L'Actualité économique最新文献

{"title":"MÉGADONNÉES ET EXTERNALITÉS INFORMATIONNELLES","authors":"Claude-Denys Fluet","doi":"10.7202/1076264ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1076264ar","url":null,"abstract":"A recent literature raises the question of the desirable degree of visibility or publicity of individual behaviors. In these analyzes, greater visibility strengthens reputation incentives, which can be socially useful. In return, the resulting behaviors are less informative about the characteristics of individuals, which can be undesirable. I re-examine this question in a context where more visibility stems from a greater number of sources of information on the actions of individuals, in multiple contractual interactions. Contrary to recent literature, more visibility then has the effect of diluting or even completely eliminatiing reputational incentives. In return, this improves information on the characteristics of individuals, with the ultimate disappearance of information asymmetries.","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130455924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapport du directeur de L’Actualité économique","authors":"B. Shearer","doi":"10.7202/1035114ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1035114ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131317252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRADE AND AFRICAN REGIONAL AGREEMENTS: A SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC APPROACH","authors":"Aligui Tientao, D. Legros, Wilfried Koch","doi":"10.7202/1076266ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1076266ar","url":null,"abstract":"(VF)L’objet de cette etude est d'evaluer l'impact des blocs regionaux africains sur les flux commerciaux, tout en prenant en compte l'interdependance spatiale entre ces flux. A cet effet, nous derivons une equation de gravite spatiale en relâchant l'hypothese implicite que les flux commerciaux entre deux partenaires sont independants de ce qui se passe dans le reste du monde. Nous estimons les effets frontieres pour six blocs regionaux en Afrique (CEMAC, COMESA, CEDEAO, SADC, UEMOA et la zone FRANC). Nos resultats montrent qu’excepte la zone FRANC et la CEDEAO, tous les autres blocs ont produit des effets positifs sur les flux commerciaux. Cependant, ces effets sont faibles sauf pour l'UEMOA et la CEMAC. En outre, l'interdependance spatiale entre les flux commerciaux s’est traduite par une relation negative comme l'implique le modele theorique, ce qui suggere une mesure naturelle de la concurrence spatiale. (VA)The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of African regional blocs on African trade flows while allowing for spatial interdependence between trade flows. To this end, we derive a spatial gravity equation by removing the implicit assumption that trade flows between two trading partners are independent of what happens in the rest of the trading world. We estimate the border effects for six Sub-Saharan regional blocs (CEMAC, COMESA, ECOWAS, SADC, WAEMU and FRANC). We find that regional blocs have positive effects on African trade flows, although these effects are small except for WAEMU and CEMAC. We do not find any significant effect on trade flows for the FRANC and ECOWAS zones. In addition, the spatial interdependence between trade flows is reflected in a negative relationship as implied by the theoretical model, suggesting a natural measure of spatial competition.","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115934168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LES INÉGALITÉS PROVINCIALES AUX TESTS INTERNATIONAUX-NATIONAUX DE LITTÉRACIE : QUÉBEC, ONTARIO ET AUTRES PROVINCES CANADIENNES 1993-2018","authors":"P. Lefebvre, Philip Merrigan","doi":"10.7202/1087006ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087006ar","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents standardised test scores results in literacy from 19 provincial and international surveys in education conducted over years 2000 to 2018. The analysis draws on students in provinces, mainly Quebec and Ontario, at three stages of education, grade 4 in primary school, grade 8 in secondary school, and 15-year-olds in grades 8, 9 and 10. The tree domains of literacy are reading, maths, and science. A diversity of summary statistics is computed (number of respondents, mean, standard deviation, scores at different points of the percentile distributions), as well as gaps (P90-P10 and P75-P25) between scores and differences between Quebec and other participant group entities. The investigation also shows the percentage distribution of students in the surveys’ proficiency scales. The gradients of scores and the social statuses of students measured by parental educational and occupational categories are displayed. The results contradict the conclusion of an independent Council in education, and imply that Quebec’s system of education performs as well or better than in the other provinces system with lesser gaps in literacy domains. The assessment reviews why students in independent schools succeed more and some policy options in education policy to address social inequities in the skills and knowledge of students. Cet article presente les resultats a des tests standardises en litteracie, de 19 enquetes internationales ou provinciales conduites en education de 2000 a 2018 aupres d’etudiants du Quebec et de provinces canadiennes. L’analyse s’appuie sur les etudiants a trois stages d’etudes, 4ieme annee au primaire, 8ieme annee au secondaire et aux etudiants de 15 ans (secondaire 2, 3 et 4). Les domaines de litteracie sont la lecture, les math et les sciences. Plusieurs types de statistiques sont calculees (nombre de repondants, moyenne, ecart-type, scores a divers points de la distribution centile des scores) ainsi que les ecarts entre les scores (P90-P10 et P75-P25) et les differences entre le Quebec et les entites participantes. L’analyse presente aussi la distribution des etudiants dans les echelles de competences. Les liens entre scores et les caracteristiques du statut social des eleves, mesurees par l’education et les professions parentales, sont documentes pour chaque enquete. Les resultats sont compares avec ceux du Conseil Superieur de l’Education. Il apparait que le regime quebecois reussit mieux que celui des autres provinces aux plans des resultats et de l’equite. La question du succes de l’ecole privee au niveau secondaire au Quebec ainsi que celle de la diversite sociale est abordee. La discussion finale porte sur lecons et des options de politique publiques en education.","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122748414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GRATUITÉ DES SOINS ET UTILISATION DES SERVICES DE SANTÉ MATERNELLE – UNE ANALYSE D’IMPACT AU SÉNÉGAL","authors":"Gaston Brice. Nkoumou Ngoa","doi":"10.7202/1076510AR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1076510AR","url":null,"abstract":"R ÉSUMÉ – Un an après sa phase pilote, la gratuité des accouchements et césariennes a été généralisée au Sénégal comme dans plusieurs pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest malgré l’absence de vérification de l’impact causal de cette mesure sur l’utilisation des services de santé maternelle. L’objectif de ce papier est d’évaluer l’impact à court terme de la mesure de gratuité des frais d’accouchement et de césarienne sur l’utilisation des services de santé maternelle au Sénégal. Les estimations à partir de la méthode des doubles différences (DID) ont été réalisées en faisant usage des données d’observations provenant de la quatrième Enquête Démographique et de Santé (EDS-IV). Les résultats économétriques n’ont pas permis de mettre en évidence l’effet positif attendu du programme de gratuité à court terme. Ce résultat permet d’interroger la mise à l’échelle au niveau national de cette politique de gratuité un an plus tard. impact of the measure of free childbirth and c-section fees on the use of maternal health services in Senegal. Estimates using the double difference me-thod (DID) were made using observational data from the fourth Demographic and Health Survey (DHS-IV). The econometric results did not reveal the expected positive effect of the free program in the short term. This result makes it possible to question the scaling up of this free healthcare policy at the national level one year later.","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121731554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MARCHÉS INTERNATIONAUX DE DROITS À POLLUER ET TAXES LOCALES SUR LES BIENS POLLUANTS","authors":"Julien Daubanes, P. Lasserre","doi":"10.7202/1076260ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1076260ar","url":null,"abstract":"The interest of international markets for pollution rights lies in their potential to achieve a pollution reduction objective in an efficient manner. Unfortunately, the tendency of participating countries to tax polluting goods locally undermines this potential. We propose a model to examine the interest of countries participating in a market for rights to pollute in taxing the good that generates pollution. In particular, this interest depends on the initial distribution of rights among participating countries. We show how rights should be allocated to the different participating countries in order to ensure market efficiency. These optimal allocations require that a sufficiently large fraction of rights be distributed free of charge rather than auctioned.","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114160543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LISTE DES RÉDACTEURS EN CHEF DE L’ACTUALITÉ ÉCONOMIQUE","authors":"","doi":"10.7202/1087011ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087011ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130544503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPTE CAPITAL ET DÉVELOPPEMENT FINANCIER EN TUNISIE : CAUSALITÉ ET RELATION DE LONG TERME","authors":"M. Gritli, S. Rey","doi":"10.7202/1076265ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1076265ar","url":null,"abstract":"Much research has focused on the relationship between financial development and growth, on the one hand, and the relationship between financial integration and economic development, on the other. However, the link between capital account liberalization and financial development remains limited, particularly for the Middle East and North African countries. The purpose of this article is to propose an empirical analysis of this relationship in the case of Tunisia, a country that has chosen for several decades to gradually open up to foreign capital. The econometric study carried out over the period 1986-2014 using a Toda-Yamamoto long-term causality model in conjunction with an ARDL model showed that the capital account openness did indeed have a positive effect on long-term financial development. This result is robust to several specifications of the autoregressive model and to alternative measures of financial development. Nevertheless, the short-term impact of the capital account openness is more limited, especially when considering the effects on the stock market.","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134631834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUR L’ESTIMATION D’UN SYSTÈME COMPLET DE DEMANDE SOUS RATIONNEMENTS QUANTITATIFS","authors":"C. Bronsard, L. Salvas-Bronsard","doi":"10.7202/1087015ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087015ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127240852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LISTE DES CONFÉRENCES FRANÇOIS-ALBERT\u0000ANGERS","authors":"","doi":"10.7202/1087012ar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7202/1087012ar","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405226,"journal":{"name":"L'Actualité économique","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116404689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}