Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics最新文献_第5页

On building early-warning systems for preventing the deterioration of financial institutions’ performance 试论构建防范金融机构业绩恶化的预警体系

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0017

A. Costea

{"title":"On building early-warning systems for preventing the deterioration of financial institutions’ performance","authors":"A. Costea","doi":"10.2478/icas-2019-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper assesses the financial performance of Romania’s non-banking financial institutions (NFIs) using a neural network training algorithm proposed by Kohonen, namely the Self-Organizing Maps algorithm. The algorithm takes the financial dataset and positiones each observation into a self-organizing map (a two-dimensional map) which can be latter used to visualize the trajectories of an individual NFI and explain it based on different performance dimensions, such as capital adequacy, assets’ quality and profitability. Further, we use the map as an early-warning system that would accurately forecast the NFIs future performance (whether they would stay or be eliminated from the NFI’s Special Register three quarters into the future). The results are promising: the model is able to correctly predict NFIs’ performance movements. Finally, we compared the results of our SOM-based model with those obtained by applying a multivariate logit-based model. The SOM model performed worse in discriminating the NFIs’ performance: the performance classes were not clearly defined and the model lacked the interpretability of the results. In the contrary, the multivariate logit coefficients have nice interpretability and an individual default probability estimate is obtained for each new observation. However, we can benefit from the results of both techniques: the visualization capabilities of the SOM model and the interpretability of multivariate logit-based model.","PeriodicalId":393626,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126352460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are Teaching and Research activities mutually exclusive? A Data Mining study on European Universities 教学和科研活动是否相互排斥?欧洲大学数据挖掘研究

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0025

Simona R. Grădinaru, A. Aldea, Levida Beşir, Crișan Albu

{"title":"Are Teaching and Research activities mutually exclusive? A Data Mining study on European Universities","authors":"Simona R. Grădinaru, A. Aldea, Levida Beşir, Crișan Albu","doi":"10.2478/icas-2019-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Universities all around the world operate by following several institutional missions, with a central purpose on teaching and research activities. The importance of each aspect alongside the connection between them provide a disputed topic in the literature, many authors confirming or rejecting the intuitive inverse relationship by using various means, more or less quantitative. This paper aims to examine the teaching and research dimensions of the research-active European universities from a data mining perspective. For each dimension previously considered we employ the K-means Clustering in order to identify the groups of similar higher education institutions and we analyze the insights produced by the results. In addition, we build some target variables considering the teaching and research outputs and we investigate their drivers by employing the Logistic Regression. Furthermore, we explore the controverted relationship between the two institutional missions we considered through the use of Correspondence Analysis. Preliminary results illustrate that the dataset contains two types of universities: a category of very large and prestigious institutions and a second group of small and medium sized institutions, quite different from each other. Interest insights are given by the third part of the study, in which the Correspondence Analysis confirms an inverse relationship between teaching and research activities. Unfortunately, this is very likely a consequence of the time constraint – both activities require the same limited resources and therefore increasing the teaching burden for academics may diminish the time and energy dedicated to research.","PeriodicalId":393626,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127880678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Corruption perceptions index and economic development of the country 腐败指数和国家的经济发展

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0010

Liviu-Stelian Begu, Simona-Andreea Apostu, A. Enache

引用次数: 2

Big 4 and audit fees in the context of adopting International Financial Reporting Standards 在采用国际财务报告准则的背景下，四大会计师事务所和审计费用

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0040

Marta Tache

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the perception about the gender pay gap in the EU Member States 欧盟成员国对性别薪酬差距的看法分析

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0045

M. Vasilescu, G. Dimian, Amalia Cristescu

{"title":"Analysis of the perception about the gender pay gap in the EU Member States","authors":"M. Vasilescu, G. Dimian, Amalia Cristescu","doi":"10.2478/icas-2019-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0045","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main aim of the paper is to investigate European Union people’s perceptions on the gender pay gap, concentrating on the differences between countries and social groups. The focus of our analysis is on the following research questions: a) Are people in countries with fewer low-wage earners more aware of the gender pay gap than the others? Are high educated people and older workers more affected by the gender pay inequalities? Descriptive statistics and logistic regression applied on 28093 observations extracted from EUROBAROMETER 87.4 (2017) confirmed the two hypotheses and brought in addition other interesting and somehow conflicting results. Namely, in some of the countries, people’ perceptions are not supported by statistical data. In Luxembourg and Belgium, for example, even though statistical data demonstrate that the gender pay gap is between the lowest among European Union countries the percentage of those who perceives the inequalities is very high, exceeding 70% in both countries. More than that, in certain countries like Romania, a large number of people considers that gender pay gap is an acceptable phenomenon. Our contribution to the literature is two-fold. First, we have analysed the perceptions on gender pay gap of a large number of respondents and correlated with the reality demonstrated by statistical data. Second, we drew the attention to the fact that closing the ‘gender pay gap’ should be a target of public and private policies especially in high-wage countries, whereas in low-wage countries, the policy makers should focus rather on closing the ‘countries pay gap’, i.e. ensuring that wages are brought closer to the European average, with many economic and social benefits (raising living standards of the citizens, reducing poverty and migration and so on).","PeriodicalId":393626,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126230925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Which of the favorite optimal cut-off determination methods is preferable for the ordinal response data? A simulation study 哪一种最优截止确定方法更适合于有序响应数据?模拟研究

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0001

A. Alkan, S. Yüksel, P. Demır

{"title":"Which of the favorite optimal cut-off determination methods is preferable for the ordinal response data? A simulation study","authors":"A. Alkan, S. Yüksel, P. Demır","doi":"10.2478/icas-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of the optimal cut-off methods, which are generally used for the diagnostic tests with the continuous response, for the tests with the ordinal response. Diagnostic accuracy studies examine the ability of a diagnostic test to discriminate between the patients with and without the condition. For diagnostic tests with a continuous response, it is important in practice to calculate the optimal cut-off point that can differentiate patients and healthy individuals. There are many methods proposed in the literature to obtain the optimal cut-point value for continuous test results. The Youden index, the point closest-to-(0, 1) corner in the ROC plane approach, the concordance probability, and the minimum P-value approach are commonly used methods to determine optimal-cut-point. But the researches examining the performance of these methods in the setting of the ordinal response tests are lacking in the literature. So, we compared the mentioned optimal cut-off methods for the ordinal response data by the way of simulation design by considering the sample size and the balance of groups as simulation conditions. The sample sizes of the diseased and non-diseased group were set (50, 50), (100, 100), and (200, 200) for balanced design and (50, 100), (50, 150) and (50, 200) for unbalanced design. For each scenario, 1000 repeats were generated. The differences between the estimated and the true cut-off points (biases) were calculated. All these methods overestimated the true cut-off point, but the median biases of the methods were varying. For the unbalanced design, the same result was relevant but for the balanced design, the minimum P-value approach had a median bias as 0 while others have 1.","PeriodicalId":393626,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124469565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Classifying non-banking financial institutions based on their financial performance 根据非银行金融机构的财务业绩对其进行分类

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0016

A. Costea

{"title":"Classifying non-banking financial institutions based on their financial performance","authors":"A. Costea","doi":"10.2478/icas-2019-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper we evaluate comparatively the performance of non-banking financial institutions in Romania by the means of unsupervised neural networks in terms of Kohonen’ Self-Organizing Maps algorithm. We create a benchmarking model in the form of a two-dimensional map (a self-organizing map) that can be used to assess visually the performance of non-banking financial institutions based on different performance dimensions, such as capital adequacy, assets’ quality and profitability. We use the following indicators: Equity ratio (Leverage) for the capital adequacy dimension, Loans granted to clients (net value) / total assets (net value) for the assets’ quality dimension and Return on assets (ROA) for the profitability dimension. We have excluded from our analysis the other three dimensions used in evaluating the performance of banks, due to lack of data (for the two qualitative dimensions: quality of ownership and management) and irrelevance with the NFIs’ sector (liquidity). The proposed model is based on the Self-Organising Map algorithm which creates a two-dimensional map (e.g. 6x4 = 24 neurons) from p-dimensional input data. The data were collected for eleven non-banking financial institutions for four years 2007-2010, in total 44 observations. Using the visualization capabilities of the Self-Organising Map model and the trajectories we show the movements of the three non-banking financial institutions with the worst performance: the largest underperformer denoted with X, the second largest underperformer denoted with Y and the third largest underperformer denoted with Z between 2007 and 2010.","PeriodicalId":393626,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123625827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent Social Trends Among Romanian Twitter Users 罗马尼亚推特用户最近的社交趋势

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0023

Alexandru-Răzvan Florea

引用次数: 1

The Importance of FDI on Stimulating Entrepreneurship – A Regional Study in the Case of Romania 外商直接投资对促进创业的重要性——以罗马尼亚为例的区域研究

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0042

Horia Tigau

{"title":"The Importance of FDI on Stimulating Entrepreneurship – A Regional Study in the Case of Romania","authors":"Horia Tigau","doi":"10.2478/icas-2019-0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The world economy has been developing at a very fast pace for the past few decades, growth which is commonly linked to the development of technology. Innovative ideas become successful when certain individuals decide to face the multiple risks that appear when transforming these ideas in to reality. The vast literature on entrepreneurship has shown that startups are important players in driving the economy on an ascending path. It is no surprise that highly developed countries, such as USA, Israel or Singapore have governmental programs which stimulate startup creation. More recently, the Romanian government has also joined in on spending money to offer entrepreneurs the chance to create successful businesses. Using spatial panel data on the 41 counties of Romania and the capital, Bucharest, on the period 2011-2016, this study highlights some significant dependencies between the survival of startups (for a period of 3 years) and other factors – both internal and external. The analysis shows that the aforementioned survival is clearly and positively impacted by Foreign Direct Investment, the share of fresh businesses in the total business environment and the number of immigrants with a permanent residence in the respective counties. Moreover, there are significant spatial effects occurring between neighboring counties. These results suggest that foreign investors could benefit from bringing their capital in Romania, as startups greatly contribute to the specialization of markets, and moreover, spillover effects present suggest that a smaller number of investment centers can be highly effective in their regions.","PeriodicalId":393626,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130730730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Strategies and perspectives reffered to the analysis and development of the preuniversity education system from Romania 策略和观点是指罗马尼亚大学预科教育系统的分析和发展

Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/icas-2019-0044

L. Ţoţan, C. Frăsineanu

引用次数: 0