58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.最新文献

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Aggressive electromechanical relay panel replacement project at TXU electric delivery 积极的机电继电器面板更换项目在TXU电气交付
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430432
A. Jeżak, R. Garcia
{"title":"Aggressive electromechanical relay panel replacement project at TXU electric delivery","authors":"A. Jeżak, R. Garcia","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430432","url":null,"abstract":"TXU electric delivery is quite similar to most utility companies in the United States that have been around for over 100 years. There is always a need to track aging equipment and to decide when it is time to maintain, repair or replace equipment and that includes relays. For several years the issue of what to do with aging electromechanical relaying systems had been discussed and several possible options were explored. This paper addresses the process in the development of a microprocessor based relay replacement panel. Also discussed is the successful installation of 170 retrofit panels in 2004 and plans to replace an additional 1030 panel in the next three to four years. This paper also discussed the issues associated with undertaking such a project and will provide a glimpse on how the project is going.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124491571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Upgrading intertie protection to meet Texas public utility commission rules 升级电网保护以满足德州公用事业委员会的规定
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430439
L. Matus, G. Dalke
{"title":"Upgrading intertie protection to meet Texas public utility commission rules","authors":"L. Matus, G. Dalke","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430439","url":null,"abstract":"The 51N/32 combination functioned as a 67N directional overcurrent ground relay. In order to safely export power to the utility, safeguards had to be installed immediately. As part of the power contract, transfer trip equipment had to be installed at each utility substation and at the plant site to provide fast tripping of the intertie circuit breakers. Due to the long lead-time for procurement of transfer trip equipment and installation, immediate action was taken to prevent any power from exporting. Since the current protection relays did not give enough flexibility for additional trip set points, a microprocessor based multifunction relay was considered as an interim option.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"273 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123419410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Applying digital line current differential relays over pilot wires 在导频线上应用数字线路电流差动继电器
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430443
I. Voloh, R. Johnson
{"title":"Applying digital line current differential relays over pilot wires","authors":"I. Voloh, R. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430443","url":null,"abstract":"Digital current differential protection attracts the user for application simplicity, operation speed, and high sensitivity. Traditionally, current differential protection communication channels are either direct fiber optic cable or multiplexed channels using short copper links from a relay to a multiplexer. Commonly, pilot wire analog differential relays used to be applied for protection of short lines. Many utilities still have such copper, twisted pair, links with pilot wire relays in service. However, these relays do not meet nowadays requirements and are likely to be replaced. Utilities, however, are reluctant to invest into new communication links to replace existing pilot wires, if they can avoid it. This paper presents both the problems and practical solutions (modern HDSL communications modems appeared to be a good solution) for applying digital line current differential protection over copper wires.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116827117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Power transformer neutral grounding reactor application and distribution feeder protection issues at CenterPoint Energy 中心点能源公司电力变压器中性点接地电抗器应用和配电馈线保护问题
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430419
P. Sorrells, A. Benítez
{"title":"Power transformer neutral grounding reactor application and distribution feeder protection issues at CenterPoint Energy","authors":"P. Sorrells, A. Benítez","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the ramifications of grounding a substation power transformer through a reactor on the CenterPoint Energy distribution system. The purpose of the reactor is to reduce the magnitude of ground fault currents. This is expected to increase transformer life expectancy by significantly reducing transformer short circuit forces. The higher ground impedance provided by the neutral grounding reactor (NGR) also causes an increased voltage drop in the ground return path, raising the temporary overvoltage on the unfaulted phases and deepening the voltage sag on the faulted phase during a ground fault. Under normal operating conditions with large load imbalances, voltage regulation can be also impacted. The reduction in ground fault current requires the modification of ground protective device coordination and settings. The paper discusses how these issues are addressed for a successful implementation of an NGR in an effectively grounded, 4-wire distribution system.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"1098 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116046631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Arc flash hazard analysis and mitigation 电弧闪光危害分析与缓解
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430429
C. Inshaw, R.A. Wilson
{"title":"Arc flash hazard analysis and mitigation","authors":"C. Inshaw, R.A. Wilson","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430429","url":null,"abstract":"Recently enacted guidelines and regulations regarding arc flash hazards have focused industry attention on quantifying the dangers of arc flash events in energized low and medium voltage electrical equipment. Since incident energy from an arcing fault is directly proportional to the arc clearing time, reducing the arcing time is very beneficial. It results in reducing the PPE level requirements and limiting both direct and collateral damage to equipment. This paper provides an overview of arc flash hazards, arc flash calculations, and suggest a means of reducing the arc flash hazard level through faster detection and clearing of arc flash electrical faults.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122184528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 47
Implementation of an unconventional voltage slide scheme 实现一种非常规的电压滑动方案
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430425
I.L. van der Merwe, J. Cloete, N. Fischer
{"title":"Implementation of an unconventional voltage slide scheme","authors":"I.L. van der Merwe, J. Cloete, N. Fischer","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430425","url":null,"abstract":"Eskom experienced a voltage collapse condition in part of its subtransmission network. The network consists of a number of subtransmission substations that are interconnected and fed from three transmission substations. The voltage collapse condition occurred after a protection operation cleared a fault on one of the 132 kV lines feeding the network from one of the transmission substations. Network studies have shown that the source is relatively weak and that a voltage collapse will occur again if any one of a number of lines from the source transmission substations is tripped out due to a fault. From a solution point of view, constructing additional lines feeding into the network from the transmission substations would solve the problem. However, the load in the area is of such a nature that it is not possible to economically justify the construction of new lines. The paper finally focuses on one specific solution that was selected as being the most appropriate and cost effective. In summary, this solution is an undervoltage load-shedding scheme. The system studies showed that a conventional definite-time undervoltage load-shedding scheme would not provide much benefit. A unique undervoltage algorithm was developed so that load could be shed at selected substations based on the voltage depression at that substation, while still supplying a large part of the network. This unique algorithm was required because voltage at specific substations greatly differs depending on the various contingencies of incoming feeders tripping. The algorithm uses inverse time to shed load based on the severity of the voltage collapse at a specific substation. A modern numerical relay enabled the user to freely program unique algorithms, and could also be used to perform tripping. The paper discusses this solution and its implementation.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122782803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
High-speed distribution protection made easy: communications-assisted protection schemes for distribution applications 高速配电保护变得容易:用于配电应用的通信辅助保护方案
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1049/CP:20051193
R. Moxley, K. Fodero
{"title":"High-speed distribution protection made easy: communications-assisted protection schemes for distribution applications","authors":"R. Moxley, K. Fodero","doi":"10.1049/CP:20051193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/CP:20051193","url":null,"abstract":"Communications-assisted protective schemes in transmission applications have been in service for decades. Recommendations for scheme application are well established, depending on the type of channel. Communications typically used for transmission line applications include power-line carrier, microwave, and optical fiber. With more emphasis being placed on distribution system reliability, there is a need to establish protection methods for the varying communications being used on these systems. By their nature, distribution lines are different from transmission lines. They are generally shorter, they have more tapped loads, and load currents are frequently on the same order of magnitude as fault currents. Communications systems are also different from those used on transmission lines, with associated differences in errors, outages, and signal-transmission reliability. This paper examines different communication paths for protection signals, such as spread-spectrum radio, fiber-optic cable, phone lines, and copper pilot wire. Data transmission statistics with performance measures are given for each type of communication. Based on the communication characteristics and its performance during faults, different protection schemes are studied, with total clearing times given for each scheme. The consequences of communications failure on each type of scheme are examined, including the possibility of misoperation, as well as backup clearing times.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123277261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 28
System protection and control task force's initial recommendations concerning NERC recommendation 8A loadability requirements on transmission protective relaying systems 系统保护和控制工作组关于传输保护继电系统的NERC建议8A负载性要求的初步建议
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430438
M. Carpenter
{"title":"System protection and control task force's initial recommendations concerning NERC recommendation 8A loadability requirements on transmission protective relaying systems","authors":"M. Carpenter","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430438","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses with system protection and control task force's initial recommendations concerning with NERC recommendation 8A loadability requirements on transmission protective relaying systems. The NERC investigation team recommends that the zone 3 relay, if used, should not operate at or below 150% of the emergency ampere rating of a line, assuming a .85 per unit voltage and a line phase angle of 30 degrees. The planning committee shall review such exceptions to ensure they do not increase the risk of widening a cascading failure of the power system.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126309940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Staged-fault testing for high impedance fault data collection 高阻抗故障数据采集的分段故障测试
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430417
M. Carpenter, R. Hoad, T. Bruton, R. Das, S. Kunsman, J. M. Peterson
{"title":"Staged-fault testing for high impedance fault data collection","authors":"M. Carpenter, R. Hoad, T. Bruton, R. Das, S. Kunsman, J. M. Peterson","doi":"10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPRE.2005.1430417","url":null,"abstract":"Faulted lines must be repaired and returned to service in the shortest possible time to provide reliable service to the customers. Fault detection is an important aspect of system protection, as it involves personnel as well as equipment safety. The research on high impedance fault (HTF) detection techniques is mainly based on conventional methods, familiar to the power system engineers. TXU Electric Delivery (TXUED) and ABB have initiated a project to collect HIF data from staged-fault testing, to assist ABB in the research and development of suitable techniques for detecting high impedance faults. Since most protective relay engineers have spent their careers avoiding faults on the electric system, they are not usually comfortable with the process of staging faults on a system in service. The purpose of this paper is to describe one method of staging faults that is both safe for utility personnel performing the tests and results in no interruption or break in service to the utility consumers connected to the distribution feeder. Also, the analysis of the resulting HIF test data is discussed. These staged fault tests occurred on January 27-29, 2004 and also on September 27-28, 2004 on a distribution feeder at the TXU Huntington Substation near Lufkin, Texas.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133208884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
Implementation and operational experience of a wide area special protection scheme on the SRP system 基于SRP系统的广域特殊保护方案的实施和操作经验
58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005. Pub Date : 2005-04-05 DOI: 10.1109/PSAMP.2006.285384
J. Sykes, M. Adamiak, G. Brunello
{"title":"Implementation and operational experience of a wide area special protection scheme on the SRP system","authors":"J. Sykes, M. Adamiak, G. Brunello","doi":"10.1109/PSAMP.2006.285384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PSAMP.2006.285384","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. As the existing transmission system infrastructure is challenged to support loads beyond original design limits, the implementation of \"wide area\" power system protection systems (PSPS) are often needed to maintain transmission system integrity. Such a system, with stringent performance and availability requirements, has recently been designed and installed on the salt river project (SRP) system. In particular, measurements of generation levels on one side of the system must affect load balance on the other side of the system over 150 miles away in less than 1 second. This paper starts by presenting the need for the PSPS and the resulting design requirements. It then discusses the architecture that resulted from the requirements and the subsequent implementation and testing issues. Actual operation and performance results, including end-to-end timing tests, will be presented. The paper concludes with a discussion of desired improvements in the architecture and new solutions that are available through the generic object oriented substation event (GOOSE), virtual LAN (VLAN), and priority messaging technologies that are now available through the IEC 61850 communication protocol.","PeriodicalId":395312,"journal":{"name":"58th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2005.","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125134546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
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