Nano Today最新文献

{"title":"Translational selenium nanoparticles enhance NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity of NK cells against malignant pleural mesothelioma cells through the TrxR1-pSTAT3 pathway","authors":"Shaowei Liu ,&nbsp;Xue Li ,&nbsp;Weifeng Wei ,&nbsp;NaiJian Li ,&nbsp;Ligeng Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Yunxiang Zeng ,&nbsp;Tianfeng Chen ,&nbsp;Jinlin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) constitutes a rare classification of malignant tumors that originate within pleural tissue, with epithelioid tumors predominantly comprising its primary pathological subtype. Currently, the combination of pemetrexed and platinum remains the frontline therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MPM. However, recent advancements in the field of immune checkpoint inhibitors have redirected the research spotlight towards the intricate immune microenvironment of MPM. Selenium (Se), a vital trace element, plays pivotal roles in both antitumor and immunoregulation. This study delves into Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) and their functionalized derivatives, specifically lentinan-functionalized SeNPs (LET-SeNPs), with the aim of exploring their potential applications in the treatment of MPM. To tackle the challenge posed by pleural effusion (PE) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM-PE), PE and peripheral blood samples were meticulously collected from MPM patients and subjected to processing utilizing LET-SeNPs. By evaluating the influence of low-energy transfer LET-SeNPs on lymphocytes, we observed an enhanced sensitivity of MPM to natural killer (NK) cells that were pretreated with LET-SeNPs. LET-SeNPs could activate NK92 cells in advance through the TrxR1-pSTAT3 pathway, and further enhance the toxic effect on MPM cells through the interaction of NKG2D-NKG2DL. This process has shown a powerful effect in reducing the invasiveness of MPM and enhancing its penetration and killing efficiency. This finding provides novel therapeutic insights and potential strategies for the treatment of patients with MPM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102720"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broad-spectrum utilization and direct energy transfer from lanthanide nanoparticles for sunlight-triggered low-dose, highly efficient photodynamic therapy","authors":"Qianliao Zhou ,&nbsp;Hongsu Wang ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Biao Dong ,&nbsp;Liheng Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaodi Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an emerging and promising approach for addressing microbial contamination and antibiotic resistance. However, achieving efficient aPDT at reduced doses and under low light-intensity light remains a significant challenge. In this study, an aPDT strategy using solar irradiance intensity was proposed by designing a multifunctional antibacterial nanoplatform, denoted as YVO₄:Bi^3 +,Eu³⁺/TiO₂-Ce6 (YTiC), based on rare-earth nanomaterials (YVO₄:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺) loaded with Ce6 and TiO₂. The YVO₄:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺ serves as a carrier for Ce6 and TiO₂, modulating aggregation state, optimizing light absorption, and suppressing electron-hole recombination in TiO₂. The important innovation in this design is that YVO₄:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺ can convert UV light to red light to activate Ce6 and directly sensitize its triplet state via the ⁵D₀–⁷F₂ transition of Eu³⁺, thereby significantly boosting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. This strategy reduces the required Ce6 dose by 46 % and light power density by 50 %, substantially enhancing ROS generation efficiency. Furthermore, combining aPDT with sonodynamic therapy (SDT) achieved near-complete bactericidal efficacy against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em>, and <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, by inhibiting bacterial glycogen metabolism and disrupting the arginine and proline metabolism pathways. Based on this platform, the multifunctional antibacterial film YTiC-CMC is developed, enabling UV irradiation and sunlight to extend the shelf life of strawberries and chicken by 4 and 3 days, respectively, achieving outdoor antibacterial action and food preservation. This rare-earth nanomaterial-enhanced synergistic strategy offers a novel and powerful pathway for combating microbial contamination in both clinical applications and food preservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102733"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ oxidation-responsive nanovaccine coordinates photosensitizer and STING agonist for cancer photo-immunotherapy","authors":"Zhaochu Xu ,&nbsp;Jiang Yu ,&nbsp;Yingxi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxiao Li ,&nbsp;Baoyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenwen Cui ,&nbsp;Yicheng Li ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Zimeng Yang ,&nbsp;Yubo Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Yongjun Wang ,&nbsp;Zhonggui He ,&nbsp;Hongzhuo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer vaccine has emerged as a promising therapeutic paradigm for cancer therapy. However, the lack of tumor-associated antigens and abundant immunosuppressive factors seriously diminish the efficacy of immunotherapy, resulting in poor clinical benefits. In this report, we engineered a coordinated immunostimulatory nanoplatform, termed MP@PPS NPs, by physically combining reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive poly (propylene sulfide) nanoparticles loaded with the photosensitizer pyropheophorbide a (PPa) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist (MSA-2), to function as an in situ cancer vaccine to amplify immunotherapeutic outcomes. Excellent stability of MP@PPS NPs endowed prolonged drug circulation time and improved tumor accumulation, while their small size boosted deeper drug penetration within tumors. Crucially, upon laser irradiation, the MP@PPS NPs could generate abundant ROS, which induced tumor ablation, triggered immunogenic cell death to initiate an adaptive antitumor immune response and facilitated the local release of MSA-2, thereby promoting innate antitumor immunity through the cGAS-STING pathway. MP@PPS NPs markedly suppressed both primary and distant tumor progression, promoted dendritic cell maturation and increased cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration, elicited robust antitumor immunity. Meanwhile, MP@PPS NPs treatment impeded the lung metastatic in conjunction with anti-PD-L1 treatment. This work holds significant promise for the synergistic photodynamic immunotherapy, and offers a crucial inspiration for addressing the problems of insufficient antitumor immunity and ineffective cancer treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102726"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-in-one pH/glucose-responsive engineered hydrogel for diabetes wound healing","authors":"Baojie Du ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Ren ,&nbsp;Xiaozhe Wang ,&nbsp;Yating Wen ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Peirong Bai ,&nbsp;Fangfang Lang ,&nbsp;Liping Li ,&nbsp;Ruiping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The healing of diabetic wounds persists as a significant clinical challenge globally, attributed to factors involving microbial colonization, disrupted redox homeostasis, persistent inflammatory responses, and compromised vascular regeneration. Currently, therapeutic strategies that are clinically effective are not available. In this research, we developed a four-in-one multifunctional hydrogel, PPy&amp;L-arg@PVA-TSPBA (PLPT), with self-healing, adhesive, and microenvironment-responsive properties by reacting phenylboronic acid groups with the hydroxyl groups of polyvinyl alcohol. The hydrogel was loaded with the antioxidant polypyrrole (PPy) and the angiogenesis-promoting compound L-arginine (L-arg). The borate ester bonds in the hydrogel respond to the high glucose and low pH microenvironment characteristic of infected diabetic wounds, thereby triggering the controlled release of therapeutic agents. Additionally, PPy imparts excellent photothermal properties to the hydrogel and kills bacteria through localized high temperatures. The PLPT hydrogel demonstrated pronounced anti-inflammatory efficacy and enhanced neovascularization capacity through suppression of IL-6/TNF-α pro-inflammatory factors coupled with up-regulation of VEGF and CD31. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis tests demonstrate that the hydrogel exhibits favorable biocompatibility. In vivo experiments show that PLPT accelerates wound healing in diabetic SD rats through a synergistic effect of bacterial eradication, oxidative stress mitigation, inflammation suppression, and angiogenesis promotion, which together facilitate extracellular matrix reconstruction and collagen deposition. In summary, the PLPT hydrogel have a significantly potential clinical application in the treatment of infected wounds in diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102725"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GSH-responsive nanoparticles enhance ovarian cancer chemo-immunotherapy via DNA damage repair pathway inhibition and cGAS-STING pathway activation","authors":"Miao Ao ,&nbsp;Hongyi Hou ,&nbsp;He Zhang ,&nbsp;Lingpu Zhang ,&nbsp;Haihua Xiao ,&nbsp;Dan Zhao ,&nbsp;Kun Shang ,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ovarian cancer, especially the drug-resistant subtype, has a treatment response rate of less than 30 %, primarily due to enhanced DNA damage repair mechanisms that reduce the efficacy of chemotherapy. Moreover, the low level of immune cell infiltration in ovarian tumors limits the therapeutic response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Addressing both chemoresistance and immune activation is essential to improve outcomes. DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), a critical component of the DNA damage repair pathway, plays a key role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Inhibition of DNA-PKcs not only sensitizes tumors to chemotherapy but also activates the cGAS-STING innate immunity pathway. Herein, we developed a glutathione (GSH)-responsive nanoparticle (NP2), self-assembled from a GSH-sensitive doxorubicin prodrug (PHHM-SS-DOX) and a DNA-PKcs inhibitor (AZD7648). NP2 responds to elevated GSH levels in cancer cells and releases DOX and AZD7648. AZD7648 inhibits DNA-PKcs phosphorylation, suppressing the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway and exacerbating doxorubicin-induced DSBs. Then sustained accumulation of dsDNA further activates the cGAS-STING pathway. <em>In vivo</em>, NP2 demonstrated significant tumor growth inhibition and modulation of antitumor immunity. It activated the cGAS-STING pathway and enhanced the release of inflammatory cytokines, maturation of dendritic cells, infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells, and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. These effects reprogrammed the ovarian cancer microenvironment into an \"immune-hot\" tumor, significantly improving the response to ICIs. This strategy provides a novel therapeutic avenue to overcome chemoresistance and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102729"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"J-Aggregated indocyanine green-loaded exosomes enable photoactivatable cytoplasmic delivery of STING agonist for targeted pancreatic cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Ming Li ,&nbsp;Yifan Yang ,&nbsp;Zhengyu Yang ,&nbsp;Liyuan Kang ,&nbsp;Ziqian Ma ,&nbsp;Jie Luo ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Fan ,&nbsp;Xin Tian ,&nbsp;Yibin Deng ,&nbsp;Hengte Ke ,&nbsp;Fan Liu ,&nbsp;Yongan Tang ,&nbsp;Jinming Hu ,&nbsp;Huabing Chen ,&nbsp;Tao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intracellular delivery of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist is crucial for targeted cancer therapy while minimizing off-target cytokine storms. In this study, we engineer tumor cell-derived exosomes as homotypic nanocarriers for the intracellular delivery of STING agonist, enabling tumor-specific STING activation to enhance photoimmunotherapy against pancreatic cancer without systemic toxicity. To enable photo-controlled spatiotemporal release of the STING agonist, we encapsulate FDA-approved photosensitizer indocyanine green in the confined exosomal membranes, facilitating <em>J</em>-aggregate formation to enhance the singlet oxygen generation via increased intersystem crossing. Near-infrared light irradiation triggers rupture of both exosomal and lysosomal membranes, resulting in photoactivatable burst release and cytoplasmic trafficking of STING agonist SR-717, which elicits the tumor-specific STING activation in pancreatic cancers. Such STING activation induces robust immune responses with elevated immunogenicity and antigenicity, and totally suppresses off-target toxicity. This approach demonstrates potent therapeutic efficacy in murine pancreatic tumor models, leading to long-term immunological memory. Our findings offer a novel strategy for STING agonist delivery, improving the safety and efficacy of photoactivatable immunotherapy for difficult-to-treat cancers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102727"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalable production and functionalization of TMD nanosheets for bioinspired, ultrastrong, repeatable fire warning nanopapers","authors":"Cheng-Fei Cao ,&nbsp;Guo-Tao Zhu ,&nbsp;Bin Yu ,&nbsp;Wen-Yu Hu ,&nbsp;Long Xue ,&nbsp;Bi-Fan Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Cai ,&nbsp;Siqi Huo ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Pingan Song ,&nbsp;Long-Cheng Tang ,&nbsp;Hao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging smart fire alarm sensors (FAS) are crucial for monitoring fire hazards and have garnered increasing attention in fire safety field. However, developing low-cost yet high-performance FAS materials with mechanical flexibility, environmental tolerance, flame retardancy, and reliable fire warning capabilities via a simple and sustainable approach remains a major challenge. Here, we report a simple yet effective tannic acid (TA)-assisted mechanochemical exfoliation method for producing few-layer modified molybdenum disulfide (TA-MoS₂) nanosheets with excellent water dispersibility and long-term storage stability. Besides, the method's universality was further validated with other transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), including MoSe₂, WSe₂, and WS₂. By integrating one-dimensional (1D) phosphorylated-cellulose nanofibrils (P-CNFs) with two-dimensional (2D) TA-MoS₂ nanosheets, we fabricated P-CNFs/TA-MoS₂ nanocomposite papers with a hierarchical biomimetic structure. The optimized paper demonstrated exceptional mechanical flexibility and strength (∼118 MPa), solvent resistance, and flame retardancy. Notably, it achieved a rapid fire alarm response (&lt;3 s) and reliable cyclic fire warning performance. These outstanding properties make such MoS₂-based hybrid network a promising candidate for FAS materials in fire safety and protection. Furthermore, the TA-TMDs synthesized via this strategy hold significant potential in electronics, biomedicine, catalysis, and energy sectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102719"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering commonality of bionic micro/nanostructures to achieve anti-contaminant surfaces: From natural inspiration to artificial optimization","authors":"Xiaohu Xia ,&nbsp;Yabin Zhang ,&nbsp;Haotian Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Hou ,&nbsp;Bingsuo Zou ,&nbsp;Hai Zhu ,&nbsp;Fan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid surfaces in real-world scenarios are susceptible to invasion by a multitude of contaminants, which significantly impedes their normal functionality and thereby results in substantial economic losses or even safety hazards. While natural organisms utilize plenty of anti-contaminant surfaces (AC-surfaces) featuring micro/nanostructures to survive in different surroundings and even harsh ones, which have inspired scientists and engineers to create clear contaminant-resistant surface. Despite these AC-surfaces summarized, they often primarily emphasize the efficacy towards individual contaminant, lacking systematic reviews on the elucidation of potential connection or commonality of those structuring surfaces against multiple contaminants in multiple scenarios. Herein, starting with an overview to four representative scenarios where typical surface contaminants accumulate, this feature article briefly highlights micro/nano structured surfaces with widely repellent ability towards typical contaminants in the biological world. Next, primary commonality principles of micro/nanostructures against contaminants and promising contributions of different scales and geometries are discussed in detail. Drawing lesson from nature to transcend nature, outstanding superiorities of diverse artificial AC-surfaces and their realization strategies, including anti-icing surface, anti-scale surface, and anti-microbial surface, have also been addressed from a function-innovation perspectives. Finally, remaining challenges of bioinspired AC-surfaces and perspectives on the existing opportunities are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102723"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N/P doped porous graphitic carbons as metal-free catalysts for the hydrogenation of sulfoxide to sulfide","authors":"Yingchao Feng ,&nbsp;Jiayi Li ,&nbsp;Zhaoshuo Jiang ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Wangwang Fang ,&nbsp;Tongtong Li ,&nbsp;Guoyi Bai ,&nbsp;Ligong Chen ,&nbsp;Bowei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N doped graphitic carbon (UCs-T) or N, P co-doped graphitic carbon (PCs-T) were conveniently prepared by pyrolysis. Their main doping modes of heteroatoms and defect structures were characterized. The hydrogenation of sulfoxides to thioethers with H₂ and formic acid (FA) was investigated over the prepared carbon materials (UCs-T and PCs-T), respectively. N-doped carbon UCs-T series showed satisfactory catalytic performance and stability in hydrogenation of sulfoxide with H₂, especially for UCs-1000 with 93.74 % sulfoxide conversion. Characterization and theoretical calculation showed that the nano electric fields induced by defects and doped N atom, affected its polarity and ability to polarize and activate H₂ located there, which was beneficial to hydrogenation. For transfer hydrogenation of sulfoxide with FA, N, P co-doped carbon PCs-900 showed superior performance to commercial Pd/C in both activity and stability, sulfoxide conversion was 97.32 %. Characterization and theoretical calculation demonstrated the structural unit like 1,3-azaphosphorine showed significant capability for adsorption and activation of FA. The activation behaviors of hydrogen and FA by nano electric fields induced by defects and doping heteroatoms in carbon materials was different, and which provided a novel insight for the design of metal-free hydrogenation catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102724"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The swarmable magnetic-driven nanorobots for facilitating trans-intestinal mucosal delivery of oral vaccines to enhance mucosal and systemic immune responses","authors":"Linghong Huang ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Sun ,&nbsp;Ting Song ,&nbsp;Jun Long ,&nbsp;Xuewu Chen ,&nbsp;Renfeng Dong ,&nbsp;Zonghua Liu ,&nbsp;Zhong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous secretion of mucus by the intestinal mucosa and the intestinal motility combine to limit the absorption of orally administered vaccines. To extend the residence time of vaccines within the gastrointestinal tract and to improve their mucosal transit, we have developed a technology capable of swiftly and actively traversing the intestinal mucus barrier. In this study, we synthesized a biodegradable magnetic driven nanorobot (MNC@CaMn) loaded with antigen and constructed a magnetic driven nanorobot vaccine delivery platform. Under the precise regulation of the magnetic field, the residence time of the vaccines in the intestine was significantly prolonged, and the vaccine exhibited a swarming motility that could rapidly converge and cross the intestinal mucus barrier in a targeted manner, thus greatly facilitating antigen delivery and presentation and significantly activating CD8⁺ T lymphocytes. In addition, the rough surface of the nanorobot ensured stable antigen loading, while the Mn²⁺ in the particles was able to stimulate efficient mucosal and systemic immune responses due to its excellent adjuvant effect. The magnetic driven nanorobot vaccine delivery system constructed in this study provides a new strategy for the development of efficient oral and mucosal vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102721"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}