Conflict Resolution Quarterly最新文献

{"title":"When and why moral exemplars fail to motivate intergroup reconciliation","authors":"Zsolt Péter Szabó,&nbsp;Marta Witkowska,&nbsp;Hanna Szekeres","doi":"10.1002/crq.21391","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21391","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study examines the effectiveness of moral-exemplar interventions in the context of recurring oppression and historical trauma. Moral exemplars are individuals who have risked important aspects of their lives to save the lives of members of other social groups. In two experimental studies (total <i>N</i> = 405), we tested the hypothesis that presenting ingroup or outgroup moral exemplars improves intergroup relationships. We also tested the effects of the prototypicality of moral exemplars by manipulating the frequency of helping behavior in the perpetrator group. We used open-ended questions to qualitatively investigate how participants viewed moral exemplars. We failed to find positive effects of moral-exemplar interventions. The qualitative analysis confirmed that the in-group moral exemplar could be used as an “alibi” to justify the in-group's transgressions, while the outgroup moral exemplar was subtyped. Importantly, our findings do not invalidate, but complement, the moral-exemplar intervention literature by offering insights into future work with such interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"51-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crq.21391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41626091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The defining role of Mary Rowe","authors":"Howard Gadlin","doi":"10.1002/crq.21388","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 4","pages":"505-507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41789870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Becoming an ombuds at MIT","authors":"Mary Rowe","doi":"10.1002/crq.21384","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21384","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Realistic souls might have hesitated to take a job they knew so little about. And they might have hesitated to throw their hearts and souls into an organization they knew so little about. Also, it was winter—hardly the season to throw heart and soul into anything. This was 5 years before the Great Blizzard of 1978 but still, it was mid-winter and a very gloomy February day in 1973 when I started my new job at MIT.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I was the new Special Assistant to the President and Chancellor for Women and Work. I would report only to MIT President Jerome Wiesner and Chancellor Paul Gray, as an independent resource for the Institute available to anyone in the MIT community.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I climbed snowy, unwelcoming concrete steps between great forbidding columns and shivered into a slippery, gloomy, medieval hall, the entrance lobby of MIT. “Entrance lobby” was hardly the word. It seemed to me like the Lincoln Memorial—high ceilings, very high ceilings—and side halls. I was to be met by a student. Should I have come in earlier and found my office, gotten out of my thick winter coat, brushed my hair, and changed out of my snowy boots?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As I now try to recall the details, a young woman immediately came up to see me, calling my name. No escape—a bright, lively person ready to welcome me. And her manner was professional. “What are you planning to do at MIT?” She did not intend a long interview. She was just collecting my “first thoughts.” I was relieved that she did not have a camera. I had no idea what to answer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I had the first of many moments of speechless uncertainty that could have blossomed into a bit of panic; moments which were to characterize my first year at the job. I had no plans for what I was going to do. What do you say when you have no answers in your first interview? In a moment of clarity, I thought wryly, “Tell the truth.” As I remember, I smiled and said, “I do not know the Institute at all. Perhaps you could just tell people that if anyone has any ideas how to improve the quality of life at MIT they might please call or come see me?”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Many people called or came to see me my first full week. They were faculty, staff, students, employees, a past President of MIT, a custodian. Many men and women came to see me or called. They were kind, focused, and very lucid about MIT. Disconcertingly for me, however, they had all kinds of different ideas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;When I came to MIT, I was an ivory tower research economist of the kind that many people know. That is, I had little experience of the real world, albeit a little training in building conceptual models. What was I to do with dozens of different observations about my new workplace, my new professional home?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As a cheerful young feminist, I expected to hear different thoughts from women than from men. However, this was not the issue that faced me. I could not seem to fit all the advice and suggestions and concerns—and stories—into any models at all. In particular, the women did not ag","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 4","pages":"497-504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crq.21384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43296900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive Peacemaking: A People-Centered Approach by Susan H. Allen, Routledge, 2022","authors":"Lior Lehrs","doi":"10.1002/crq.21389","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"41 2","pages":"117-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47221968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The promise and limits of moral exemplars for intergroup conflict resolution and reconciliation","authors":"Michał Bilewicz,&nbsp;Sabina Čehajić-Clancy","doi":"10.1002/crq.21386","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21386","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stories about moral exemplars can provide crucial information about the moral heterogeneity of social groups involved in the conflict. This article addresses the role of moral exemplars narratives in changing perceptions of violent historic intergroup conflicts. We propose that two central outcomes of such interventions make them potentially an effective approach for improving intergroup relations in situations of violent intergroup conflict: (1) facilitation of intergroup contact and (2) increasing reconciliatory attitudes. Although most of the existing research on moral exemplars is focused on their positive outcomes, we suggest that moral exemplars might also have destructive consequences: they could be misused to gain an advantage in an intergroup conflict and might stress the immorality of the non-helping majority. By integrating these two possibilities, we propose a curvilinear model of the effects of moral exemplars narratives in post-conflict reconciliation and resolution of violent conflicts.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"7-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47727847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling positive intergroup relations through the utility of moral exemplars among young adults in post-conflict settings","authors":"Nerkez Opacin","doi":"10.1002/crq.21385","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21385","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article explores the role of moral exemplars as an approach to dealing with and learning from the past as part of peacebuilding education initiatives (PEIs) operating in Southeast Europe. To this day, a deeply rooted divide along ethnic lines is present throughout the region, with each ethnic group using separate narratives and educational programs, providing the youth with little space to meet and learn about the past and outgroup members. Civil society increasingly introduces PEIs that target adolescents through experiential learning approaches. Based on 12-month-long multi-sited ethnographic research into four peacebuilding approaches, this article addresses three outcomes connected with the use of the moral exemplars approach in peacebuilding intervention programs. These include (1) a greater desire to learn about the past, outgroup members, and each other in post-conflict and divided settings, (2) a greater chance to form cross-group friendships as well as (3) a drive to take concrete steps toward peacebuilding in the participants' local communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"19-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crq.21385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49077062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral exemplars and moral disillusionment. How the perception of Poles' behavior during the Holocaust shapes current Polish-Israeli conflicted relations?","authors":"Maria Babińska,&nbsp;Michał Bilewicz","doi":"10.1002/crq.21379","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21379","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The moral exemplars model of reconciliation (Cehajic-Clancy &amp; Bilewicz, 2021) proposes that through focusing on the moral behavior during the genocide, the descendants of perpetrators, bystanders, and victims could become more willing to reconcile and engage in intergroup contact. In the present article we aim to test the boundary effects of such approach by analyzing the usage of moral exemplars argument in the Polish-Israeli conflict over the history of the Holocaust. In two studies, we tested whether Poles' and Israeli's estimations of moral behavior and emotions (vs. immoral ones) during the Holocaust are related to their attitudes towards contemporary counterparts. The studies confirmed that higher estimations of moral behavior during the Holocaust were related to more positive attitudes of Israelis towards Poles but not of Poles towards Israelis. On the contrary, higher estimations of such moral behavior among Poles were positively related to secondary antisemitism and harsh criticism of the current role of Israel in the Middle Eastern conflict. The results of our studies suggest that the moral exemplars-based model of reconciliation should be carefully applied to the contexts in which historical perpetrators and bystanders aim at whitewashing their histories.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"73-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45641430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practice Insight: Court-connected mediation in Jordan—Considerations for choosing a mediator","authors":"Bakr Abdel Fattah Al Serhan,&nbsp;Wesam Faisal Al Shawawreh,&nbsp;Pauline Collins","doi":"10.1002/crq.21383","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21383","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A model of court-connected mediation following Western practice was adopted in Jordan in 2003. Its success has been limited. This practice insight addresses the current mediation legislation in Jordan in relation to civil and commercial disputes. The law allows the parties three options in choosing a mediator, one being a judge mediator. This raises important considerations for parties when they are choosing a mediator. The practice insight addresses these considerations with a view to improving party awareness when exercising their choice of mediator. It also takes the opportunity to suggest legislative changes to improve the uptake of mediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 4","pages":"483-492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crq.21383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49197862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living through war: An oral history of civilians in Sudan","authors":"Daniel Rothbart,&nbsp;Karina Korostelina,&nbsp;Beltina Gjeloshi","doi":"10.1002/crq.21382","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21382","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Civilians in Sudan have been devastated by wars for decades, including civil wars that occurred from 1956 to 1972 and from 1983 to 2005, and wars continuing to this day in certain regions. With this article, we offer the findings of an oral history project that showcases the testimony of 116 Sudanese from the following three regions: Darfur, the Nuba Mountains and the Blue Nile state. We focused on their experiences of war and their vision of a just future for Sudan. After presenting summaries of the wars in these regions (Section 1), we identify the project's methodology (Section 2). The respondents' testimony is then analyzed thematically as follows: (a) life before war, (b) experiences of war, (c) becoming refugees, (d) war's impact, and (e) vision of justice in Sudan (Section 3). We then interpret the respondents' vision of justice as expressions of their agency in striving to overcome the systemic inequalities that have ravaged this war-torn nation. Our analysis reveals the complexity of the respondents' notions of justice as inseparable from peace. Long-term peace necessities the realization of justice that cannot be achieved without long-term peace.</p>","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 4","pages":"405-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/crq.21382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48343479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laurie R. Blank, International conflict and security law. Principles of international law series. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2023","authors":"Wendrila Biswas,&nbsp;Debarun Chakraborty","doi":"10.1002/crq.21381","DOIUrl":"10.1002/crq.21381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39736,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Resolution Quarterly","volume":"40 4","pages":"493-496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47376334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}