The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research最新文献

{"title":"Good health adds life to years - role of medical college faculty in promoting World Health day 2012 theme","authors":"Sridhar Ms","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123752954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic kidney diseases in India - a ray of hope","authors":"Agarwal Sk","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116368399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retained intrauterine foetal bones: a rare cause of secondary infertility leading to diagnostic dilemma","authors":"Chowhan Ak, N. Rukmangadha, S. Kv, R. Patnayak, Phaneendra Bv, V. Devi, M. KumaraswamyReddy","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of intrauterine bone fragments is rare. These patients may present with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhoea, abnormal uterine bleeding and secondary infertility. We present a case of a 36-year old woman complaining of dysfunctional uterine bleeding with secondary infertility of six years duration.Detailed history, pelvic ultrasonography, hysteroscopy and histopathological examination of the hysteroscopically evacuated uterine cavity fragments were performed. Morphological examination revealed interesting presence of some tiny bony chips along with endometrial tissue. Intrauterine retained foetal bony chips due to previous medical termination of pregnancy was identified to be the cause of secondary infertility in the present case. Our case reiterates the importance of analyzing detailed clinical history in the evaluation of patients with secondary infertility.","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121477046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: An unusual case of native tricuspid valve endocarditis and sepsis in a child with structurally normal heart mimicking bronchopneumonia","authors":"D. Rajasekhar, Vanajakshamma, C. Shashanka, Srinivas Kumar Ml, D. SarathBabu","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.022","url":null,"abstract":"Right sided infectious endocarditis (IE) by involvement of tricuspid valve is mainly associated with cardiac malformations or intravenous drug use. Occurrence of right-sided IE in children with structurally normal heart is exceptionallyrare. We report the case of 9-year-old child presenting with bronchopneumonia and septicaemia who was diagnosed to have native tricuspid valve staphylococcal endocarditis and was successfully treated.","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"384 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122874005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiologists and poverty alleviation: what is needed?","authors":"C. Shyam","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127443797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of immunochromatographic and ELISA methods in detection of anti-HCV antibodies among healthy blood donors: a pilot study","authors":"S. Kv, C. Is, Yashovardhan A, Suresh Babu B, A. Verma, J. Ds","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"Blood transfusion services are a vital part of modern health care system. With every unit of blood there is 1% chance of transfusion associated problems including transfusion transmitted infectious disease acquisition. Transfusing infected blood to patients in need amounts to a criminal offence. It is mandatory to test every unit of donor blood for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV2), syphilis, hepatitis C, hepatitis B and for malarial parasite. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an emerging infection in India and an important pathogen causing liver disease. The prevalence of HCV infection in voluntary or mixed donors has beenobserved to be below 2%. The high risk of chronicity of this blood-borne infection and its association with hepatocellular carcinoma underscores its public health importance. Blood transfusion and unsafe therapeutic interventions by infected needles are two preventable modalities of spread of HCV infection. In modern blood banks, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method is the recommended and preferred screening method for detecting anti-HCV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. However, many blood banks in India do not have the facilities to carry out the ELISA test for anti-HCV IgG antibodies and prefer to use “easy to perform”, “user friendly” immunochromatographic rapid screening tests instead. A pilot study was therefore conducted in healthy blood donors to study the performance of immunochromatographic (rapid) device test in the detection of anti-HCV IgG antibodies, considering ELISA method as the ‘gold standard’. The study was carried out on 1002 blood samples collected from apparently healthy voluntary as well as replacement donors over a period of two months. All the samples were tested for anti-HCV IgG antibodies by ELISA method (Hepanostica HCV Ultra; Beijing United Biomedical Co.,LTD,Wales, UK) and immunochromatographic (rapid) device test kit (SD BIOLINE HCV Standard Diagnostics. Inc., Kyongi-do Korea) simultaneously as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Considering ELISA test as gold standard,the sensitivity, specificity, positivepredictive value and negative-predictive value were calculated (Table 1).","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130355863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudoarthrosis following fracture of left lamina of C2 vertebra causing compressive myelopathy","authors":"Prasad Bcm, Ramesh Chandra Vv, G. Varaprasad, A. Krishnareddy","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.024","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudoarthrosis involving lamina of C2 vertebra requiring intervention is very rare. We report the unusual case of a 38-year-old man presenting with pseudoarthrosis of an old fracture involving left lamina of C2 vertebra. The patient presented with progressive spastic quadriparesis and history of sustaining injury to his neck 15 years ago. Imaging showed pseudoarthrosis involving the left lamina of C2 vertebra with significant cord compression. Posterior approach was used and decompressive laminectomy was done at C2 and C3 levels with removal of the affected segment with pseudoarthrosis. The postoperative period was uneventful and the neurological recovery was good.","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122185970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile of transfusion-related human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a tertiary care hospital in South India","authors":"M. Subbalaxmi, S. Abkari, A. Prasad, S. Mallikarjuna, V. Lakshmi, V. Srinivasan","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transfusion-related infection is an important mode of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. There are very few reports in the literature on transfusion-related HIV from India. Methods: Retrospective study of clinical profile of patients with transfusion related HIV infection presenting to a tertiary care hospital in South India between May 1999 to December 2011. Results: Among the 1332 records of HIV positive patients reviewed, 80 (6 %) had transfusion-related HIV infection; their mean age was 32.2 ± 12.2 years; there were 47 (58.8%) women. Sixty nine patients (86.3%) were infected with HIV1, while 11 patients (13.8%) were infected with HIV-2 The average number of units of blood transfused was 2.8. The indications for transfusion were perioperative (n=37, 46.3%); haematologic disorders (n=15, 18.8%); trauma (n=9, 11.3%); upper gastrointestinal bleed (n=3, 3.8%); miscellaneous (n=3, 3.8%) and diagnosis not clear at the time of transfusion (n=13, 16.3%). Twenty six of the 64 patients (40.6%) had CD4+ count less than 200 cells/mm; 32 patients (40%) were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Tuberculosis was the most common opportunistic infection. Conclusions: Transfusion-related HIV infection, especially due to HIV-2 remains a significant problem in India even till recently; females seem to be more often affected probably due to the more frequent need for blood transfusion in them due to gynaecologic and obstetric reasons.","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121929385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of block-replacement regimen on bone mineral density and biochemical markers in patients with thyrotoxic bone disease","authors":"P. AmareshReddy, Harinarayan Cv, Suresh, G. Rajagopal, T. KrishnaTilak, M. Suchitra, S. Pvln, A. Sachan, T. Kalawat","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"Intorduction: Abnormal bone metabolism in patients with thyrotoxicosis is well documented, but time-course of recovery remains poorly understood. Objective: To evaluate changes in bone density and bone metabolic parameters in thyrotoxicosis before and after therapy. Methods: Forty patients with thyrotoxicosis (11 males; mean age 35.5 ± 9.9 years) rendered euthyroid with methimazole and maintained on block-replacement therapy were followed up for six months at a tertiary care setting. Of these, 21 had completed follow-up evaluation. Bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine (LS), hip and biochemical markers were estimated before and after therapy. Results: At LS, 21% women and 35% men had a Z score less than –2. At the neck of femur (NOF),17% women and 18% men had Z score less than -2. LS was more severely affected (p 30 ng/mL (>50 nmol/L)]. Serum T 4 correlated negatively with Z-scores at LS, NOF, trochanter and Ward’s area. There was improvement in BMD (p<0.01) and Z scores (p<0.01) at all levels post-treatment with higher increase at NOF (p=0.046). A significant decrease in serum calcium, 24 hour urinary calcium and phosphate and the fractional excretions of calcium and phosphate was also seen, while serum N-tact PTH levels increased.","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134193299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dengue outbreaks in India: will history keep on repeating itself?","authors":"G. Ahluwalia","doi":"10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15380/2277-5706.JCSR.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue is caused by four flavivirus serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4). The incidence of dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) has increased thirtyfold globally in the last four decades. In developing nations like India, unplanned urbanization and migration of population from rural to urban areas with complete lack of proper sanitation facilities are important factors resulting in this situation. ‘Globalization’ with rapid air travel has also exposed the developed nations to this disease. The situation in our country is reflected by the occurrence of major disease outbreaks in India recent times. However, no reliable data are available to assess the magnitude of the disease in our country. But, obviously, the situation is quite dismal. In the last few years, many major disease outbreaks of dengue have been reported in India. The major pathophysiological abnormality differentiating DF from DHF is the plasma leakage syndrome due to generalized vasculopathy (haemoconcentration, hypo-protein aemia and/or serous effusion). The severity of disease in DHF depends on the quantum of plasma leakage. It is important to appreciate that platelet count is not predictive of haemorrhage. The patients of DHF with excessive plasma loss resulting in shock are labeled as dengue shock syndrome (DSS). DHF/ DSS are potentially fatal conditions if managed inappropriately. Therefore, there is a need to sensitize the health care providers regarding the management principles of DF/DHF. All patients of DF do not need hospitalization. Oral rehydration therapy should be initiated on the first day of the illness in DF as it prevents DHF and decreases risk for hospitalization in these patients. It will not be an exaggeration to state that appropriate hydration is the only therapeutic modality that makes the difference between life and death in a dengue patient. However, dengue patients with warning signs need to be hospitalized. The two most important warning signs which should never be ignored are inability to maintain hydration due to persistent vomiting or abdominal pain and haemetemesis or melaena. In our country with very poor oral dental hygiene in most people, gum bleeding may occur even with mild thrombocytopenia and needs to be considered in proper perspective rather than cause ‘panic’. The other warning sign is dizziness/vertigo on getting up from lying down position, reflecting postural hypotension. The role of platelet transfusion as a panacea for the management of dengue needs special mention. Unfortunately, patients as well as health care workers tend to “chase” platelet counts due to proliferation of “computerized laboratories” with automated ‘coulter’ machines which give almost instant platelet results. Often, the platelet count is underestimated by these computerized machines if they are not manually crosschecked due to the clumping of platelets. In fact, most of these patients are recovering from DF i.e., Patients are afebrile, appetite ","PeriodicalId":405143,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Clinical and Scientific Research","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122613926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}