsp;Feng Yan ,&nbsp;Benqiao He ,&nbsp;Biao Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with hydrophilicity and pH-responsiveness was prepared by grafting chitosan (CS). The pH-responsiveness refers to a property of the membrane to undergo controlled and reversible changes in its structure, physical, and chemical properties in response to variations in the environmental pH. For comparison, polyethyleneglycol 400 (PEG400), which is hydrophilic but not pH-responsive, was introduced onto the membrane surface as a control. The differences in parameters were compared among the modified membranes, including surface charge, hydration layer properties and anti-fouling performance against calcium sulfate (CaSO₄). The effect of the conformation change in CS on foulant removal was investigated in the pH range of 2–12. The results showed that the thickest hydration layer (205.43 nm) was formed on the surface of G3, which effectively inhibits the adhesion of foulants to the membrane surface. In addition, G3 exhibited superior anti-fouling and self-cleaning performance during the “acid washing (pH = 2)-alkaline washing (pH = 12)” process, as evidenced by the flux recovery rate of 98.95 %, the total flux decline rate of 18.74 % and the irreversible fouling rate of only 1.05 %. Based on differences in CaSO₄ agglomeration behavior and removal efficiency among the membranes, the synergistic mechanism of anti-fouling and self-cleaning based on “hydration layer &amp; steric hindrance” and “acid washing-alkaline washing” was proposed. This study laid the foundation for the preparation of membranes with high anti-fouling performance using CaSO₄ as a model foulant. The proposal of the synergistic mechanism can provide new insights into the efficient removal of foulants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145153932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel cross-linked card-bisphenol based polybenzoxazine approach: Enhanced superhydrophobic and anticorrosive coatings","authors":"Janapriya Mathimani ,&nbsp;Kumaravel Ammasai ,&nbsp;Sasikumar Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Poornesh Devaraj ,&nbsp;Alagar Muthukaruppan","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce the free hydroxyl groups of card-bisphenol (CBP) based polybenzoxazine matrix (CBPA-PBz), hybridized with various cross-linkers, such as anhydride and dicarboxylic acid through esterification by in-situ polymerization. The CBP was synthesized using cardanol and benzaldehyde as per our earlier report, then it was converted into benzoxazine (CBPA-Bz) monomer using aniline and paraformaldehyde through Mannich condensation. The CBPA-Bz was formulated with equal mole ratios of six different cross-linkers (CLs), and it was polymerized at high temperature. This offers a highly cross-linked polybenzoxazine network along with the skeleton of CLs via the formation of ester linkages with free hydroxyl groups generated by the benzoxazine unit during the curing process. All six CBPA-CL-PBz matrices possess superhydrophobic (WCA ≥150°) and good anticorrosion behaviors particularly the CBPA-DSA-PBz, which exhibits above 99 % corrosion inhibition efficiency towards the protection of mild steel surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129141"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Statistical Modelling of Gelation in Aspartate-Based Polyurea Networks","authors":"Aakash Sharma, Zuzana Morávková, Sabina Abbrent, Olga Kočková, Suzana Natourová, Zuzana Walterová, Jiri Podešva, Ján Šomvársky, Miroslava Dušková-Smrčková","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129100","url":null,"abstract":"This research investigates the complex crosslinking mechanism and kinetics of aspartate-based polyurea networks for high-performance coatings, focusing on a puzzling “gelling paradox”: we observed that the addition of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) dramatically extends the gel time (by 7×), while counterintuitively decreasing the gel conversion. This behaviour contradicts the Flory–Stockmayer theory, which predicts the gel conversion independent of reaction rate in simple gelling systems.Through a detailed investigation employing FTIR, NMR, and MALDI-TOF techniques, the complex underlying crosslinking chemistry has been elucidated. We found that beyond the main, urea-forming reaction, a consecutive aminolysis between urea amine groups and aspartate esters occurs, leading to the formation of hydantoin rings but also to additional branching and crosslinking.Aminolysis produces ethanol, which consumes the isocyanate groups of the crosslinker, decreasing its functionality. The DBTDL plays a multifaceted role, not only slowing the main NCO–NH reaction, but also enhancing aminolysis and promoting the NCO–OH reaction.A comprehensive theoretical model incorporating these chemical mechanisms and linking their kinetics to a statistical model of network formation, based on the theory of branching processes, has been developed and validated. The model accurately predicts gel critical conversion and time, effectively resolving the gelling paradox. The model thus provides a powerful tool for understanding and controlling PU-ASPE network formation and structure for optimal performance.","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polypyrrole conductive film formed by in-situ polymerization as a conductive seed layer for hole metallization of printed circuit boards and blind hole electroplating filling behavior","authors":"Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xixun Shen ,&nbsp;Runlin Wang ,&nbsp;Zihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Qunjie Xu ,&nbsp;Zhenni Kang ,&nbsp;Junfeng He","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At present, the hole metallization of printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) is achieved through using traditional electroless copper as a conductive seed, accompanied by an electroplating copper filling process. This method has serious environmental issues due to the carcinogenic formaldehyde and recalcitrant chelating agents in the electroless plating solution. To address this issue, a green polymer polypyrrole conductive film is proposed to replace traditional electroless copper as a conductive seed layer for the metallization of PCB. The polypyrrole film is formed via in-situ polymerization of pyrrole monomers on blind-hole walls. The cross-sectional SEM and EDS analysis confirmed that the polypyrrole film was uniformly formed on the walls of blind holes. The polypyrrole conductive layer exhibits a low sheet resistance of 1.45 kΩ/sq. Electrochemical characterizations demonstrate rapid copper electrodeposition on this conductive polymer layer. The contact angle measurements also demonstrate that the polypyrrole conductive film enhances substrate wettability, facilitating electrolyte infiltration into the vias. The filling experiment shows that dense super filling of copper in blind holes can be achieved within about 70 min. Thermal shock experiments confirm excellent adhesion of the plated copper. These results demonstrate that the polypyrrole conductive film represents a highly promising material to replace traditional electroless copper as the conductive seed layer for the metallization of PCB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129140"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145140758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ enhancement of barrier properties in PET blood collection tubes via volume-pulsation injection molding","authors":"Yan-gen Lai ,&nbsp;Qing-wen Yuan ,&nbsp;Cong Fang ,&nbsp;Sen-hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Haowei Jiang ,&nbsp;Jin-ping Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polymer.2025.129136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The barrier properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blood collection tubes are crucially determinant for maintaining blood specimen integrity. However, conventional modification strategies, such as incorporation of nanofillers and surface functionalization, may introduce potential biocompatibility risks and increase costs. Herein, an innovative volume-pulsation injection molding (VPIM) is employed to achieve in-situ enhancement of barrier properties in PET blood collection tubes. VPIM technology can promote a conformational transition from gauche to trans conformers, which induces condensed crystalline domains and reduces volume fraction of rigid amorphous fraction (RAF), thereby optimizing permeation pathways and forming a percolation-resistant barrier architecture. When the pressure-holding frequency reaches 0.7 Hz, the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and the gas transmission rate (GTR) are reduced to 0.73 g/(m²·24 h) and 2.95 cm³/(m²·24 h·0.1 MPa), respectively, resulting in the improvements by 35.4 % and 50 % compared with conventional injection molding (CIM), respectively. This work establishes a new processing method for microstructure engineering via dynamic force field modulation, offering an eco-friendly manufacturing strategy for self-enhancement of medical polymer products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 129136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}