Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation最新文献_第2页

Immune Function in Adolescent Tennis Athletes and Controls 青少年网球运动员的免疫功能及其对照

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10578310127606

D. Henson, D. Nieman, M. Kernodle

引用次数: 9

Exercise Dependence and Overtraining: The Physiological and Psychological Consequences of Excessive Exercise 运动依赖和过度训练:过度运动的生理和心理后果

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10578310210395

Jeremy Adams, R. Kirkby

引用次数: 38

Effects of two entrainment patterns on performance of female novice rowers 两种诱导方式对女性新手赛艇成绩的影响

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620109512094

L. Wiley, Jennifer Robinson, D. Reid, Gordon E. Shkurhan, Glen J. David, K. Coutts, D. Mckenzie

{"title":"Effects of two entrainment patterns on performance of female novice rowers","authors":"L. Wiley, Jennifer Robinson, D. Reid, Gordon E. Shkurhan, Glen J. David, K. Coutts, D. Mckenzie","doi":"10.1080/15438620109512094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620109512094","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Rowers who entrain breathing frequency to stroke rate do so in either a 1:1 or 2:1 pattern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance and physiological difference that occurs between the practice of these two patterns of breathing. Methods: Fifteen novice female rowers (age =19.7 ± 1.6 yr.; body mass = 70.9 ±6.3 kg; height = 174.4 ±4.4 cm) were randomly assigned to complete a 2000 meter rowing ergometer test alternatively using each breathing pattern one week apart. Expired gases and breathing frequencies were measured using a Medical Graphics CPX‐D metabolic system. Heart rate (fc) was recorded using direct lead ECG. Stroke rate was obtained from the Concept II Ergometer. Results: Repeated measures MANOVA determined that when the breathing frequency was 2 breaths per stroke (2:1 versus 1:1), the time to complete the test was significantly shorter (490 ± 24.8 vs. 514 ± 11.3 s, p ≤ 0.05) and power output was greater (203.4 ± 21.5 vs. 184.5 ± 20.4 W, p ≤ 0.05). Oxygen uptake during each test did not differ significantly (2:1 = 2.7 ± 0.2; 1:1 = 2.5 ± 0.4 L/min, p > 0.05) despite an increased heart rate during the 2:1 trial (186.5 ± 8.9 vs. 175.7 ± 17.0 bpm, p = ≤ 0.05). The end tidal carbon dioxide tension (PETCO2) and tidal volume values were significantly lower during the 2:1 vs. the 1:1 condition (35.8±3.3vs. 45.1±3.4mmHg, p ≤ 0.05) and (2.1±0.3vs. 2.6 ± 0.3 L, p ≤ 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: Entrainment at 2 breaths per stroke results in a significant improvement in performance during a standard 2000 m rowing ergometer test compared to a 1:1 pattern of breathing. Entrainment of one breath per stroke leads to carbon dioxide retention, which may result in respiratory acidosis and a negative impact on performance.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125498590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dysfunction of the motor system in sports shooters 运动射击运动员运动系统的功能障碍

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620109512092

V. Zeman, K. Pitr

引用次数: 3

Age and exercise induced changes in glutathione metabolism of male albino rats 年龄和运动对雄性白化大鼠谷胱甘肽代谢的影响

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620109512103

C. Lakshmi, K. Indira

引用次数: 0

Power spectrum of heart rate variability in exercising humans: The effect of exercise intensity 运动人体心率变异性的功率谱:运动强度的影响

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620109512095

P. Stejskal, Jana Rechbergová, J. Salinger, R. Šlachta, M. Elfmark, Martn Kalina, R. Jurča, Iva Řehová

{"title":"Power spectrum of heart rate variability in exercising humans: The effect of exercise intensity","authors":"P. Stejskal, Jana Rechbergová, J. Salinger, R. Šlachta, M. Elfmark, Martn Kalina, R. Jurča, Iva Řehová","doi":"10.1080/15438620109512095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620109512095","url":null,"abstract":"Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) has been estimated by means of a Fourier transform method at rest in seven healthy men and three women, during a 30‐minutes steady state cycle exercise test at 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% respectively, of maximal heart rate reserve (MHRR) defined as (HRmax ‐ HRrest). Total power (PT) of HRV was divided into three separate components (PHf, Plf, and Pvlf). All four indices for HRV decreased significantly with increasing exercise intensity. The fractional Pvlf (%VLF), VLF/LF ratio, and VLF/HF ratio increased significantly with increasing exercise intensity. On the contrary, %LF and %HF decreased significantly with increasing exercise intensity. The following conclusions were made: (1) the contribution of parasympathetic activity to the power spectrum of HRV decreases with exercise intensity; (2) the change in %VLF, VLF/LF ratio, and VLF/HF ratio respectively, can be used as indices of change in sympathovagal balance during exercise; (3) the change in the LF/HF ratio cannot be used during exercise as an index of change in sympathovagal balance, since a change in vagal activity effects predominantly both numerator and denominator of the LF/HF ratio.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115923288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Time Motion Analysis and Physiological Profile of Canadian World Cup Wheelchair Basketball Players 加拿大世界杯轮椅篮球运动员时间运动分析及生理特征

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/10578310210398

L. Bloxham, Gordon J. Bell, Y. Bhambhani, R. Steadward

{"title":"Time Motion Analysis and Physiological Profile of Canadian World Cup Wheelchair Basketball Players","authors":"L. Bloxham, Gordon J. Bell, Y. Bhambhani, R. Steadward","doi":"10.1080/10578310210398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10578310210398","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the time elite wheelchair basketball players spent performing various game activities during a World Cup game, measure the heart rate response during such activity, and describe the physiological profile of each player participating in the game. Six male members of the Canadian World Cup wheelchair basketball team were videotaped during an entire game to determine the time spent performing seven different categories of activity. Time motion analysis indicated that players spent 8.9% of the game time sprinting, 23.5% gliding, 18.2% contesting for ball possession, 0.6% sprinting with the ball, 0.3% shooting, and 48.3% resting on the bench and floor. Twenty percent (20%) of game time was played at an intensity above the ventilatory threshold. The group mean value for peak oxygen uptake during incremental wheelchair exercise on rollers was 2.60L/min and group mean peak 5 and 30 second anaerobic power development on an arm crank ergometer was 486.3 W and 336.8 W, respectively, suggest that training for and playing elite wheelchair basketball induces significant improvement in these tests of fitness.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131531653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56

Physiological response to treadmill walking in water at different speeds and temperatures 跑步机在水中不同速度和温度下行走的生理反应

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620109512101

K. Buck, L. Mcnaughton, R. Sherman, D. Bentley, A. Batterham

{"title":"Physiological response to treadmill walking in water at different speeds and temperatures","authors":"K. Buck, L. Mcnaughton, R. Sherman, D. Bentley, A. Batterham","doi":"10.1080/15438620109512101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620109512101","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of temperature and speed on the physiological response to walking on a water‐based treadmill. Methods: Six subjects walked on the treadmill for 30 minutes, at nine different combinations of water temperature and walking speed (30, 35, 40°C and 4, 5, 6 kmhr−1), in a randomized order. Blood lactate concentration (BLa), heart rate (HR), oxygen uptake (VO2) rating of thermal sensation (RTS) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE), were recorded at rest in the water, prior to each test, every five minutes during each test and again at the end of a five minute recovery period. Results: Mean VO2 and BLa concentration significantly increased during each trial and with each increase in speed. BLa concentration significantly increased with an increase in water temperature from 30°C to 35 °C. HR, RPE, and RTS significantly increased during each trial and with each increase in speed. RTS also increased significantly with increased temperature and HR significantly increased with an increase in temperature from 30°C to 40°C. Conclusions: Treadmill walking at increasing speed in water of increasing temperature provides an increased physiological stress above that normally found with laboratory‐based treadmill exercise. This could provide a suitable rehabilitative activity for injured individuals.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131653105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

An incremental brake force protocol for arm crank anaerobic testing of wheelchair athletes 轮椅运动员臂曲柄无氧测试的增量制动力方案

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620109512102

S. Mercer, P. Beehler

{"title":"An incremental brake force protocol for arm crank anaerobic testing of wheelchair athletes","authors":"S. Mercer, P. Beehler","doi":"10.1080/15438620109512102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620109512102","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) paradigm of setting cycle brake resistance relative to body weight has limited value in a lower limb impaired population. The purpose of this investigation is to define a loading scheme that elicits optimal performance of a wheelchair athlete on a WAnT using the Monark 881 arm‐crank ergometer. Seventeen elite male wheelchair basketball athletes performed a randomized series of 30 second WAnTs at four absolute brake force loads (3.50, 4.25, 5.00, and 5.75 kg) and an additional single 10 second maximal velocity WAnT using a 3.00kg load. A repeated measures ANOVA identified a significant difference in peak power {p < .01, F(3,47) = 25.46} and in mean power output {p < .01, F(3, 47) = 30.39} attributable to the variation in load. Post hoc analysis indicated that the mean optimal load for this elite group was the highest load examined. The relationship of each individual's optimal load with peak performance (average revolutions/minute for the peak 3 seconds) on a. 10 second maximal velocity test (MV3) was then used to develop a testing scheme in which an absolute load may be proposed to measure anaerobic power optimally based on performance in a maximal velocity test. Additional testing is recommended to expand this model to include non‐elite wheelchair users.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131008853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical aerobic power during simulated 20 km bicycle racing 模拟20公里自行车比赛中的临界有氧能量

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15438620009512563

M. Stickland, S. Petersen, R. Dressendorfer

{"title":"Critical aerobic power during simulated 20 km bicycle racing","authors":"M. Stickland, S. Petersen, R. Dressendorfer","doi":"10.1080/15438620009512563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620009512563","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships between the Lactate Threshold (LT), maximal oxygen uptake (KO2max), performance time, and Critical Aerobic Power (CAP) during a simulated 20 km cycling time trial (20 kmTT). CAP was operationally defined as the average oxygen uptake sustained during the 20 kmTT. The subjects were 11 experienced male cyclists (mean±SD age: 29±7.2 yr; VO2max: 4.51±0.11 (L · min−1). Each subject completed two 20 kmTT using their own racing bicycle on a custom designed, computerized roller system. Elapsed time for the best trial averaged 34.58 ±3.29 min. Test‐retest reliability estimates for elapsed time, average heart rate and VO2 during the two trials were 0.92, 0.98 and 0.98, respectively. Oxygen uptake during the 20 kmTT averaged 115% of VO2 at LT and 86% of FO2max· A significant correlation was found between CAP and performance time (r= —0.81, p ≤ 0.01). Significant correlations were found between CAP and VO2 at LT (r = 0.62, p ≤ 0.05) and CAP and VO2max (r = 0.97, p ≤ 0.05). Using stepwise regression, VO2max was the strongest predictor of CAP with no further contribution from VO2 at LT. It was concluded that CAP is a strong determinant of cycling performance for 30–40 min duration. In this study, CAP was dependent more on VO2max than on the LT.","PeriodicalId":403174,"journal":{"name":"Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131859900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12