Perspectives Demogràfiques最新文献_第3页

Job precariousness and poverty dynamics among households with children 有子女家庭的工作不稳定性和贫困动态

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.eng.27

Alba Lanau, Mariona Lozano

{"title":"Job precariousness and poverty dynamics among households with children","authors":"Alba Lanau, Mariona Lozano","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.eng.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.eng.27","url":null,"abstract":"In Spain, 70% of children in poverty live in households with one or more workers; equally, households with children make up the majority of households in in-work poverty (53%) despite representing only 27% of all households. However, in-work poverty and child poverty are often thought of as separate problems. Most analyses on in-work poverty in Spain use data from a single year and focus on working individuals. However, since households share needs and resources, understanding the factors that increase the risk of poverty requires studying households. In this work, carried out at the Demographic Studies Centre at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, we adopt a dynamic perspective to analyse the interrelationship between child and in-work poverty, and specifically the high in-work poverty rates in households with children and adolescents. Using longitudinal data from the Living Conditions Survey (2017-2020), we examine the role played by childbirth/adoption, the presence of children in the household and their age in the processes of impoverishment. We find that in 2020 only 4% of households entering in-work poverty experienced an increase in the number of children and adolescents in the household. In contrast, 37% of entrants experienced a decrease in income without decreasing the number of workers (for example, due to a temporary period of unemployment), and 29% a reduction in unemployment benefit income. Households with children tend to have greater difficulties in escaping poverty, which translates into longer periods in in-work poverty. We conclude that changes in employment status are more relevant than changes in household composition for understanding child and working poverty. Additionally, the role of risk factors such as temporary employment is compounded in households with children, further reducing their poverty exit rates. Reducing child poverty requires tackling in-work poverty and vice versa","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134260303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cambios de residencia en tiempos de COVID-19: un poco de oxígeno para el despoblamiento rural COVID-19时期的居住变化:为农村人口减少提供了一点氧气

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.esp.26

Miguel Gónzalez Leonardo, Antonio López-Gay, Joaquín Recaño Valverde, Francisco Rowe

{"title":"Cambios de residencia en tiempos de COVID-19: un poco de oxígeno para el despoblamiento rural","authors":"Miguel Gónzalez Leonardo, Antonio López-Gay, Joaquín Recaño Valverde, Francisco Rowe","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.esp.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.esp.26","url":null,"abstract":"Tras la irrupción de la pandemia de COVID-19, diversas voces, sobre todo desde ámbitos no académicos, especularon acerca de un potencial éxodo urbano hacia las áreas rurales. Sin embargo, esta hipótesis no ha podido ser corroborada hasta ahora debido a la falta de datos con el detalle territorial adecuado. En este Perspectives Demogràfiques se muestran los principales resultados de una investigación liderada por el Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics y la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, analizando las migraciones internas entre las ciudades, los espacios periurbanos y las áreas rurales durante el año 2020, comparando con los cuatro años que preceden a la pandemia. Para el análisis, se utilizan los microdatos de la Estadística de Variaciones Residenciales (EVR) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), que contienen todos los cambios de residencia entre los 8.131 municipios españoles. Los resultados muestran alteraciones reseñables en 2020, que se plasmaron principalmente en un descenso de los movimientos hacia las ciudades y en un aumento en las salidas desde ellas, especialmente hacia municipios rurales. Estos flujos de personas tuvieron un notable impacto demográfico en las áreas rurales. No obstante, a pesar de los cambios observados, la mayor parte de las migraciones internas fueron mayoritariamente entre ciudades, al igual que antes de la pandemia, y todo apunta a que se trató de un hecho coyuntural.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115329606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Changes of residence in times of COVID-19: a small respite from rural depopulation 2019冠状病毒病期间的居住变化:农村人口减少的短暂缓解

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.eng.26

Miguel Gónzalez Leonardo, A. López‐Gay, Joaquín Recaño Valverde, Francisco Rowe

{"title":"Changes of residence in times of COVID-19: a small respite from rural depopulation","authors":"Miguel Gónzalez Leonardo, A. López‐Gay, Joaquín Recaño Valverde, Francisco Rowe","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.eng.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.eng.26","url":null,"abstract":"After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, several commentators, especially from non-academic fields, speculated about a potential exodus from urban to rural areas. However, this hypothesis has not been confirmed due to a lack of data with information capturing changes of residence at local level. This issue of Perspectives Demogràfiques offers the main results of a study led by the Centre for Demographic Studies and the Autonomous University of Barcelona which analyses internal migration between cities, suburbs, and rural areas in 2020, compared to migration patterns during the four years preceding the pandemic. The analysis used microdata from the Residential Variation Statistics (EVR) of the Spanish Statistical Office (INE) which cover all changes of residence in the country’s 8,131 municipalities. The results show significant changes in internal migration patterns during 2020. In-migration to cities decreased, while out-migration increased, especially to rural areas. The latter flow had an important demographic impact on country villages. Despite these changes, internal migratory movements between and within urban areas dominated, as they did prior to the pandemic. At the same time, monthly data suggest that the changes are likely a temporary outcome.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115723417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Canvis de residència en temps de COVID-19: una mica d’oxigen per al despoblament rural

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.cat.26

Miguel Gónzalez Leonardo, Antonio López-Gay, Joaquín Recaño Valverde, Francisco Rowe

{"title":"Canvis de residència en temps de COVID-19: una mica d’oxigen per al despoblament rural","authors":"Miguel Gónzalez Leonardo, Antonio López-Gay, Joaquín Recaño Valverde, Francisco Rowe","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.cat.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.cat.26","url":null,"abstract":"Després de la irrupció de la pandèmia de COVID-19, diverses veus, sobretot des d’àmbits no acadèmics, van especular sobre un potencial èxode urbà cap a les àrees rurals. Malgrat això, aquesta hipòtesi no ha pogut ser corroborada fins ara a causa de la manca de dades amb el detall territorial adequat. En aquest Perspectives Demogràfiques es mostren els principals resultats d’una recerca del Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics i la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, que analitza les migracions internes entre les ciutats, els espais periurbans i les àrees rurals durant l’any 2020, i les compara amb els quatre anys que precedeixen la pandèmia. Per a l’anàlisi, s’utilitzen les microdades de l’Estadística de Variacions Residencials (EVR) de l’Institut Nacional d’Estadística (INE), que contenen tots els canvis de residència entre els 8.131 municipis espanyols. Els resultats de 2020 mostren alteracions remarcables, que es van plasmar principalment en un descens dels moviments cap a les ciutats i en un augment en les sortides des d’elles, especialment cap a municipis rurals. Aquests fluxos de persones van tenir un notable impacte demogràfic en les àrees rurals. Tanmateix, i malgrat els canvis observats, la major part de les migracions internes van ser majoritàriament entre ciutats, tal i com passava abans de la pandèmia, i tot apunta que es va tractar d’un fet conjuntural.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116088359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Households and real estate: Strategies of accumulation and inequality in Spain, 2002-2017 家庭与房地产:2002-2017年西班牙的积累与不平等策略

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.eng.25

Diederik Boertien, A. López‐Gay

{"title":"Households and real estate: Strategies of accumulation and inequality in Spain, 2002-2017","authors":"Diederik Boertien, A. López‐Gay","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.eng.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.eng.25","url":null,"abstract":"Real estate has traditionally been an important economic resource for Spanish households. The development of the real estate market in Spain during the 21st century brings forth two very different stories. The first story is one of obstacles to access housing. It has become increasingly hard to buy or rent a home. Housing prices have risen considerably in urban areas while people’s income changed very little. The second story is one of accumulation of properties. Housing has been, and continues to be, a form of saving, investment and speculation for small and large property-owners. Falling housing prices permitted resourceful households to accumulate more properties during the financial crisis. These two stories lead to the following question: How did changes in the ownership of properties impact inequality in Spain? In this Perspectives Demogràfiques, we analyse how developments in the real estate market are connected to wealth inequality in Spain. The results point at a polarization of access to property; both the number of households without property and the number of households with multiple properties increased over time. Because real estate is the most important form of household’s wealth, the accumulation of properties has become a non-negligible part of wealth inequality between households in Spain.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"48 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134017374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Llars i propietat immobiliària: estratègies d’acumulació i desigualtat a Espanya, 2002-2017

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.cat.25

Boertien Diederik, Antonio López-Gay

{"title":"Llars i propietat immobiliària: estratègies d’acumulació i desigualtat a Espanya, 2002-2017","authors":"Boertien Diederik, Antonio López-Gay","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.cat.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.cat.25","url":null,"abstract":"La propietat immobiliària ha representat tradicionalment una part substancial dels recursos econòmics de les llars espanyoles. L’evolució del mercat immobiliari al segle XXI a Espanya ha donat lloc a dues històries ben dispars. La primera història és la de la precarietat i les dificultats en l’accés a l’habitatge. Per a una part important de la població cada cop és més difícil comprar o llogar un habitatge. Els preus de l’habitatge han crescut notablement, sobretot a les grans urbs, mentre que els ingressos dels ciutadans i les llars no ho han fet al mateix ritme. La segona història és la de l’acumulació de propietats. L’habitatge a Espanya ha estat i continua sent una forma d’estalvi, d’inversió i d’especulació per a petits i grans propietaris. Les llars amb més recursos econòmics van aprofitar la caiguda dels preus de l’habitatge durant la crisi financera per acumular propietats. Aquestes dues històries ens condueixen a la següent pregunta: Quines han estat les conseqüències en la desigualtat dels canvis en la propietat d’immobles? En aquest Perspectives Demogràfiques, analitzem com està connectada l’evolució del mercat immobiliari amb la desigualtat de la riquesa a Espanya. Els resultats apunten cap a una polarització en l’accés a la propietat, ja que augmenten tant les llars sense propietats com les que en tenen tres o més. Com a conseqüència, l’acumulació de propietats immobiliàries s’ha convertit en un component cada cop més significatiu de la desigualtat de riquesa.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129007555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hogares y propiedad inmobiliaria: estrategias de acumulación y desigualdad en España, 2002-2017 家庭和房地产:2002-2017年西班牙的积累和不平等策略

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2021-11-09 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.esp.25

Diederik Boertien, Antonio López-Gay

{"title":"Hogares y propiedad inmobiliaria: estrategias de acumulación y desigualdad en España, 2002-2017","authors":"Diederik Boertien, Antonio López-Gay","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.esp.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.esp.25","url":null,"abstract":"La propiedad inmobiliaria ha representado tradicionalmente una parte sustancial de los recursos económicos de los hogares españoles. La evolución del mercado inmobiliario en el siglo XXI en España ha dado lugar a dos historias bien dispares. La primera historia es la de la precariedad y las dificultades de acceso a la vivienda. Para una parte importante de la población cada vez es más difícil comprar o alquilar una vivienda. Los precios de la vivienda han crecido notablemente, sobre todo en las grandes urbes, mientras que los ingresos de los ciudadanos y los hogares no lo han hecho al mismo ritmo. La segunda historia es la de la acumulación de propiedades. La vivienda en España ha sido y sigue siendo una forma de ahorro, inversión y especulación para pequeños y grandes propietarios. Los hogares con más recursos económicos aprovecharon la caída de los precios de la vivienda durante la crisis financiera para acumular propiedades. Estas dos historias nos conducen a la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cuáles han sido las consecuencias de los cambios en la propiedad de inmuebles en la desigualdad? En este Perspectives Demogràfiques, analizamos cómo la evolución del mercado inmobiliario está conectada con la desigualdad de la riqueza en España. Los resultados apuntan hacia una polarización en el acceso a la propiedad, ya que aumentan tanto los hogares sin propiedades como los que tienen tres o más. Como consecuencia, la acumulación de propiedades inmobiliarias se ha convertido en un componente cada vez más significativo de la desigualdad de riqueza.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131053976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shorter Lives with Poor Health: The Toll on Spain’s Less Educated Population 寿命缩短，健康状况不佳:西班牙受教育程度较低人口的损失

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.eng.24

A. Blanes, S. Trias-Llimós

{"title":"Shorter Lives with Poor Health: The Toll on Spain’s Less Educated Population","authors":"A. Blanes, S. Trias-Llimós","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.eng.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.eng.24","url":null,"abstract":"More than three years separate life expectancy at the age of 30 in more educated groups compared with those with low levels of education. Recent decades have seen considerable advances in the longevity of the Spanish population but these improvements mask the persistence of significant inequalities in health and mortality. Socioeconomic level is a discriminating factor in the health status of individuals throughout their lives and education is one of the most frequently used indicators in studies on social inequalities in health and mortality. In addition to being an indirect variable of the socioeconomic situation, educational level largely conditions the lifestyles and health preferences of individuals as well as their use of the resources of the social and healthcare system. In this issue of Perspectives Demogràfiques, we discuss the present-day differences in health and mortality in Spain according to educational level. These inequalities can be summarised as a threefold penalisation of less educated individuals in comparison with those with a high educational level: a) lower life expectancy; b) greater inequality in age at death; and c) a smaller proportion of years with quality of life.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131808840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Vivir menos y con peor salud: el peaje de la población menos instruida en España 更少的生活和更差的健康:西班牙受教育程度较低人口的代价

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.esp.24

A. Blanes, Sergi Trias-Llimós

{"title":"Vivir menos y con peor salud: el peaje de la población menos instruida en España","authors":"A. Blanes, Sergi Trias-Llimós","doi":"10.46710/ced.pd.esp.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46710/ced.pd.esp.24","url":null,"abstract":"Más de tres años separan la expectativa de vida a la edad 30 de los grupos más instruidos en comparación con aquellos con niveles de instrucción más bajos. En las últimas décadas se ha asistido a un sustancial avance en la longevidad de la población española, pero esas mejoras enmascaran la persistencia de significativas desigualdades en salud y mortalidad. El nivel socioeconómico constituye un factor discriminante del estado de salud de las personas a lo largo de su vida, siendo la educación uno de los indicadores más utilizados en los estudios sobre desigualdades sociales en mortalidad y salud. El nivel educativo, además de variable indirecta de la situación socioeconómica, condiciona en gran medida los estilos de vida y las preferencias hacia la salud de los individuos, así como el uso de los recursos del sistema sociosanitario. En este número de Perspectives Demogràfiques abordamos las actuales diferencias en mortalidad y salud en España según nivel educativo. Esas desigualdades pueden sintetizarse como una triple penalización de los menos instruidos en relación con los de mayor nivel educativo: a) unas menores expectativas de vida; b) una mayor desigualdad en la edad a la muerte; y c) una menor proporción de años con calidad de vida.","PeriodicalId":403189,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives Demogràfiques","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129211641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Covid-19: Does Housing Protect the Elderly in Latin America? Argentina and Colombia Compared with Spain 2019冠状病毒病:住房能保护拉丁美洲的老年人吗?阿根廷和哥伦比亚与西班牙相比

Perspectives Demogràfiques Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.46710/ced.pd.eng.20

Juan A. Módenes, Mariana Marcos, D. García

引用次数: 0