Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation最新文献_第3页

The effect of fermented milk containing lactobacillus casei on the immune response to exercise 含干酪乳杆菌发酵乳对运动免疫反应的影响

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512557

P. Pujol, J. Huguet, F. Drobnic, M. Banquells, O. Ruiz, P. Galilea, N. Segarra, S. Aguilera, A. Burnat, J. A. Mateos, E. Postaire

{"title":"The effect of fermented milk containing lactobacillus casei on the immune response to exercise","authors":"P. Pujol, J. Huguet, F. Drobnic, M. Banquells, O. Ruiz, P. Galilea, N. Segarra, S. Aguilera, A. Burnat, J. A. Mateos, E. Postaire","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512557","url":null,"abstract":"There is evidence that exhaustive exercise produces depression of the immune system, especially on the number and activity of Natural killer (NK) cells. On the other hand, fermented milk has been shown to moderate the immune response by inducing NK activity. The present work was carried out to determine if a Lactobacillus casei (LC) fermented milk supplemented diet would provide protection of the immune system against an exercise induced immune system depression of NK cells. Twenty‐five athletes were selected out of 94 for their significant decrease in NK cell concentration compared with a normal basal concentration in plasma 2 h after an exercise stress test. Subjects ingested a daily fermented milk diet with LC for one month and a standard milk diet also for one month. After each phase of dieting, a subject was investigated before, 5 min and 2 h after an exercise stress test, testing for NK cells and IL‐1β IL‐6, IL‐2, IFNγ, IgA, IgM, IgG, NK cells, CD8, CD4, CD3 and sIL‐2 receptor. A significant smaller decrease of NK cell concentration after 2 h was found in the fermented milk feeding phase vs. the standard milk period.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115647437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation during closed kinetic chain exercise on lower extremity performance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 闭式动力链运动中神经肌肉电刺激对前交叉韧带重建后下肢运动表现的影响

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512559

Michael D Ross

{"title":"The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation during closed kinetic chain exercise on lower extremity performance following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","authors":"Michael D Ross","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512559","url":null,"abstract":"No studies have examined the effect of augmenting closed kinetic chain (CKCh) exercises with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of supplementing a CKCh training program with NMES during the initial six weeks following ACL reconstruction on anterior tibiofemoral joint laxity and the following CKCh performance activities: (1) unilateral squat, (2) 0.10 m lateral step‐up test and (3) anterior reach test. Twenty patients who underwent ACL reconstruction were randomly placed in two treatment groups post surgery: group 1 performed CKCh exercise with NMES applied to the quadriceps and hamstring musculature of the ACL reconstructed lower limb and group 2 performed CKCh exercise alone. Following five weeks of either CKCh training program, performance on the lower limb CKCh tests and knee arthrometry was compared between the two groups by multivariate analysis of variance. No significant difference was noted between the groups with respect to the non‐involved lower limb's performance. The ACL reconstructed lower limb in the combined CKCh and NMES group performed significantly better on the unilateral squat and lateral step‐up test than did the ACL reconstructed lower limb in the CKCh exercise alone group. It is concluded that augmenting CKCh training with NMES during the initial six weeks following ACL reconstruction produces a better lower limb performance effort than is attributable to a CKCh training program without NMES.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114874680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

The relationship between marathon running performance and indices of aerobic power during the competition period 马拉松跑成绩与比赛期间有氧能力指标的关系

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512560

A. Nurmekivi, H. Lemberg, Ü. Kaljumäe, J. Maaroos

{"title":"The relationship between marathon running performance and indices of aerobic power during the competition period","authors":"A. Nurmekivi, H. Lemberg, Ü. Kaljumäe, J. Maaroos","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512560","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present research was to investigate: 1. the connections of marathon running competition results with aerobic power output indices immediately prior to a top competition; 2. whether the revealed relationship is compatible with training strategy logic preceding a competition. Five marathon runners of good training condition were examined. An incremental treadmill test to maximum was performed. VO2max, maximal test time, maximal heart rate, O2 uptake at the aerobic and anaerobic threshold level, aerobic and anaerobic threshold onset time and a marathon running competition result were recorded. Correlation analysis revealed a high relationship between the competition result and maximal test duration (r= — 0.89) and anaerobic threshold onset time (r = —0.95). The % of VO2max at the anaerobic threshold is also an important index of the competition result. The relation between the marathon run time and aerobic power output indices during the competition period proved that the preceding training methods based on the principle of stimulating an anaerobic threshold increase, a greater aerobic power and greater aerobic efficiency, promotes an optimal racing condition at the time of competition.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126167975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The relationship of physical and physiological parameters to 2000 m simulated rowing performance 身体和生理参数与2000米模拟赛艇性能的关系

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512562

E. Gillies, G. Bell

{"title":"The relationship of physical and physiological parameters to 2000 m simulated rowing performance","authors":"E. Gillies, G. Bell","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512562","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to describe the physiological requirements of a 2000 m simulated rowing performance, and to examine the relationship between this performance and various physical and physiological parameters. The measurements made on 22 female and 10 male rowers included a 2000 m simulated rowing performance, height, body mass, ventilatory threshold (VT), power output at VT (PO at VT), heart rate at VT, absolute maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), power output at VO2max (PO at VO2max), and leg and bench press one repetition maximum (1 RM). A 2000 m simulated rowing test was performed at a mean intensity of 90.2% of VO2max, 77.0% of the PO at VO2max, and at 95.8% of HRmax. Significant correlation was found between the 2000 m rowing time and a competitor's height (r= —0.83), body mass (r = ‐0.69), VT (r = ‐0.81), PO at VT (r=‐0.74), VO2max (r = ‐0.96), PO at VO2max (r = — 0.83) and all strength variables (r = —0.56 to —0.79), respectively. Stepwise multiple regression indicated that the absolute VO2max was the best predictor of 2000 m simulated rowing performance (p ≤ 0.05). It was also found that males utilize strength to a greater degree than female to perform the 2000 m simulated rowing performance trial.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124489279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Ingestion of creatine monohydrate immediately prior to exercise does not increase performance in creatine loaded individuals 运动前立即摄入一水肌酸不会提高肌酸负荷个体的表现

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512561

C. Earnest, B. O. Whyte, V. Ben-Ezra, A. Almada, S. Beckham

{"title":"Ingestion of creatine monohydrate immediately prior to exercise does not increase performance in creatine loaded individuals","authors":"C. Earnest, B. O. Whyte, V. Ben-Ezra, A. Almada, S. Beckham","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512561","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty‐four participants (15 men; 9 women) performed baseline testing (day 1) after following a standard unsupplemented diet. This was followed by the daily ingestion of a creatine formulation dietary loading sequence for 5 days (days 2–6, Phosphagen HP™ 5.25 g creatine mono‐hydrate (CR) 4‐ 33 g dextrose). Loading consisted of 4 servings of Phosphagen HP™ per day. On day 7, participants were randomly assigned to one of three double‐blind treatments administered 1 h before testing. During treatment, subjects were randomly fed: (a) 10 g of CR, (b) 80 g of dextrose, or (c) 10 g of CR + 80 g of dextrose. Variables evaluating the effectiveness of the different regimens included body mass, two 30‐s Wingate anaerobic performance power tests and measurement of serum creatine concentration 65 and 5 min before each trial. Plasma ammonia concentration was also measured 65 min before and 5 min after each trial. The results of this trial show a significant non‐placebo controlled effect for the pooled, group and gender data (P ≤ 0.05). Following 5 days of Phosphagen HP™ loading, significant pooled group mean changes were: (1) body mass (+1.08 kg), (2) anaerobic power (1st Wingate = + 1.28 kJ; 2nd Wingate 2 = (+1.92kJ), (3) serum creatine concentration 65 min prior to testing trials (+624.06 μmol · L−1) and (4) post‐test plasma ammonia concentration (—83.63 μmol · L−1). However, on day 7, in placebo group condition, no between group performance effects were noted following an acute 10 g oral bolus of CR 1 h prior to the exercise test. It is concluded that no performance benefit is due to acute ingestion of CR 1 h before exercise in CR loaded individuals.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128384660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of back pain in golfers: Etiology and prevention 高尔夫球手背部疼痛的回顾:病因学和预防

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512554

D. Seaman, R. Bulbulian

引用次数: 11

Submaximal exercise in young female subjects on land and in water with and without hand‐held weights 年轻女性受试者在陆上和水中有或没有手持重量的次极限运动

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512553

S. V. von Duvillard, Linda M. Le Mura, S. Presper, J. Plaud, A. Rohrer

{"title":"Submaximal exercise in young female subjects on land and in water with and without hand‐held weights","authors":"S. V. von Duvillard, Linda M. Le Mura, S. Presper, J. Plaud, A. Rohrer","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512553","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the metabolic and physiologic responses to sub‐maximal exercise on land and in water with and without 0.90 kg (2.0 pounds) hand‐held weights in young women. Eight apparently healthy women (mean ± SD for age: 19.8 ± 1.6 years; height: 164.1 ± 8.4 cm; weight: 64.8 ±8.6) completed a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) and four submaximal exercise tests: (1) on land with hand‐held weights; (2) on land without hand‐held weights; (3) in neck‐depth water with hand‐held weights and (4) in neck‐depth water without hand‐held weights. Analysis of heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (Vo2), ventilation (V E ), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), blood lactate [LA‐] and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) respectively was conducted in all tests. A 2 x 2 (environment x weights) analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated there was a significantly lower HR and Vo2 subject response to water exercise than to land exercise of the same type. The addition of hand‐held weights to the exercise load in the water significantly increased the HR after only 21 min of exercise. The addition of weights in the water did not increase the resistance or “drag” in the water during arm movements, as indicated by the non‐significant metabolic change between measurements in the water with weights compared with water exercise without weights. Response in VE and [LA‐] to the two exercise conditions produced a significantly higher response on land with weights than in water. The lowest value for rating the exertion (RPE) was generated during water exercise. These data indicate that water is an effective exercise stimulus and a suitable mode of water aided activity for those who are elderly, overweight or suffer from orthopedic injury. An additional advantage to water exercise was a reduced perception of effort by the subjects compared with land exercise of the same type.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131285460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Passive hip flexion does not increase during or following ultrasound treatment of the hamstrings musculature 被动髋屈曲不增加期间或之后超声治疗腘绳肌组织

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512555

L. Boone, C. Ingersoll, M. Cordova

{"title":"Passive hip flexion does not increase during or following ultrasound treatment of the hamstrings musculature","authors":"L. Boone, C. Ingersoll, M. Cordova","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512555","url":null,"abstract":"The stretching window is a theoretical concept that refers to the period of maximum tissue temperature increase during and immediately following ultrasound treatment. This study was conducted to determine if an optimal time period exists for combining ultrasonic heat and stretching to obtain maximum joint range of motion; essentially, evaluate the existence of a stretching window. A 1 x 5 factorial design was used. The independent variable was time with 5 levels (5 min into treatment or 1½, 3½, 6, or 10 min following treatment). The dependent variable was maximum passive hip flexion range of motion (PHROM). Fifty healthy graduate and undergraduate students (27 males, 23 females) aged 24.1 y ±3.4 (s.d.), height 174.1 cm ± 16.2 (s.d.), and mass 74.1 kg ± 16.6 (s.d.) participated in the study. All subjects were free from significant lower extremity injury and had less than 90° PHROM. A range of motion pre‐test was measured for each subject. Each subject then had a range of motion post‐test taken 5 min into and at l½, 3½, 6, and 10 min following a 3 MHz ultrasound treatment of the hamstrings musculature using an electrogoniometer. A one‐way ANCOVA (with pre‐test ROM as the covariate) was used to determine if a difference in ROM existed between groups. No difference in PHROM existed between any of the 5 treatment groups (F(4, 44) = 0.28, P = 0.889). A theoretical stretching window possibly exists, since a maximum tissue temperature increase has been measured during and immediately following ultrasound treatment. However, this theoretical stretching window does not appear to translate into increased tissue extensibility in the hamstring musculature either during or following ultrasound treatment.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116730353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effects of an acute bout of exercise on high density lipoprotein cholesterol following consumption of a high or low fat diet 高脂或低脂饮食后急性运动对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512556

M. Kern, D. Harris, Heidi D. Broder, J. Edmondson

引用次数: 1

Intermittent walking fails to alter physiological responses to a paced 24 km run 间歇步行不能改变对24公里跑步的生理反应

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512558

M. M. Stanton, S. Petersen, R. Dressendorfer

{"title":"Intermittent walking fails to alter physiological responses to a paced 24 km run","authors":"M. M. Stanton, S. Petersen, R. Dressendorfer","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512558","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of continuous running (CR) and systematic run/walk (R9W1) exercise on physiological variables and running economy was compared in nine novice female runners who completed two randomly assigned 24 km run protocols separated by two weeks. The mean (±SD) VO2 max and age of the runners was 45.7 ± 4.8 ml · min−1 · kg−1 and 34 ± 9 years respectively. The R9W1 consisted of 9 min of running followed by 1 min of brisk walking. The two protocols were matched such that each subject completed both runs in the same elapsed time, which required a mean pace increase of 5.8 ± 1.9 m · min−1 during the running phase of the R9W1. Selected physiological responses V E , VO 2 , heart rate and rating perceived exertion were evaluated during treadmill exercise at the individual CR pace before and after each trial for estimation of running economy. Plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity was measured pre‐, immediately post‐ and at 24, 48 and 72 h after each run. Both protocols resulted in a significantly decreased running economy (p ≤ 0.05), however no difference was observed between the CR and R9W1. The rating of perceived exertion was similar during both protocols. CK activity increased significantly at 24 h after both the CR and R9W1 trials (1135.0 ± 542.79 and 1273.28 ± 376.62 IU · 1−1, respectively), although peak CK activity was not different. These results suggest that regular walking breaks during a paced 24 km run do not reduce fatigue or muscular stress compared with CR when elapsed time is equated.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115633331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2