{"title":"Resistance through Female Bonding in Tehmina Durrani's Blasphemy","authors":"M. Kandel","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42257","url":null,"abstract":"The present research article analyses the suffering of women and their resistance against oppressive Islamic patriarchy through female bonding in Tehmina Durrani’s Blasphemy. In doing so, it offers the working definition of the term “feminism” as a tool of inquiry. It mainly focuses on the suffering of Heer, the protagonist of the novel, due to her loveless marriage with Pir Sain. It exposes the easy distortion of Islam by so-called hypocritical religious leaders like Pir Sain. The suffering of Heer and other female characters in the novel reveal the problems in the cultural and social setting of the Islamic culture and religion. Heer is repeatedly beaten, raped and humiliated by her abusive husband Pir. Pir forces her to live in the world that he has constructed for her. Her marriage with Pir utterly fails as it turns out to be a source of trouble and repression of her self-satisfaction. When she fails to tolerate severe torture and domestic violence, she decides to revolt against it. This paper concludes that Heer is able to resist sexual abuse and exploitation through female bonding. In doing so, she is able to assert her female selfhood.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130659056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"'कठपुतलीको मन’ कथामा विनिर्माणवाद [Deconstructionism in the story 'Puppet's Mind']","authors":"कृष्णप्रसाद Krishna Prasad सापकोटा Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42273","url":null,"abstract":"कठपुतलीको मन इन्द्रबहादुर राईको ।।।कठपुतलीको मन कथासब्ग्रहमा सब्कलित कथा हो । यस कथालाई ज्याक डेरिडाकाविनिर्माणवादका आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । विनिर्माणवादमा रहने महŒवपूर्ण पक्षहरूमध्ये विधाभञ्जन, विधामिश्रण,द्विचरको विरोध, आलब्कारिकताको महŒव स्थापना, जग वा आधारलाई नमान्नु, लेखकलाई भन्दा पाठकलाई महŒव दिँदबहुपठन र बहुअर्थमा जोड, अन्तिम सत्य र आदर्शलाई नमान्नु, विशृब्खलित शृब्खलाजस्ता पक्षलाई आधार बनाएर कथाकाविश्लेषण गरिएको छ । “कठपुतलीको मन” कथामा यस्ता पक्षहरूको भूमिका महŒवपूर्ण रूपमा आएको विनिर्माणवादी प्रवृत्तिकादृष्टिकोणले कथा महŒवपूर्ण रहेको कुराको चर्चा यसमा गरिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130460889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"भाषानीति, यसको कार्यान्वयन र नेपाली भाषाको अवस्था [Linguistics, its implementation and the status of Nepali language]","authors":"दामोदर Damodar रिजाल Rijal","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42262","url":null,"abstract":"देशभित्रका सबै मातृभाषाहरूको समान संरक्षण, विकास र प्रवद्र्धन गरी संवैधानिक व्यवस्थालाई परिचालन गर्ने सरकारी चिन्तनको समष्टिपुञ्ज नै भाषानीति हो । संसारमा अहिलेसम्म एकल तथा बहुल गरी दुईप्रकारका भाषानीतिहरू निर्धारण र प्रयोग भएका देखिन्छन् । कुनै पनि बहुभाषिक देशमा एकल भाषानीति सफल भएको पाइँदैन भने बहुल भाषानीतिलाई पनि सही ढब्गले कार्यान्वयन गर्ने सब्गठन, तत्परता र कार्यविधि नहुँदा नेपालजस्ता थुप्रै देशमा त्यसले पनि अपेक्षित प्रतिफल दिन सकिरहेको छैन । नेपालमा २००७ सालयताका सरकारहरूले लागु गरेको एकल भाषानीतिको ऐतिहासिक सर्वेक्षण गरिएका यस अध्ययनमा प्रजातन्त्रको पुनस्र्थापनापछि जारी गरिएका तीनवटै संविधानबाट बहुल भाषनीति र बहुल भाषिक अधिकारका कार्यान्वयन झन्झन् कसिलो र पेचिलो बन्दै गएको सन्दर्भलाई स्पष्ट पारिएको छ । मातृभाषामा नै प्राथमिक शिक्षा पाउनुपन बालबालिकाको संवैधानिक भाषिक अधिकारको उपेक्षा गर्ने सरकारी निकाय र नेपालका रैथाने मातृभाषाहरूलाई समाप्त पारेर तिनलाई पहिचानशून्य बनाउने एकप्रकारका माफियाहरूको चक्रव्यूह तोडेर सरकारी भाषानीति कार्यान्वयन हुनुपर्ने दृष्टिकोण भएको यस अध्ययनमा नेपाली भाषा बाहृय तथा आन्तरिक दाउपेचको सिकार भई सब्क्रमणकालीन अवस्थामा रहेकाले यसका स्वत्वरक्षाका लागि पनि राज्यस्तरबाट पहलकदमी हुनुपर्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124647194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Buddhist Pragmatism or Pragmatic Buddhism: What is the relationship between Buddhism and Pragmatism?","authors":"Shurendra Ghimire","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v4i1.42250","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of modernity, the Western world fell into a deep spiritual crisis which forced Comte to Dewey, and Einstein to Whitehead to synthesize a cosmic or humanistic religion. Similarly, the rise of modern science increased western interest in Eastern religions. Because of the ontological resemblance,they further enquired to Buddhism by assuming that would be a religion of their ideal. They began interpreting Buddhism through the lenses of modern philosophies. As a result, Buddhism appeared so diverse that sometimes its positioning is confusing and ambivalent- e.g. 'ethical idealism', 'atheism', 'empiricism', etc. As an attempt of resolving the contradictory positioning, both the original nikayas translated in English by PTS and commentary texts of Buddhism authored by both eastern and western scholars were carefully reviewed. These texts suggested that Buddhism is mostly close to 'ethical pragmatism. To present this closeness, the article at the first describes the cardinal principles of pragmatism, which are- multiple truths, verification of truths, changeability of truth; and then discusses how these principles are embedded in the teaching of Buddha. It also claims that Buddha’s efforts on developing new doctrine, constituting a Sangha, practicing sainthood, and defending against rival doctrines and organizations were just strategies of social reform via cultivating ethics rather than the objectives in themselves. This knowledge contributes to the understanding of both pragmatism and Buddhism from each other's perspectives, and at the same time, draws its educational implication in developing critical thinking, and ethical values.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128445032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"मैदारो उपन्यासमा जातीय दलन [Ethnic oppression in the novel Maidaro]","authors":"धनेश्वर Dhaneshwar भट्टराई Bhattarai","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40550","url":null,"abstract":"Available with full text.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126767278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"पात्रविधानका कोणबाट 'चन्द्रवदन' कथाको अध्ययन [Study of 'Chandravadan' story from the angle of characterization]","authors":"रमेश Ramesh प्रभात Prabhat","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40553","url":null,"abstract":"Available with full text.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129072851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Phytoconstituents and Biological Activities of Medicinal Plants of Chitwan District","authors":"Rama Pokharel, S. K. Kalauni","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40181","url":null,"abstract":"Four plants species, namely; Calotropis gigantea, Ageratum houstonianum, Catharanthus roseus, Thevetia peruviana (seed), and Thevetia peruviana (leaves) have been collected from Chitwan, and the crude methanol extract of respective plants parts and seeds were studied for their phytoconstituents and biological activity. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of glycosides, flavonol glycosides and coumarin glycosides as rich components. The Brine-shrimp bioassay of various plants extract showed that C. gigantean, A. houstonianum and C. roseus exhibited high toxicity against brine shrimp nauplii at LC50 (μg/ml) values of 23.44, 27.54 and 83.17 respectively. In addition to this, study of antimicrobial activity of respective plants extract on methanol showed that, all the four plants species were highly active for Staphylococcus aures and C. gigantea is pharmacologically active for other bacteria such E. coli, S. aures, K. oxytoca and P. aeruginosa. Study of anti-cancer activity on human pancreatic cancer cells such as PANC-1 revealed that the preferential cytotoxic activity of crude methanol extract of C. gigantea was highest at 100μg/ml for both NDM and DMEM.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115155525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the religious plants and their uses in Devghat Dham, Chitwan","authors":"Haridatt Sharma","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40179","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal is one of the richest sources with respect to the occurrence of religious plants. Devghat Dham is one of the famous holiest place of central Nepal and also rich source of religious plants. The objective of this paper is to explore the socio cultural and religious value of plant species. Presented here are the descriptions of 50 religious plant species used traditionally by local people in the Devghat Dham for various religious activities. The species of plant were collected and identification by using participant observation and interview. Religious activities has played a significant role in conservation of plants.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115532437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of the phyto-diversity of Birendra Multiple Campus","authors":"M. Das","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40174","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was assess the vascular flora of the Birendra M. Campus, Chitwan, Nepal in various seasons. The campus area had many wild and cultivated plants which were disturbed by cattle grazing over exploitation and uses of herbicides. 115 plant species belonging to 51 families were reported from the campus premises. There were 66 species were cultivated and numbers of wild species were 49. There were 63 herbs 18 shrubs 23 trees and 8 climbers. 48 annual, 2 biennial and 65 perennial plants were reported.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124109572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"कन्ट्रयाक्ट कथामा विश्वदृष्टि [Worldview in 'Contract' Story]","authors":"कृष्णप्रसाद Krishnaprasad सापकोटा Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v3i1.40551","url":null,"abstract":"Available with full text.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116166548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}