Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research最新文献

{"title":"The Future of Work in the Public Service: Understanding Public Servants’ Attitudes and Perspectives on Return to Office and Hybrid Work","authors":"M. Gintova","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598545","url":null,"abstract":"Impact of the COVID-19 on the nature of work cannot be overstated. In Canada, following the largest and quickest transition to remote work ever, public servants were working from home in 2020 and 2021. As governments come out of the pandemic, they begin to reflect on the lessons learned and how these impact existing work arrangements. This research analyzes attitudes and perspectives of current and former public servants in the Public Service of Canada on return to office and hybrid work shared anonymously on Reddit and discusses how these can inform digital government initiatives. Preliminary results suggest that many public servants had neutral or positive sentiments with regards to the hybrid work model and were predominantly focused on the need to understand the value of being in the office and reasons behind government decisions. There were, however, calls for action against mandated return to office - from “quiet quitting” to labor action.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"180 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123188690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy guidelines to facilitate collective action towards quantum-safety: Recommended policy guidelines to aid and facilitate collective action in migration towards quantum-safe public key infrastructure systems","authors":"L. Christiansen, Nitesh Bharosa, M. Janssen","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598480","url":null,"abstract":"As the development of quantum computers advances, actors relying on public key infrastructures (PKI) for secure information exchange are becoming aware of the disruptive implications. Currently, governments and businesses employ PKI for many core processes that may become insecure or unavailable when quantum computers break the cryptographic algorithms foundational to PKI. While standardization institutes are currently testing quantum safe cryptographic algorithms, there are no globally agreed-upon cryptographic solutions available. Actors looking to prepare for the implementation of quantum safe cryptographic algorithms lack methods that allow for collective planning and action across organizations, sectors, and nations. The goal of this policy paper is to elicit requirements for a serious game on QS PKI, and derive policy guidelines that actors can use to prepare and formulate governance arrangements. We followed a two-step approach, drawing on technology threat avoidance theory and collective action theory, followed by empirical grounding through a focus group. The results from the literature confirm that a serious game could be a suitable governance mechanism for QS PKI. The focus group results discussed 12 requirements and the requirement's relation to the theoretical background. From this, the findings section arrived at four policy guidelines derived from the requirements that can function as focus areas for further requirement development and as input for policy makers. The policy guidelines concluded are (1) prioritize increasing collective awareness through emphasizing social networks, (2) acknowledge the interdependencies in migrating towards QS PKI, (3) create an understanding of the technical standards in the field and their issuers, and (4) being highly realistic with both negative and positive scenarios to center the players’ understanding of real-world impact.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123804886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-Driven Governance in Crises: Topic Modelling for the Identification of Refugee Needs","authors":"Kilian Sprenkamp, L. Zavolokina, Mario Angst, Mateusz Dolata","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598470","url":null,"abstract":"The war in Ukraine and the following refugee crisis have recently again highlighted the need for effective refugee management across European countries. Refugee management contemporarily mostly relies on top-down management approaches by governments. These often lead to suboptimal policies for refugees and highlight a need to better identify and integrate refugee needs into management. Here, we show that modern applications of Natural Language Processing (NLP) allow for the effective analysis of large text corpora linked to refugee needs, making it possible to complement top-down approaches with bottom-up knowledge centered around the current needs of the refugee population. By following a Design Science Research Methodology, we utilize 58 semi-structured stakeholder interviews within Switzerland to develop design requirements for NLP applications for refugee management. Based on the design requirements, we developed R2G – “Refugees to Government”, an application based on state-of-the-art topic modeling to identify refugee needs bottom-up through Telegram data. We evaluate R2G with a dedicated workshop held with stakeholders from the public sector and civil society. Thus, we contribute to the ongoing discourse on how to design refugee management applications and showcase how topic modeling can be utilized for data-driven governance during refugee crises.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124737621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards an Organically Growing Hate Speech Dataset in Hate Speech Detection Systems in a Smart Mobility Application","authors":"Ahmad Alsamman, Andreas Schmitz, M. Wimmer","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598473","url":null,"abstract":"The automatic detection of hate speech online poses several challenges. A top challenge is that hate speech changes its targets and its format periodically. While the lack of available training data is a general issue in many natural language processing applications, the forementioned challenge amplifies the problem especially when taking into consideration the challenge of producing well labelled datasets. Based on the concepts of quarantining hate speech and integrating a linguistics expert in a smart mobility service provided in an administrative district in Germany, this paper proposes an approach that targets improving the training dataset quantitively and qualitatively in a running smart mobility app, the SWIA app. This proactive approach provides a long-term solution for hate speech detection models that rely on labelled datasets for training. The paper also discusses technical and practical challenges unanswered by this approach.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126019528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosing and Addressing Emergent Harms in the Design Process of Public AI and Algorithmic Systems","authors":"Sem Nouws, Íñigo Martinez De Rituerto De Troya, R. Dobbe, M. Janssen","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598557","url":null,"abstract":"Algorithmic and data-driven systems are increasingly used in the public sector to improve the efficiency of existing services or to provide new services through the newfound capacity to process vast volumes of data. Unfortunately, certain instances also have negative consequences for citizens, in the form of discriminatory outcomes, arbitrary decisions, lack of recourse, and more. These have serious impacts on citizens ranging from material to psychological harms. These harms partly emerge from choices and interactions in the design process. Existing critical and reflective frameworks for technology design do not address several aspects that are important to the design of systems in the public sector, namely protection of citizens in the face of potential algorithmic harms, the design of institutions to ensure system safety, and an understanding of how power relations affect the design, development, and deployment of these systems. The goal of this workshop is to develop these three perspectives and take the next step towards reflective design processes within public organisations. The workshop will be divided into two parts. In the first half we will elaborate the conceptual foundations of these perspectives in a series of short talks. Workshop participants will learn new ways of protecting against algorithmic harms in sociotechnical systems through understanding what institutions can support system safety, and how power relations influence the design process. In the second half, participants will get a chance to apply these lenses by analysing a real world case, and reflect on the challenges in applying conceptual frameworks to practice.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116258153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fair prices for sustainability in agriculture and food. Requirements and design options for a data-based transparency system.","authors":"Lisa Klug, Wolfgang Prinz","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598525","url":null,"abstract":"The incumbent minister of the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture announced at the beginning of his tenure that farmers need more appreciation and that prices should more strongly express the ecological truth. He does not further tolerate an exploitative system that comes at the expense of people, animals, the environment, and the climate, and pleads for more appreciation and value creation for farmers. One approach to address this issue is the provision of authenticated, traceable, and irreversible data about the food origin and production process. This paper presents the methods, experiences and results of a project that examined in cooperation with relevant stakeholders the technical possibilities of a data space that provides production and process data to the customer. An integral part of this data space is a blockchain module that ensures the traceability and irreversibility of the data. The paper contributes to research on blockchain application in governmental systems that provide trustful information in a food data space and it provides insights in to the concerns of different stakeholders as well as their role in the overall governance of a blockchain supported data space.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115507050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Taxonomy of Design Decisions for Central Bank Digital Currencies: Student Track Paper","authors":"Laura Stamm, Holger Koelmann","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598537","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the amount of research on Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) by central banks has increased extensively. These can cover a broad range of applications, from the settlement of mass transactions to interbank payments. Depending on the design, different objectives can be pursued when introducing a CBDC, such as financial inclusion or enhancing payment efficiency. Although first attempts to organize the design aspects of CBDCs have been conducted, there seems to be no construct that comprehensively characterizes the essential design decisions. Considering both conceptual and empirical sources, we address this shortcoming by developing a taxonomy that represents and characterizes the fundamental design decisions to be made by central banks when creating a CBDC. The taxonomy enables its users to classify CBDCs and compare existing configurations. Moreover, it supports the derivation and discussion of implications as well as interactions between design decisions. The article thereby contributes to the existing literature by enhancing the understanding of the concept of CBDC, thus strengthening the conceptual foundation for future research. Furthermore, our findings can support the development of further frameworks addressing their design at a more profound level.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114820566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replication and UpScaling of Smart Cities in Academia and Practice: Concepts, Barriers and Enablers","authors":"Ralf-Martin Soe","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598481","url":null,"abstract":"In the case of smart cities, a transference of knowledge and technologies is often assumed to be a key for leveraging successful solutions. However, previous studies and projects have indicated several barriers and enablers regarding to upscaling – a key focus of this paper that aims to contribute both to research and practice. This paper focuses on analysing the knowledge and research gap between the academic literature, via systematic literature review, compared with an empirical experience of 10 urban UpScaling projects, collected via survey among city networks, research organisations and urban stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114949355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Does Culture Influence Chinese People's Views and Actions on e-Government Websites? A Study on Citizens' Continuous Use of e-Government Websites Based on Cultural Model","authors":"Yuanyuan Guo","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598484","url":null,"abstract":"Research on e-government construction has a long-standing history. Recent academic developments have shown that numerous e-government websites face challenges in providing satisfactory e-services to citizens. Consequently, citizens are less inclined to use these websites continuously, as they fail to meet their expectations and needs. This seems to be a common problem in many countries. The majority of researchers have examined this issue from the perspective of internal factors within administrative organizations. However, previous studies have rarely focused on the influence of external factors, such as cultural variables, on the continuous usage of e-government websites by citizens. Drawing upon Hofstede's cultural model, this study establishes a framework for examining the factors influencing citizens' continuous use of e-government websites. This paper, employing quantile regression, reveals that collectivism, masculinity, long-term orientation, and constraint culture exhibit varying degrees of influence on different levels of continuous use of China's e-government websites. In light of these findings, this study suggests that the government should pay attention to the cultural aspects of e-government websites and provide culturally adaptive e-government services to better meet the public's needs and expectations.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128305006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whose data is it anyway? Diverging perspectives in EU policy on the current and future role of the citizen in digital government","authors":"H. Graux","doi":"10.1145/3598469.3598526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3598469.3598526","url":null,"abstract":"In European eGovernment and data policies, there is presently a strong focus on an active controlling role for the citizen. A modern citizen should be empowered to take charge of their data, both towards public administrations, and in the digital society in general. However, this creates certain tensions between the right to control one's own data, and the right to be protected against abuses. A citizen who is entirely free to make choices, may need to face unpleasant consequences when those choices prove harmful to their interests. Moreover, allowing the citizen to control their data can impede exchanges that are in the public interest – but which are not necessarily desired by the citizens themselves. European policies and European legislation in relation to digital data, including with respect to eGovernment, try to strike a careful balance between individual control and universal protection. It remains challenging none the less to find and implement suitable and consistent answers. This paper examines some of the principal choices that have been made in the past few years in the EU, how these choices are currently evolving, and what needs to be done to avoid or at least mitigate future difficulties.","PeriodicalId":401026,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122491013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}