Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects最新文献

{"title":"Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Citrullus lanatus fruit extract and their potential for microwave absorption","authors":"Banaz Shahab Haji ,&nbsp;Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy ,&nbsp;Asia Omer Abbas ,&nbsp;Omer Kaygili ,&nbsp;Marwan Suleiman Mousa","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology is a developing arena of science focuses on the manufacturing use of nanoparticles (NPs), of the size ranges between 1 and 100 nm, which are categorized into different classes such as inorganic, organic, ceramic and carbon-based nanoparticles. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are perceiving amazing progress during the past few periods due to its exclusive and vital properties in many applications. Newly, green synthesis method of NPs is competing in contradiction of traditional chemical and physical methods by avoiding the use of many toxic compounds, and costly equipment. Accordingly, in this study, watermelon <em>(Citrullus lanatus)</em> rind extract has been used for producing ZnO NPs as a reducing, capping and stabilizing agents. This technic is simple, environmentally friendly and green. UV–vis spectra indicated the formation of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles represented by the change of a colorless liquid to brownish solution. The involvement of the functional groups presents in <em>(Citrullus lanatus)</em> rind extract in both the reduction and capping of nanoparticles was shown through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, the mechanism of formation ZnO NPs from <em>(Citrullus lanatus)</em> rind extract has been thoroughly delineated. This study displayed that <em>(Citrullus lanatus)</em> rind extract is a suitable medium for manufacturing spherical, monodisperse, highly crystalline and wide band gap ZnO NPs. This study emphasizes the potential of ZnO thin films as a promising material for microwave absorption applications, particularly for coating microwave oven gates. It also paves the way for using sustainable resources to develop high-performance materials capable of absorbing unwanted microwave radiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 101502"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luminescent carbon quantum dots from multi-walled carbon nanotubes: A sustainable green synthesis approach","authors":"Jithin Varghese ,&nbsp;K.C. Sanal ,&nbsp;Oxana V. Kharissova ,&nbsp;Alexander L. Nikolaev ,&nbsp;Nayely Pineda Aguilar ,&nbsp;David Avellaneda Avellaneda ,&nbsp;Boris I. Kharisov","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized via a simple and eco-friendly approach using unfunctionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and hydroxyl-functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNT-COOH) as precursors. The synthesis involved a 1:1:1 mixture of MWCNTs, Theraphthal (TP), and ascorbic acid in water, followed by centrifugation and filtration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the spherical morphology of the CQDs, with average sizes of 3.26 ± 0.57 nm for CQD-A and 3.46 ± 0.57 nm for CQD-B. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and UV-Vis analysis revealed variations in surface functionalization and optical properties. The green fluorescence observed under UV irradiation highlights the potential of these CQDs for applications in bioimaging and optoelectronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 101503"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contact melting in bimetallic Cu-Ag nanolayer: Molecular dynamics simulation and fractal analysis","authors":"V.M. Samsonov,&nbsp;N.B. Kuz’min,&nbsp;N.Yu. Sdobnyakov,&nbsp;I.V. Talyzin,&nbsp;P.V. Komarov","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contact melting (CM) is a constituent of a number of technologies, including soldering, sintering, and eutectic bonding. In particular, the chip-level bonding between electronic components may be noted. Our present paper shines a light on regularities and mechanisms of CM at the nanoscale. In our molecular dynamics experiments we simulated CM in a bimetallic Cu-Ag nanolayer using the embedded atom method. In particular, the kinetic dependencies of the potential term into the specific (per atom) internal energy, the sample sizes, the radial distribution function, and the volume concentration of both kinds of atoms were found to reveal and analyze sequential stages of CM. A special emphasis is made on employing the fractal dimension as an important and new descriptor of CM. A concept has been developed of the dynamic evaluation of the fractal dimension of instantaneous images of atomic configurations at all the stages of CM. A conclusion is made that kinetics of the fractal dimension and information entropy adequately reflects the growth of the conventional thermodynamic entropy during the CM process. The vacancy pore formation at the earliest stage of CM (before nucleation and growth of a liquid phase) was discovered thanks to employing, the Connolly algorithm used before to construct Connolly surfaces in organic materials only. Thus, for the first time, we observed a manifestation of the Kirkendall effect in the course of CM at the nanoscale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 101496"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the use of urea-formaldehyde resin composites for the adsorption of organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater","authors":"Brahim Aasli ,&nbsp;Noureddine El Messaoudi ,&nbsp;Youssef Miyah ,&nbsp;Mohammed Benjelloun ,&nbsp;Jordana Georgin ,&nbsp;Dison S.P. Franco ,&nbsp;Yuhoon Hwang ,&nbsp;Abdellah Lacherai","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pollution of water bodies has raised a serious concern, leading to an immediate need to promote effective treatment technologies that can remove organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater. The review explores the diverse applications of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin composites as effective tools for addressing wastewater issues. UF resins show great promise in removing organic and inorganic pollutants such as dyes, phenolic compounds, and heavy metals due to their high adsorption capacity, stability, and cost-effectiveness. Recent advancements in the synthesis and modification of UF resin-based composites, particularly through the incorporation of materials like activated carbon and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, have significantly improved their pollutant-binding efficiency and stability under variable environmental conditions. The review also outlines challenges and prospective trends aimed at developing greener hybrid UF composites with greater performance and minimal environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 101495"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile synthesis of potassium doped FeS2 nanofertilizers to enhance seed germination and plant growth in S22 tomato seeds","authors":"Samreen Naz G.S ,&nbsp;Soundarya T.L ,&nbsp;Krishna ,&nbsp;Nagaraju G","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanofertilizers (NFs) provide a sustainable and effective alternative to commercial fertilizers at the nanoscale and they have been praised for their agricultural efficiency. NFs are designed to enhance plant growth and soil health while reducing the environmental footprint of commercial fertilizers. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of Potassium-doped Iron disulfide nanoparticles (K-doped FeS₂ or KFS NPs). KFS is essential for plant metabolism and stress tolerance, with FeS₂ known for its role in improving soil micronutrient availability and sulfur content. A simple green synthesis approach was used to produce KFS NPs with <em>Arachis hypogaea</em> peel as a fuel. The structural and morphological properties of the NFs were confirmed using advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as elemental analysis, EDAX and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD patterns are strongly aligned with the standard JCPDS No. 71–53 of FeS_2, signifying that they belong to the cubic pyrite phase with all the sides of the crystal being equal to 5.4281 Å, associated with the Pa-3 space group. TEM analysis shows the cubic structures of KFS NPs and demonstrates significant germination at a dosage of 20 mg/2 mL. KFS NPs were more effective than commercial fertilizers in enhancing plant growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid levels. Plants treated with NFs have a higher chlorophyll content of 22.41 mg/g than plants treated with commercial fertilizer (11.07 mg/g) and control (4.3 mg/g). KFS-treated (foliar spray) tomatoes have a higher carotenoid content (14.87 mg/g) compared to Control (3.55 mg/g) and commercial fertilizer (6.55 mg/g). The concentration of ascorbic acid was highest in the test sample of (67.7 mg/mL) of KFS-treated tomato and protein content was found to be highest in KFS-NPs-treated tomatoes (2139.956 µg/mL). Findings suggest that KFS NFs hold the multifunctional role in agriculture. It provides an eco-friendly approach to address global challenges such as nutrient inefficiency, soil degradation and environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101490"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable synthesis and application of green deep eutectic solvent in chalcopyrite leaching: A combined experimental and molecular dynamic simulation approach","authors":"S. Karimi ,&nbsp;P. Mohammadpour ,&nbsp;M. Esmailzadeh ,&nbsp;M. Izadi","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the chemical dissolution of chalcopyrite in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) solvent with a combination of choline chloride (ChCl) and maleic acid (MA) was investigated. Using the Taguchi experimental design, three parameters were optimized: leaching time (2–24 h), leaching temperature (100–200 °C), and the mol ratio of ChCl to MA (1:2, 1:1, and 2:1). The results of the Taguchi design showed that increasing temperature and time enhances copper recovery. Under optimal conditions for dissolving chalcopyrite at a ChCl:MA ratio of 1:1, with a leaching temperature of 150 °C and a leaching time of 24 h, copper recovery was approximately calculated as about 49.2 %, which is relatively consistent with experiment results showing 52.6 %. Under optimal conditions, XRD and SEM-EDS analyses of leaching residues show no sulfur film formation on chalcopyrite surfaces. Instead, they indicate elevated levels of SiO₂, FeS₂, and CuS, suggesting these phases have limited solubility in DES. Combining ChCl and MA forms a DES with altered infrared spectra due to hydrogen bonding, allowing for stable reuse after metal separation via precipitation or electrolysis methods. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results show that chalcopyrite dissolution in DES is a chemical process, occurring without oxidation reactions. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations explored interactions in an MA and ChCl DES. Radial distribution function (RDF) analysis revealed strong interactions between MA's hydroxyl hydrogens as well as ChCl's chloride, and intramolecular hydrogen bonds within MA. Simulations also showed Cu²⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions interact strongly with chloride ions of ChCl and oxygen atoms of MA, with low diffusion coefficients suggesting a 3D hydrogen bond network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101481"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent progress in materials design strategies for efficient CO2 photocatalytic conversion","authors":"Yusuf Olatunji Waidi ,&nbsp;Qasem Ahmed Drmosh ,&nbsp;Abdo Hezam","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgent need to combat climate change has driven researchers worldwide to focus on creating effective and sustainable solutions to reduce carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Among these approaches, photocatalytic CO₂ conversion has arisen as a viable avenue, harnessing solar energy to convert CO₂ into valuable fuels and chemicals. This article thoroughly overviews the latest advances in novel materials, including metal oxides, carbon-based nanomaterials, semiconductor heterostructures, and molecular catalysts for developing an efficient photocatalytic CO₂ conversion. Key findings from diverse studies elucidating these materials' structure-property relationships, mechanisms, and performance benchmarks are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the review underscores recent breakthroughs, such as innovative nanostructures, surface modifications, and novel catalyst designs, that have significantly contributed to improving the selectivity, stability, and overall efficiency of CO₂ conversion. Understanding and leveraging these advancements in novel materials hold immense potential to pave the way for scalable and sustainable photocatalytic CO₂ reduction technologies, addressing environmental concerns and energy demands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101489"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption and sensor properties of NO2 and SO2 gases by Palladium and Silicon modified fullerene material: A computational study","authors":"Edak K. Agi-Odey ,&nbsp;Idongesit J. Mbonu ,&nbsp;Israel A. Ekoro ,&nbsp;Musa Runde","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emission of various air pollutants from industrial plants, and fossil burning among others as a result of the progressive improvement in industrialization, technology, and urbanization cannot be fully curtailed. Hence, a need to detect and monitor air pollutants from a distance. Herein, the sensor performances of a newly modeled palladium-encapsulated silicon-doped carbon-based fullerene (Si-Pd@C₈₀) nanostructured towards the adsorption of NO₂ and SO₂ gas pollutants have been studied through density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the PW6B95-D3/GenECP/LanL2DZ/Def2-SVP method. The energy gap of the complexes is 0.026 eV for Si_Pd@C₈₀, 0.022 eV for NO₂_n_Si_Pd@C₈₀, 0.032 eV for NO₂_o_Si_Pd@C₈₀, 0.009 eV for SO₂_o_Si_Pd@C₈₀ and 0.017 eV for SO₂_s_Si_Pd@C₈₀ respectively. The adsorption energy of the two complexes formed after the adsorption of the NO₂ gas molecule is quantified as −3.983 and −4.785 eV corresponding to NO₂-n-Si-Pd@C₈₀ and NO₂-o-Si-Pd@C₈₀ respectively while the adsorption of SO₂ gas molecules on the Si-Pd@C₈₀ surface exhibits relatively stronger adsorption than the adsorption of NO₂ gas on the same surface. The conclusive report shows that the modeled palladium-encapsulated silicon-doped fullerene (Si-Pd@C₈₀) surface might be used as a potential nanostructure material for the detection of SO₂ gas pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101488"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the photocatalytic activity of metal oxide nanoparticles and their derived composites","authors":"S.Yu. Sokovnin ,&nbsp;A.S. Gerasimov ,&nbsp;M.E. Balezin ,&nbsp;V.G. Ilves","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we conducted an analysis of the photocatalytic activity of nanopowders (NPs) produced by pulsed electron beam evaporation method. Specifically, we investigated TiO₂, CeO₂ NPs annealed at different temperatures, as well as Bi₂O₃, ZnO-Zn, ZrO₂, Al₂O₃, SiO₂, Fe₂O₃ NPs, including those coated and doped with nanosilver by the radiation-chemical method (Ag-ZrO₂, Ag-ZnO-Zn, Ag-Bi₂O₃, Ag-SiO₂, Ag-Fe₂O₃). Our work examined the degradation process of the organic dye methyl violet (orange) under UV irradiation in NPs suspensions, with a thorough examination of the factors influencing photocatalytic activity. It has been shown that doping and coating with nanosilver has a positive effect on the rate of photodecomposition. Furthermore, we identified optimal annealing temperatures for bismuth, silicon, and zinc oxide NPs, corresponding to increased photocatalytic activity. Notably, a correlation was established between sample activity and the ratio of band gap to the spectrum of the applied irradiation source.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101483"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ternary hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in a permeable cylinder with viscous dissipation effect","authors":"Khaled Matarneh ,&nbsp;Ubaidullah Yashkun ,&nbsp;Raja'i Aldiabat ,&nbsp;Liaquat Ali Lund ,&nbsp;Kaneez Fatima ,&nbsp;Zahir Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoso.2025.101491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat transfer can be enhanced by using ternary hybrid nanofluid (THNF), a novel class of nanofluid. The current study examines nonlinear heat radiation through THNF and hybrid nanofluid (HNF) flow through the permeable cylinder with viscous dissipation. Due to its numerous uses, the study of manganese Aluminium oxide, Copper and Titanium dioxide nanocomposite base HNF is becoming more popular in invention and research. The partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations and solved mathematically by using the BVP4C method in MATLAB coding. Moreover, a TNF combination nanofluids exhibits a higher heat transfer rate compared to both hybrid and base nanofluids. By creating systems with ideal flow and investigating how viscous dissipation impact the flow, scientists and engineers can improve the efficiency of heat transmission. Key parameters such as temperature, velocity, skin friction, and heat transfer rates are examined and visually represented. Findings can be applied to the design of industrial devices. Additionally, the analysis reveals several solutions (first and second solutions) for the similarity equations. Stability assessment shows that 1st solutions are steady and practically viable, while 2nd solutions are unsteady. Furthermore, a 0.1 % rises in the overall nanoparticle volume fraction results in a significant rise in the SFC and in the Nusselt number against suction parameter in the stable solution. Increasing <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0,0.04</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>and </mtext><mn>0.1</mn></mrow></math></span> causes decrease the variation in <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>Re</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><msub><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for both first and second values. The obtained critical values are <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2.3794</mn><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2.3272</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>and</mtext><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2.2547</mn></mrow></math></span>, corresponding to <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0,0.04</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>and </mtext><mn>0.1</mn></mrow></math></span>. The study also highlights improvements in heat transfer rates driven by volume fraction, suction, and Eckert number effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":397,"journal":{"name":"Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 101491"},"PeriodicalIF":5.45,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}