Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110901
Yixin Cao , Yuxiao Fang , Li Yin , Yang Fang , Ganggui Zhu , Linhui Li , Zhuo Chen , Jun Cao , Yina Liu , Chun Zhao , Guohua Lu
{"title":"Neuromorphic vision array based on full-spectrum perovskite materials for object detection in complex environments","authors":"Yixin Cao , Yuxiao Fang , Li Yin , Yang Fang , Ganggui Zhu , Linhui Li , Zhuo Chen , Jun Cao , Yina Liu , Chun Zhao , Guohua Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The physical scaling limitations of CMOS technology and the impending end of Moore’s Law have led to increasing interest in neuromorphic computing approaches to enhance computational performance. Inspired by the parallel computing capabilities of the human brain, neuromorphic devices that integrate memory, computation and perception have been developed to address these challenges. Among various perception simulations, vision is particularly important, as it accounts for over 70 % of sensory input in humans. Full-spectrum technology, as a method capable of capturing rich optical information, has effectively realized the process of simulating visual target detection. Meanwhile, the perovskite-structured material CsPbI<sub>3</sub>, with its wide-spectrum absorption, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and excellent stability, which makes CsPbI<sub>3</sub> an ideal candidate for visual arrays that can span the full spectrum of light. In this study, we propose a full-spectrum perovskite-based visual array for use in unmanned object detection platforms, replacing the conventional perception, memory, and computation units. By extracting parameters from all 64 devices on a single visual array and inputting them into a neural network, we achieved a more realistic and comprehensive simulation of ground target detection and recognition compared to previous methods. The results demonstrate significant improvements in data processing efficiency and performance, suggesting broad potential for application in intelligent devices, industrial automation, and medical equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110901"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110903
Yue Liu , Chujia Xu , Xintao Xie , Tingkai Wang , Xianfeng Xie , Jianyong Ye , Jia Wang , Sheng Zhuo , Jiang Xu , Weifan Chen
{"title":"Leaf-inspired solar evaporators with synergistic regulation of wettability and water supply angle for enhanced energy-mass management","authors":"Yue Liu , Chujia Xu , Xintao Xie , Tingkai Wang , Xianfeng Xie , Jianyong Ye , Jia Wang , Sheng Zhuo , Jiang Xu , Weifan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimization of energy-mass transport in solar desalination devices is essential for controlling the yield of freshwater and energy consumption. However, complex application environments make it challenging to clarify the coordinated patterns of water transfer and heat utilization under the coexistence of multiple mechanisms. Here, a biomimetic solar desalination device with gradient wettability and variable water supply angles is introduced, drawing inspiration from the natural growth of tree branches and leaves. This design effectively leverages the distinct longitudinal water transport capabilities of Janus sponge leaves, which exhibit double-sided super hydrophilicity and single-sided weak or strong hydrophobicity, resulting in varied water accumulation volumes and locations. Simulation and the synchronous optimization of leaf inclination angles are employed to visualize the water-heat transfer and its distribution, revealing the equilibrium principle between water flow and heat consumption. Based on theoretical assessments, the ambient light intensity required for better performance release is configured for each leaf. This holistic and nuanced tuning results in an evaporation rate of 2.98 kg m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, showcasing stable tolerance to high-concentration brines and adaptability to outdoor conditions. This approach transcends the constraints of conventional single-variable regulation, presenting an innovative avenue for the design of energy-mass management systems in solar desalination technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110903"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110908
Yushu Tian, Yi Wei, Min Wang, Jiadong Wang, Xiaofeng Li, Xuan Qin, Liqun Zhang
{"title":"Ultra-stretchable, tough, and self-healing polyurethane with tunable microphase separation for flexible wearable electronics","authors":"Yushu Tian, Yi Wei, Min Wang, Jiadong Wang, Xiaofeng Li, Xuan Qin, Liqun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of flexible wearable materials that combine high toughness, stretchability, and compatibility with the modulus of human skin remains a significant challenge, due to inherent trade-offs between strength and elongation. These materials must demonstrate mechanical durability and resistance to environmental factors such as moisture and sweat. Herein, we present a polyurethane elastomer (HTPB-PU) that is ultra-stretchable, tough, thermodynamically stable, self-healing, biocompatible, and transparent, specifically designed for flexible wearable electronics. The elastomer incorporates a hydrophobic soft segment and varying concentrations of disulfide bonds to enable tunable microphase separation. This approach leads to the uniform distribution of hard-phase aggregates, resulting in exceptional properties, including a tensile elongation of 2180 %, a toughness of 42.8 MJ m<sup>−3</sup>, and a Young’s modulus of 110 kPa, allowing it to support objects weighing 16,666 times its own weight below it. Additionally, the material exhibits self-healing at 36 °C and retains stability over 300 cycles at 150 % strain, even after 30 days of immersion in water and synthetic perspiration. Moreover, a stretch sensor capable of detecting physiological signals, including pulse and throat vibrations, was developed by integrating the material with liquid metal, demonstrating its potential for health monitoring and intelligent wearables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110908"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deciphering volume changes in Li-S solid-state battery components during cycling: Implication for advanced battery design","authors":"Huainan Qu , Tianyao Ding , Xiaoxiao Zhang , Dantong Qiu , Peng Chen , Dong Zheng , Dongping Lu , Deyang Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we developed custom fixtures to investigate the mechanical and electrochemical behavior of all-solid-state lithium batteries during cycling under constant pressure and constant volume conditions. We successfully monitored vertical displacements during constant pressure cycling and pressure variations during constant volume cycling, allowing us decouple volume changes in the sulfur, Li₂S cathodes, Li<sub>x</sub>In anode, and solid-state electrolyte. Scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed that two structural changes occur during ASSLB cycling: (1) irreversible fractures in the active material particles, and (2) void formation within the electrode matrix. While the fractures in primary particles are permanent, void formation can be mitigated through stack pressure, which promotes particle rearrangement in the electrode matrix. Our findings emphasize the importance of stack pressure in maintaining the microscale integrity of all-solid-state lithium batteries, preventing void formation and enhance battery performance and durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110887"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110899
Haoqi Li , Inkyum Kim , Tae Sik Goh , Jae Il Lee , Daewon Kim
{"title":"Multimodal magnetic sponge-based triboelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting, force sensing, and controlled drug delivery","authors":"Haoqi Li , Inkyum Kim , Tae Sik Goh , Jae Il Lee , Daewon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been driving sustainable energy solutions and precision applications in smart devices and the medical field, thanks to their multifunctionality and self-powered capabilities. A multifunctional magnetic sponge based on a magnetic sponge triboelectric nanogenerator (MS-TENG) is introduced in this study, integrating mechanical and magnetic energy harvesting with intelligent controlled drug delivery capabilities. The magnetic sponge is fabricated by incorporating hard magnetic NdFeB particles and liquid metal into an Ecoflex sponge. Excellent energy harvesting performance is demonstrated by the MS-TENG, as the incorporation of liquid metal allows output generation with only a single wire inserted into the sponge. At an external load of 240 MΩ, a maximum power density of 267.67 mW/m² is achieved. Additionally, a strong linear correlation between the output voltage and current of the MS-TENG with applied force is exhibited, establishing it as a reliable self-powered force sensor. Simultaneously, the anisotropic deformation of the NdFeB elastomer enables it to function as a self-powered magnetic field sensor, capable of detecting the magnitude and direction of external magnetic fields. More importantly, this anisotropic deformation allows MS-TENG to operate as a magnetic soft robot, facilitating precise drug delivery in response to external magnetic fields. Furthermore, by utilizing the non-contact mode of TENG, the position and movement of the MS-TENG within the body can be monitored using a simple aluminum electrode plate. This work introduces a novel strategy for the development of TENG-based devices in multi-energy harvesting and drug delivery applications for soft robotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110899"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110897
Ahmed Shahat , Muhammed A. Mahmoud , Islam M. El-Sewify , Abdullah Reda , Naeem Akter , Ahmed Alharbi , Ahmed Radwan , Mohamed Hasan , Mohamed A. Shenashen , Sherif A. El-Safty
{"title":"Nanogenerator-induced personalized wearable health monitoring electronics: A review","authors":"Ahmed Shahat , Muhammed A. Mahmoud , Islam M. El-Sewify , Abdullah Reda , Naeem Akter , Ahmed Alharbi , Ahmed Radwan , Mohamed Hasan , Mohamed A. Shenashen , Sherif A. El-Safty","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fusion of triboelectric nanogenerators and piezoelectric nanogenerators with healthcare biosensors represents a pioneering synergy, propelling wearable technologies into a new era. These nanogenerators have a remarkable ability to harness energy from mechanical movements and seamlessly integrate with biosensors, creating self-powered systems that redefine the landscape of healthcare monitoring. Beyond merely providing power, this integration facilitates continuous, noninvasive monitoring of vital physiological signals such as heart rate and pulse. Nanogenerator-powered biosensors offer a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach by harvesting energy from user movements, blood flow, and heartbeat. This transformative combination not only increases the accessibility and efficiency of wearable health technologies but also paves the way for personalized and comprehensive health monitoring. The potential for a greener and more integrated future in wearable biosensing becomes evident through nanogenerators' environmentally conscious energy-harvesting mechanism. Adding a layer of sophistication, integrating deep learning and machine learning models further propels the capabilities of nanogenerator-powered biosensors. These systems generate intelligent actions in specific situations by using training data and experiences to refine algorithmic models. Thus, the system can formulate appropriate responses and predictions based on acquired knowledge and insights. These insights are invaluable to chronic illnesses such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases, contributing significantly to the diagnosis and treatment processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110897"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110877
Eun Chan Park , Jangsaeng Kim , Jonghyun Ko , Wonjun Shin , Manh-Cuong Nguyen , Minsuk Song , Ki-Ryun Kwon , Ryun-Han Koo , Daewoong Kwon
{"title":"Hafnia-based ferroelectric computer vision system with artificial synaptic array","authors":"Eun Chan Park , Jangsaeng Kim , Jonghyun Ko , Wonjun Shin , Manh-Cuong Nguyen , Minsuk Song , Ki-Ryun Kwon , Ryun-Han Koo , Daewoong Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent developments in deep learning have significantly enhanced image classification capabilities and established a new performance standard for computer vision applications. However, these advancements are constrained by the high-energy demands of conventional von Neumann computing architectures. We propose an in-memory vision transformer (ViT) system that utilizes synaptic ferroelectric thin-film transistor (FeTFT) arrays combined with a high-mobility indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) channel to address this limitation. The in-memory ViT system facilitates parallel operations through vector-matrix multiplication (VMM) with a minimal hardware burden, thereby significantly reducing energy consumption while maintaining a high performance. The synaptic IGZO FeTFT array exhibits high mobility, precise conductance modulation, and robust endurance over extensive program/erase cycles. Precise weight-transfer capabilities and reliable VMM operations are demonstrated using synaptic IGZO FeTFT arrays. The proposed in-memory ViT system achieves an exceptional accuracy of approximately 94 % on the CIFAR-10 dataset even after more than 10<sup>7</sup> program/erase cycles. A reliable and energy-efficient in-memory ViT system comprising the use of synaptic IGZO FeTFT arrays provides a viable solution for the energy limitations of advanced computer vision applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110877"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110898
Yashi Huang , Peiyan Shen , Qun Ma , Wan-Ying Li , Ning Ma , Xu Wang , Bin Sun , Fan Xia , Yi Jiang , Meifang Zhu
{"title":"A general approach of reinforcing hydrogels for salinity-gradient energy harvesting","authors":"Yashi Huang , Peiyan Shen , Qun Ma , Wan-Ying Li , Ning Ma , Xu Wang , Bin Sun , Fan Xia , Yi Jiang , Meifang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salinity-gradient energy (osmotic energy) has attracted considerable attention because of its sustainable and pollution-free nature. Although diverse hydrogel membranes have been fabricated to replace two-dimensional material-based membranes, strategies for producing tough hydrogel membranes for efficient capture of salinity-gradient energy are still unexplored and of significant challenge. Herein, we reported a general approach of reinforcing hydrogels using covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Because of the COF-induced nanochannel confinement effect and the formation of multiple hydrogen bonds between COFs and PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) chains, one hydrogel demonstrated excellent mechanical properties including a fracture stress of ∼6.24 MPa, a fracture strain of ∼589.7 %, and the toughness of ∼16.62 MJ/M<sup>3</sup>, that were superior to those of the pristine PVA hydrogel. When the hydrogels were used for salinity-gradient energy harvesting, one hydrogel showed an output power density of ∼12.5 W/m<sup>2</sup> at a rather low resistance of ∼4 KΩ, that was superior to those of most of previously reporting systems using hydrogel membranes. This excellent performance was attributed to the sulfonated group-induced charge density enhancement and the PVA chain fluctuation-induced ions/ion clusters hopping. Our research provides an efficient strategy for the design of tough polymeric hydrogels for efficient capture of the salinity-gradient energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110898"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and functional verification of a flexible wireless spinal cord stimulator with spinal motion monitoring function","authors":"Zhao Peng , Zhaoxuan Niu , Chengjun Zeng , Wei Zhao , Jinsong Leng , Yanju Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) poses a significant threat to the physical and mental well-being of patients worldwide, with conventional therapeutic approaches demonstrating limited efficacy in restoring neural function. To address this challenge, we propose a flexible, wireless spinal cord stimulation system equipped with spinal motion monitoring capabilities. This system integrates a wireless flexible spinal cord stimulator and a self-powered spinal motion monitor based on a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The stimulator features fractal serpentine stretchable electrodes, which are mechanically compatible with spinal tissue, allowing it to accommodate spinal deformation and thereby minimizing the risk of tissue damage. The system also incorporates a wireless receiving antenna (Rx), composed of flexible capacitors and electrodes, designed to receive periodic electrical stimulation. The wireless stimulation is powered via electromagnetic coupling, eliminating the need for a battery and making the system more lightweight and multifunctional. Additionally, the spinal motion monitor enables real-time monitoring of the patient’s spinal health, transmitting data via Bluetooth to assist clinicians and patients in preventing secondary injuries and optimizing rehabilitation strategies. This work presents a novel integrated medical device system that combines wireless transmission, therapeutic intervention, and health monitoring, offering a promising new avenue for advanced healthcare solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 110895"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano EnergyPub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110900
Meng Zhu , Xianchun Qiu , Jiayao Liu , Qing Chang , Zhaona Wang , Zhong Lin Wang
{"title":"Electrically controlled interface state distribution for improving pyro-phototronic photosensing from UV to NIR","authors":"Meng Zhu , Xianchun Qiu , Jiayao Liu , Qing Chang , Zhaona Wang , Zhong Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.110900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interface states (ISs) in oxide semiconductor have long been considered a key factor for limiting the photoresponse performance of oxide-based photodetectors (PDs). Here, the IS distribution is electrically tailored and proposed as an effective strategy to improve the performances of the ZnO-based PDs. A graded IS (GIS) with tunable gradient is achieved through an electric field-assisted UV irradiation to significantly enhance the built-in electric field of the heterojunction. The corresponding steady (transient) photocurrent responsivity of the heterojunction as a self-powered PD is thus improved by a maximal factor of 1540% (237%) relative to the junction under the initial IS condition for 320–1120 nm waves. More importantly, the tunable IS distribution can modulate pyro-phototronic effect. This work provides an effective approach to manipulate IS distribution in oxide semiconductor and a potential perspective on using disorder IS to design the self-powered PDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":394,"journal":{"name":"Nano Energy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 110900"},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}