Keiko Watanabe, C. Nakashima, A. Matsuo, Maiko Kato, S. Yanagihara, N. Oiso, A. Otsuka
{"title":"Summary of COVID-19 vaccine-related erythema multiforme at Kindai University Hospital, Japan","authors":"Keiko Watanabe, C. Nakashima, A. Matsuo, Maiko Kato, S. Yanagihara, N. Oiso, A. Otsuka","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1653","url":null,"abstract":"The recently extended use of mRNA vaccines due to the COVID-19 pandemic has allowed the description of multiple cutaneous adverse events including local injection site reactions, urticaria, and morbilliform eruptions. COVID-19 vaccine-related cutaneous reaction patterns can be divided into type Ⅰ hypersensitivity reactions, type Ⅳ hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmune-related, and functional angiopathies based on pathogenesis. Erythema multiforme (EM), a type IV hypersensitivity reaction, has also been reported from several centers. We experienced the remarkable improvement of COVID-19 vaccine-related EM with systemic administration of prednisolone and summarized six cases experienced in our department.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129957689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Harnessing the crosstalk of adipocytes, autophagy, and immune cells for immunotherapy in obesity","authors":"G. Guerrero M","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1654","url":null,"abstract":"As a self-degradative and recycling program, autophagy plays an essential role in homeostasis and life. The connection between autophagy and the status of the adipose tissue (white or beige/brown) links to metabolic diseases such as obesity, type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, autophagy and the renin-angiotensin physiological system play a pivotal role in metabolic syndrome, a disease that can disrupt homeostasis in different organs, including adipose tissue. The crosstalk in adipose tissue maintains low inflammation, brown adipocytes, and autophagic machinery under control. The JAK-STAT signalization pathway and the paracrine action of hormones, adipokines, and cytokines play a role in maintaining the status of low inflammation, brown adipocytes, and autophagic machinery to harness the utmost for obesity immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128716377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autoinflammatory disease, Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome and further perspective","authors":"Fukumi Furukawa","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1710","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>N/A</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"14 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120857074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The concise review of etiology, pathology, and treatment strategy of polyarteritis nodosa","authors":"T. Ikeda","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1452","url":null,"abstract":"Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a necrotizing vasculitis that targets medium-sized muscular arteries and can involve small-sized arteries. The pathogenesis of classic PAN remains unclear, except for secondary PAN or vasculitis that is indistinguishable from PAN due to genetic abnormalities such as deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2. The histopathological characters of PAN change over time from the onset. The type of remission induction therapy to be adopted depends on the disease severity. When it results in remission, corticosteroid dose reduction will begin and will be shifted to remission maintenance therapy.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124316776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bharani Krishna Takkella, Mulagolla Sirisha, C. Sunil, Tejaswin Polepalle, Katravath MadhuKiran Naik, Chaitanya Krishna Thakkella, V. Sujana, Bhavya Sri Sai Kandi
{"title":"Antioxidants: The counterstriking immunomodulators in therapeutics of oral lesions","authors":"Bharani Krishna Takkella, Mulagolla Sirisha, C. Sunil, Tejaswin Polepalle, Katravath MadhuKiran Naik, Chaitanya Krishna Thakkella, V. Sujana, Bhavya Sri Sai Kandi","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1438","url":null,"abstract":"Antioxidants are a group of natural phytochemicals found in dietary ingredients that can be utilised to treat oral lesions and diseases. They are employed as chemical compound alternatives since they have less adverse effects. The dietary antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables reduce the damage by modulating detoxification enzymes, increasing immune system, and hormone metabolism. Scientists were drawn to antioxidants because of their ability to modify cell cycle controls, apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. They have demonstrated significant success as single treatments or in combination with chemo-preventive medicines for oral lesions.Inside this article, we will look at the immuno-modulating effects of antioxidants, which aid in the treatments and even sometimes avoidance of numerous oral and maxillofacial conditions that contribute to morbidity, such as autoimmune lesions, and death, such as oral cancer. Antioxidants are chemicals that considerably impede or decrease the degradation of a living matter and defend the organism from oxidative harm. As a result, the sickness will be significantly reduced.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115478829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum successfully treated with cyclo-sporine","authors":"Shoko Urano, Jinnroh Abe, H. Kikuchi","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1474","url":null,"abstract":"Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum (PPG) is an uncommon subtype of pyoderma gangrenosum. We describe a 74-year-old woman without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who developed PG around the jejunostomy and was successfully treated with cyclosporine. In our case, irritations by a lumbar corset and repeated sutures around the jejunostomy seemed to have caused pathergy reaction. It is noteworthy that 20% of PPG patients do not have IBD and therefore patients presenting PPG without IBD should not be overlooked.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126566793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Takeuchi, Ayumi Yamanishi, Y. Kumagai, T. Yokoyama
{"title":"Successful combined treatment with omalizumab and tocilizumab in a case of chronic spontaneous urticaria and rheumatoid arthritis: A case report and literature review","authors":"N. Takeuchi, Ayumi Yamanishi, Y. Kumagai, T. Yokoyama","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i2.1443","url":null,"abstract":"Omalizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody used to treat uncontrolled chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Sometimes patients with CSU also have other autoimmune conditions. Recent studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of a combination treatment with omalizumab and other biologics. Here, we report the first successful treatment with omalizumab for CSU and tocilizumab for rheumatoid arthritis. Since omalizumab is unlikely to cause severe immunosuppression, it may be a treatment option for CSU, even in patients treated with other biologics.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129024409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Murakami, S. Azuma, K. Baba, M. Taniguchi, Fukumi Furukawa
{"title":"Activation of proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) simultaneously induces interleukin 8 (IL-8) and suppresses monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in HaCaT cells","authors":"Y. Murakami, S. Azuma, K. Baba, M. Taniguchi, Fukumi Furukawa","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i1.1472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i1.1472","url":null,"abstract":"Allergic diseases are currently considered diseases of excessive type 2 inflammation created by orchestration between the innate and acquired immune systems. Since pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are present in epidermal keratinocytes, it is noteworthy that aggravating factors of allergic diseases act directly on keratinocytes via PRRs. To investigate the relationship between the activation of PRRs and inflammation, we stimulated a keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells) with agonists against proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, and TLR4, alone or in combination, and we evaluated the changes in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Activation of TLR2 or TLR4 alone induced interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in an agonist concentration-dependent manner. Simultaneous activation of TLR2 and TLR4 induced IL-8 synergistically, MCP-1 in an additive trend, and IL-6 weakly but synergistically. PAR-2 activation of HaCaT cells induced IL-6 and IL-8 but suppressed MCP-1 in an agonist concentration-dependent manner. The enhancement of IL-8 and the suppression of MCP-1 by PAR-2 activation were both neutralized by the PAR-2 antagonist AZ3451, supporting the possibility that PAR-2 activation simultaneously induces the following opposing effects in inflammation: enhancement of IL-8 and suppression of MCP-1. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway inhibitor BAY 11-7082 neutralized the induction of IL-8 but not the suppression of MCP-1 by PAR-2 activation, indicating that PAR-2 activation induces activation of the NF-κB pathway, and that the suppression of MCP-1 by PAR-2 activation is not related to the NF-κB pathway.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130062343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular pathogenesis of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis","authors":"M. Jinnin","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i1.1453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i1.1453","url":null,"abstract":"The principal cause of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis is thought to be excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in multiple organs. The main component of matrix is thought to be collagen, especially type I collagen, which is one of the most abundant proteins in the mammalian body. Various factors have been estimated to be involved in the mechanism of their excessive deposition in fibrotic tissues of systemic sclerosis. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on these factors.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123394238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IL-27 regulates cytokine production as a double-edged sword in keratinocytes","authors":"A. Aioi, T. Imamichi","doi":"10.24294/ti.v6.i1.1436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i1.1436","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammaging is a subject of considerable attention, because aging is characterized by low-grade, chronic, and asymptomatic inflammation, concomitant with increased blood levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). However, IL-27 is currently not categorized as a SASP factor, although it is known to play pleiotropic roles in inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the interaction between TNF-α and IL-27 in context of low-grade inflammation using HaCaT cells. TNF-α induced significant upregulation of the mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-8 at the experimental concentration (~10ng/ml), while the mRNA levels of IL-1RA, IL-10, and IL-18BP were unchanged. After confirming the expression of functional IL-27 receptors in HaCaT cells, we examined the effects of IL-27 alone on cytokine expression. IL-27 alone significantly upregulated the mRNA levels of IL-10, IL-18BP and IL-6 by 1.61-fold, 1.46-fold, and 2.32-fold, respectively. In the presence of 100 ng/ml of IL-27, the mRNA levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1RA, IL-10 and IL-18BP, were significantly upregulated upon treatment with TNF-α at the physiological concentration (1 ng/ml). Taken together, this study indicates that a high concentration of IL-27 exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in the presence of a low concentration of TNF-α, in keratinocytes, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory role of IL-27 in inflammaging may be regulated by TNF-α concentration.","PeriodicalId":401129,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunotherapy","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125624734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}