{"title":"To study the macro habitat of fishes of Narayani river","authors":"S. Sah","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42734","url":null,"abstract":"33 species of fishes are found in Narayani river. Most of the fishes are migratory. A large number of species are reported in mid water column. A few fish species are crevice of rocks and stones. Fishes are arranged in stratification pattern in Narayani River. Maximum fish species are encountered in Mid water column. Minimum fish species are reported in crevices of rocks and bottom of stream.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116188726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘उलार’ उपन्यासमा आञ्चलिकता [Regionalism in the novel 'Ular']","authors":"कृष्णप्रसाद Krishna Prasad सापकोटा Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42743","url":null,"abstract":"नयनराज पाण्डेको उलार आञ्चलिक उपन्यास हो । अञ्चलविशेषका विशिष्टतालाई आधार बनाएर लेखिएको उपन्यासलाई नै आञ्चलिक उपन्यास भनिन्छ । आञ्चलिक उपन्यासमा आञ्चलिक तत्वका रूपमा भूगोल, संस्कृति, समाज, प्रकृति, राजनीति, आर्थिक, इतिहास, भाषा आदि रहेका हुन्छन् । यिनीहरू उपन्यासमा आउँदा समान महत्वका साथ आउन पनि सक्छन् र नआउन पनि सक्छन् । कुनै उपन्यासमा आञ्चलिक तत्वमध्ये कुनै तत्वले बढी स्थान पाएको हुन्छ भने कुनै उपन्यासमा कुनै आञ्चलिक तत्वले महत्व पाएको भए पनि अञ्चलविशेषका विशिष्टतालाई उजागर गर्दै त्यहाँको यथार्थ स्थितिलाई देखाएर अञ्चलविशेषका भौगोलिक यथार्थता, त्यहाँका वासिन्दाको यथार्थ जीवनशैली, राजनीतिक अवस्था र भाषिक अवस्थालाई देखाउनु आञ्चलिक उपन्यासको उद्देश्य रहेको हुन्छ । उराल आञ्चलिक उपन्यासमा आञ्चलिक तत्वका रूपमा रहने सबै पक्षको यथार्थ चित्रण भए पनि राजनीतिक र आर्थिक पक्षको चित्रणले बढी महत्व पाएको पाइन्छ । अञ्चलविशेषका वासिन्दाको आर्थिक अवस्था कमजोर रहेको हुनाले त्यहाँका वासिन्दामा शिक्षाको स्तर, चेतनाको स्तर निकै कमसल रहेकाले राजनीतिक सचेतता पनि कमछ । उनीहरूमा राजनीतिक सचेतता नभएको कारणले त्यहाँको राजनीति गर्ने नेताहरूले उनीहरूबाट फाइदा लिएका छन् । जसका कारणले गर्दा त्यहाँका जनताको जीवनस्तर उठ्नुभन्दा पनि दिनानुदिन खस्कदो अवस्थामा छ । उनीहरू शिक्षादीक्षाबाट बञ्चित छन् । त्यतिमात्र नभएर सामान्यभन्दा सामान्य उपचार गराउन सक्ने उनीहरूको अवस्था छैन । उपचारका लागि होस् वा खानका लागि होस् भएको घडेरी पनि बेच्दै अञ्चलविशेषका वासिन्दा भूमिहीन बन्न बाध्य छन् । यही अञ्चलविशेषको राजनीतिक तथा आर्थिक अवस्था के–कस्तो छ ? राजनीतिक अवस्थाले आर्थिक अवस्थालाई र आर्थिक अवस्थाले राजनीतिक अवस्थालाइ के–कसरी प्रभाव पारेको छ र त्यसको प्रभाव अञ्चलविशेषका वासिन्दामा कसरी परेको छ भन्ने कुराको चर्चा गर्दै निष्कर्ष समेत प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124829816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Case study on the size of the particle for transmission probability to take place through the barrier","authors":"Rajendra Neupane","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42740","url":null,"abstract":"Diffraction phenomenon occurs when the wavelength of the wave is comparable to the size of the obstacle. Tunneling through a barrier occurs when the particle size is comparable to the width of the barrier. The Transmission probability versus potential energy curve is hyperbolic in nature. This main aim of this article is to show that there is no probability of penetrating the particle through the barrier if barrier width is extremely larger and extremely smaller than the particle size. The condition for tunneling is similar to the necessary and sufficient condition for diffraction to occur. The various examples presented here shows that the penetration of the particle through the barrier is only possible when the size of the particle is comparable to the size of the barrier height. This article shows that probability occurrence, Wave-particle duality and uncertainty of a particle exists only when there is comparable size between the particle and its barrier width.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117241418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Speculative Creation of Vedic Hymns: Hermeneutic Approach to the Selected Verse","authors":"S. Ghimire","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42729","url":null,"abstract":"The article, specifically, aims to make a knowledge contribution in epistemology, especially intuition and speculation two approaches of knowledge making. At the same time, it engages into Vedic study by revealing the process of creating the hymns and verses that are compiled in the texts. Some selected verses from the Rigveda translated by Ralph Thomas Hotchkin Griffith (1896) were taken as a source of information. Conceptual analysis of these verses and hymns suggests a pattern which indicates that these were created skeptically rather than authoritatively, and synthesized with microcosm-macrocosm analogy. On the other hand, there is no evidence of intuitive approach of creating the verses. Since an argument- 'the knowledge was created speculatively by the then scholars not intuitively by the seers' is put forward. Hence, the paper demystifies the mystified knowledge surpassing the blasphemy of Veda, against the faith of uncreated religio-philosophical text the hermeneutic interpretation presents, as a reflective and scholarly act, an opposite epistemological perspective.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134252108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Aspiration on Vowel Duration for Voice and Voiceless Unaspirated (Garhwali Hindi) Consonants","authors":"S.K. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42725","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an attempt has been made to study of Vowel durations for voice and voiceless unaspirated consonant. An experiment is described to study vowel duration of 10 vowels (Garhwali Hindi) with different unaspirated consonants. Ten Garhwali vowels word in /CVC/ syllables as spoken three times by ten males and ten females Garhwali speakers were recorded in system in the free field of partially acoustically treated room. SFS/PRRAT software is used to digitize and analyze the data. Linear predictive coding (LPC) spectra were obtained for each of vowels and vowel duration was measured. Then we found that vowel duration of voice unaspirated consonant is greater than voiceless unaspirated consonants.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129497174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutritional Status and Associated Factors among Under Five Children of Slum and Non-Slum Area of Bharatpur Metropolitian City, Chitwan","authors":"G. Dhungana, A. Wagle","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42731","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional and comparative study design was used to evaluate the nutritional status and associated factors among under five years’ children in Bharatpur Metropolitan City's slum and non-slum area. A total of 246 children under the age of 5 (each of 123 from slum and non-slum) were collected from April 1 to 30; 2017 was interviewed by face to face. Height and weight were measured by anthropocentric measurement and age was reported by direct interview for evaluation of nutrition status. The prevalence of wasted, stunted and underweight in the slum area was 4.9%, 28.5% and 6.5% respectively, whereas 4.9% wasted, 21.0% stunted and 5.7% underweight in the non-slum area. The study revealed that in slum as well as non-slum areas, the proportion of wasted was the same. Although maximum number of children in the slum had become stunted and underweight as compared to non-slums, but it was no statistically significant. Factors related to children: sex, early breastfeeding, colostrum feeding, birth weight, breastfeeding exclusiveness and children's number were statistically significant factors for nutritional status in slum while childhood diseases condition was associated factor in non-slum area. Mother related factors: mother occupation, mother height, age of child were associated factors in both settlement. Also, it reveled that that the joint effect was much stronger than the single effect to explorer the predictors of malnuttrition in both settlements.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122967416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Origin of Mass","authors":"Eak Raj Paudel","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42737","url":null,"abstract":"Thousands of physicists are working night and day to solve an even more fundamental problem. How do particles acquire mass? Although many of us would like to have less mass, particle theorists find it extremely difficult to explain how we have any at all. In this paper I attempt to explain the formation of mass by different approaches which may clarify the concept of mass.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123876826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘नथिया’ उपन्यासमा जाति, क्षण र वातावरण [Caste, moment and atmosphere in the novel 'Nathiya']","authors":"रमेश Ramesh प्रभात Prabhat","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42744","url":null,"abstract":"यस लेखमा समाजशास्त्रीय मान्यताका आधारमा नथिया उपन्यासभित्र रहेका जाति, क्षण र वातावरणको पहिचान गरी विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । प्रसिद्ध समाजशास्त्री हिप्पोलाइट तेनको समाजशास्त्रीय मान्यतालाई आधार मानी उक्त सैद्धान्तिक मान्यतासँग मेल खाने खालका साक्ष्यहरू उपन्यासभित्रबाट प्रस्तुत गरी तिनको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । नेपाली समाजमा रहेका जातिगत विविधताको अवस्था केलाउने काम जातिअन्तर्गत गरिएको छ । तत्कालीन नेपाली समाजको मूल्य, मान्यता, संस्कार, संस्कृतिलगायत राजनीतिक घटनालाई क्षणमार्फत् समेटेर विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यसर्थ क्षणअन्तर्गत समग्र युगीन अवस्था समटिएको छ । त्यस्तै वातावरणअन्तर्गत समाजको भौतिक तथा प्राकृतिक वातावरणका साथै सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक तथा राजनैतिक पक्षको पनि पहिचान गरिएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126742586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alienation and Double Consciousness in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Short Story “When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine\"","authors":"Dharmapal B Thapa","doi":"10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/bmcjsr.v2i1.42728","url":null,"abstract":"Decolonisation and globalisation have given tremendous impetus to the shift and mobility of people from the former colonies and semi colonies to the metropolitan locations. This has brought about big changes in how they live, how they think and what they experience. Designated as diaspora, this kind of living has offered some opportunities and at the same time posed multiple challenges and problems. In this article, an attempt has been made to analyse Jhumpa Lahiri’s short story “When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine” from the angle of how such diasporic living is problematic and full of tension and the characters’ psyche is drawn towards two conflicting cultural locations- the original and the cosmopolitan. The focus of the analysis is Mr. Pirzada, the central figure of the story. As the representation of this kind duality of living in literature is studied under the rubric known as Post Colonialism, I have used the theoretical views of the post colonial scholars like Arjun Appadhurai, Radhakrishnan Rajgopalan and others as conceptual tools for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":404599,"journal":{"name":"BMC Journal of Scientific Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133111984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}