Zijian Wang , Shuting Li , Jiashuo Zheng , Jiahan Li , Yanbing Tong , Ming Ke , Zhaozheng Song
{"title":"The growth mechanism and application in isoamylene oligomerization of MCM-22 zeolite","authors":"Zijian Wang , Shuting Li , Jiashuo Zheng , Jiahan Li , Yanbing Tong , Ming Ke , Zhaozheng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MCM-22 zeolite synthesized by utilizing the hexamethyleneimine as the organic structure directing agent has a wide range of applications. For the growth mechanism of the typical sample, on the macro level, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM are used to confirm the epitaxial growth of the intercalation structure. On the micro level, eight different T sites of the zeolite are completely distinguished as well as the guidance of hexamethyleneimine on T<sub>1</sub>, T<sub>2</sub>, T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>5</sub> sites has been demonstrated through DFT calculation and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. A series of MCM-22 zeolites display the good catalytic stability and dimerization selectivity. The synergy of hexamethyleneimine and amphiphilic organosilane optimizates the mesopore and acidity of the sample effectively, which makes the selectivity and yield of dimerization product exceed 94.8 % and 85.0 % after 12 h respectively. At the same time, the carbon deposition decreases from 3.38 % to 3.13 %. This work provides a theoretical basis for the growth mechanism and application in olefin oligomerization of MCM-22 zeolite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 113789"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Connaire McCready , Khadija Asif , Rhys Blaney , José R.B. Gomes , Ashleigh Fletcher , Miguel Jorge
{"title":"Systematic assessment of generic force fields for CO2 adsorption in metal-organic frameworks","authors":"Connaire McCready , Khadija Asif , Rhys Blaney , José R.B. Gomes , Ashleigh Fletcher , Miguel Jorge","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To ensure that computational screening of porous materials, such as MOFs, for carbon capture yields accurate predictions, it is essential to carefully, and thoroughly, validate and test the underlying molecular models. Yet, such validation studies are extremely scarce in the literature, and the vast majority of comparisons between simulated and experimental adsorption isotherms do not realistically consider the inherent uncertainty in either or both methods. In this paper, we conduct a systematic assessment of simulation force fields by comparing them against ‘consensus’ experimental isotherms derived from a curated dataset of carbon dioxide adsorption measurements. Our estimate for the average uncertainty in experimental adsorption isotherms is ∼15 %, while the average uncertainty arising from the choice of framework force field is ∼10 %; these uncertainties are quite significant and should be considered explicitly when comparing simulations to experiments. Remarkably, we observed that generic force fields taken ‘off the shelf’ only yielded good predictions of experimental data for one out of five MOFs studied here – IRMOF-1. The observed discrepancies for Cu-BTC and Co-MOF-74 can be explained by the inability of standard force fields to accurately describe the specific interactions of CO<sub>2</sub> with open metal sites. In contrast, the differences for UiO-66 can be rationalised by the presence of extensive defects in the MOF structure. However, the disagreement observed for MIL-47 has not been unequivocally explained, raising the need for more extensive experimental and simulation studies of this material. Based on these results, we provide concrete recommendations for future computational modelling studies of adsorption in MOFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113788"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gayoung Lee , Jong Yeon Lim , Jeong-Chul Kim , Changbum Jo
{"title":"Effect of hydrophobic character of diammonium-capping agents for the synthesis of nanocrystalline MOR zeolite","authors":"Gayoung Lee , Jong Yeon Lim , Jeong-Chul Kim , Changbum Jo","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiammonium surfactants are known to act as effective capping agents in the synthesis of zeolite nanoparticles. While the attractive interactions between ammonium head groups and zeolite surfaces play a critical role in capping, the influence of the surfactant tail structures remains poorly understood. In this study, a series of diammonium surfactants with different tail lengths (<em>i.e.</em>, C<sub><em>n</em></sub>H<sub>2<em>n</em>+1</sub>-N<sup>+</sup>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>-N<sup>+</sup>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-C<sub><em>m</em></sub>H<sub>2<em>m</em>+1</sub>, 4 ≤ <em>n, m</em> ≤ 22) were systematically tested to investigate the effect of hydrophobic character on the morphology of mordenite (MOR) zeolite nanocrystals. Capping efficiency was assessed using X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that surfactants with a moderate hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance—quantified by the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N<sup>+</sup>) ratio—exhibited the highest capping efficiency, resulting in smaller particle sizes and larger external surface areas. Furthermore, non-Gemini surfactants (<em>i.e.</em>, <em>n</em> ≠ <em>m</em>) demonstrated significantly enhanced capping efficiency, compared to symmetric Gemini surfactants (<em>i.e.</em>, <em>n</em> = <em>m</em>). These findings offer valuable insights into the molecular design of surfactants in the controlled synthesis of zeolite nanoparticles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113784"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zongpeng Liu , Shaojian Hu , Qingquan Hao , Rui Ma , Yuning Zhang , Bencheng Wu , Jianhua Zhu
{"title":"Ordered mesoporous silica KIT-6 supported tin(II) oxides for the esterification synthesis of trimethylolpropane complex polyolester","authors":"Zongpeng Liu , Shaojian Hu , Qingquan Hao , Rui Ma , Yuning Zhang , Bencheng Wu , Jianhua Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, heterogeneous catalytic esterification for synthetic esters production is believed more compatible with the postulates of green chemistry and sustainability goals. In this work, we developed hydrophobic stannous oxide supported on mesoporous silica KIT-6 materials (SnO/KIT-6) via a feasible synthesis and post-grafting modification approach, which served as solid heterogeneous catalysts and then tested in the synthesis of complex polyolester (CPE). The catalytic behaviour of as-prepared catalysts was also systematically investigated and the highest carboxyl conversion (<em>ca.</em>95.6 %) could be achieved under the optimal preparation conditions within the studied range. The obtained results revealed that Lewis acidity of the tin-based catalysts played a crucial role in esterification conversion efficiency, which varied depending upon the dispersion of different SnO loading. Furthermore, the reusability of the catalyst was evaluated and demonstrated relatively stable catalytic activity for up to five consecutive cycles. Additionally, the possible esterification reaction mechanism of CPE over the modified S-SnO/KIT-6 was also elucidated. The resultant catalysts leveraged full advantage of the unique textural properties and adequate surface hydrophobicity, intensively facilitating the diffusion of large polar molecules and resisting to deactivation from generated water. Collectively, the findings of present study may provide some valuable insights for adopting productive and environmentally benign catalytic processes to synthesize ester-based lubricants in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113787"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of the pore structure of hierarchical Y-zeolite via experimental and computational approaches","authors":"Nida Tasneem , Hassan Alasiri , Shakeel Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous <strong>studies have investigated</strong> hierarchical Y-zeolite<strong>s experimentally, given their significance in</strong> overcoming <strong>diffusion</strong> limitations <strong>during</strong> heavy oil cracking applications<strong>.</strong> However, <strong>computational modeling of</strong> these micro-mesoporous structures <strong>remains limited.</strong> This <strong>study presents</strong> a <strong>computational</strong> technique for <strong>simulating</strong> hierarchical Y-zeolite<strong>s</strong> to <strong>analyze</strong> structural properties at an atomistic level. <strong>Three hierarchical models were considered, comprising</strong> microporous materials <strong>with mesopores carved into their structure.</strong> These models <strong>were</strong> constructed with various pore sizes using the <strong>Visualizer module in Materials Studio</strong> and characterized <strong>through</strong> molecular simulation<strong>s. Specific surface area, porosity, adsorption isotherms, and pore size distributions</strong> were calculated <strong>using the Forcite and Sorption modules within Materials Studio. Simulation</strong> results were <strong>experimentally validated</strong> by synthesizing hierarchical Y-zeolite<strong>s</strong> with <strong>varying</strong> pore sizes <strong>through</strong> post-synthetic <strong>surfactant-templating treatments. An</strong> acid reagent expanded pores and achieved controlled dealumination <strong>within</strong> the zeolite framework. Simulated adsorption isotherms and <strong>pore-size distributions closely matched</strong> experimental data. Key parameters characterizing hierarchical Y-zeolite structures were identified by fitting computational <strong>results to</strong> experimental isotherms, <strong>laying the foundation</strong> for predicting the <strong>adsorption behavior</strong> of different adsorbates in mesoporous Y-zeolite<strong>s</strong>. <strong>Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations were also utilized</strong> to <strong>explain</strong> the <strong>nitrogen adsorption microstructure</strong> and <strong>multilayer adsorption mechanism. This approach provides a basis</strong> for constructing <strong>and modeling</strong> other micro-mesoporous structures <strong>in future studies.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113786"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring cation gating in RHO zeolites via modification of Cs+/Na+ Ratio: Analysis of sorption isotherms for carbon dioxide, hydrogen, methane, and nitrogen","authors":"Paria Sadeghi, Matthew Myers, Arash Arami-Niya","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The temperature-regulated gated adsorption behaviour of Na, Cs-RHO zeolites with varying Cs<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> mass ratios (2.2, 1.0, and 0.6) was investigated for H<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>, and CH<sub>4</sub> at pressures up to 800 kPa and temperatures from 77.15 to 413.15 K. Zeolite RHO 2.2 exhibited a \"trapdoor\" effect, where adsorption was negligible at low temperatures but significantly increased above a critical temperature, particularly for H<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub>. This behaviour is attributed to Cs<sup>+</sup> cations dynamically blocking or opening the pore windows, regulating gas access. In contrast, RHO 1 and RHO 0.6 followed typical physisorption without gating effects, with RHO 0.6 showing the highest CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption in the order CO<sub>2</sub> > CH<sub>4</sub> > N<sub>2</sub>. The separation potential of zeolite RHO 2.2, 1, and 0.6 for CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub>, and CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> gas mixtures was evaluated by determining the pure gas adsorption capacities. Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory (IAST) estimated the adsorption selectivity across different conditions. The negligible CH<sub>4</sub> uptake by RHO 2.2 highlights its high CO<sub>2</sub>/CH<sub>4</sub> selectivity, making it a strong candidate for CO<sub>2</sub> separation in biogas and natural gas purification. These findings provide new insights into temperature-controlled adsorption in zeolites and the tunability of gas selectivity through cation exchange.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113776"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Yeop Oh , Sol Geo Lim , Hye Rim Choi , Donghyun Moon , Chiho Sung , Ji-Ho Yoon
{"title":"Spectroscopic study of cation exchange in small-pore zeolite sodium natrolite","authors":"Chang Yeop Oh , Sol Geo Lim , Hye Rim Choi , Donghyun Moon , Chiho Sung , Ji-Ho Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small-pore zeolite natrolite exhibits a distinct cation-exchange behavior that profoundly influences both framework and non-framework configurations. Herein, we investigate the structural evolution of Na<sup>+</sup>-natrolite upon K<sup>+</sup> exchange using a suite of spectroscopic approaches, including solid-state <sup>29</sup>Si, <sup>27</sup>Al, and <sup>23</sup>Na magic angle-spinning NMR, FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopy. An order-disorder transition is observed in the Na<sup>+</sup>-natrolite framework during progressive K<sup>+</sup> substitution, accompanied by ∼10 % unit cell volume expansion and ∼46 % decrease in the chain rotation angle, reflecting a gradual transformation toward a more circular 8-ring channel geometry. The <sup>29</sup>Si NMR spectra show a significant line broadening up to 73.7 % K<sup>+</sup>-exchange, followed by two distinct resonances at −89.1 and −92.3 ppm for fully exchanged K<sup>+</sup>-substituted natrolite, confirming the structural reordering. The <sup>27</sup>Al NMR results reveal the progressive development of asymmetric shoulder resonances during partial substitution, which disappeared upon full exchange, indicating the reorganization of tetrahedral Al ordering. Meanwhile, <sup>23</sup>Na NMR shows a monotonic decrease in signal intensity without line-shape alteration, suggesting either fast Na<sup>+</sup> release or preservation of ordered Na<sup>+</sup> environments. Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy further reveal vibrational shifts and line broadening in both the framework and O−H stretching modes, indicating the transition from ordered “zeolitic ice” to disordered “zeolitic water” upon full K<sup>+</sup> exchange. These results provide molecular-level insights into the ion-water interaction and structural flexibility of natrolite, with implications for the cation-exchange behavior in nanoporous zeolitic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113785"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongbo Hou , Zhaotian Wang , Lu Zhang , Xin Liu , Xufeng Dong
{"title":"Preparation of secondary growth of metal organic frameworks and potential applications","authors":"Yongbo Hou , Zhaotian Wang , Lu Zhang , Xin Liu , Xufeng Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have undergone rapid development, evolving from their initial discovery to widespread applications across various fields. Their diverse structural forms and extensive ranges of functionalities make them highly versatile. Synthesizing MOFs in membrane form enables efficient gas separation and adsorption, contributing to environmental purification and water resource management. The key to these applications lies in the ability to fabricate dense, defect-free membrane structures, for which secondary growth proves to be an effective strategy. By introducing the influencing factors of crystal species, support, inoculation method and growth method in the secondary growth process, together with the summarization of the applications. Guidance and options can be provided for synthesizing high-quality MOFs membranes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zongwu Wei , Sefeng Qin , Jiayi Wang , Chuncan Yang , Huafa Liang , Kungang Chai , Zhiqiang Lin , Fang Shen
{"title":"Efficient adsorptive separation of Pb(Ⅱ) via Zn-triazole metal-organic framework","authors":"Zongwu Wei , Sefeng Qin , Jiayi Wang , Chuncan Yang , Huafa Liang , Kungang Chai , Zhiqiang Lin , Fang Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the intensification of the heavy metal pollution burden, it is urgent to develop an adsorbent that can efficiently and selectively separate and capture heavy metal ions. In this work, a Zn-based triazole MOF was successfully prepared for efficient selective adsorption of Pb(II) (MOF-ZTN). The maximum uptake capacity of MOF-ZTN for Pb(II) can peak at 790 mg g<sup>−1</sup>, with selectivity coefficients (<em>K<sub>s</sub></em>) for Mg(II), Cd(II), Mn(II), and Co(II) being 2927, 1846, 4453, and 828, respectively, indicating that the material has a significant selective adsorption advantage for Pb(II). In the low concentration Pb(II) wastewater system, MOF-ZTN can also effectively remove more than 90 % of Pb(II) ions so that the treated wastewater quality can meet the requirements of relevant emission standards. Five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles confirm the recyclability of MOF-ZTN. The theoretical calculation elucidates that the synergistic capture of Pb(II) by the nitrogen atoms of three triazoles in MOF-ZTN is the key to its adsorption mechanism. In short, this study shows that MOF-ZTN exhibits significant potential in the efficient capture and separation of Pb(II) and provides a new theoretical basis for the application of MOFs within the domain of environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113780"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monika Wysocka-Żołopa, Izabela Zabłocka, Jakub Goclon, Joanna Breczko, Diana Bobrowska, Anna Basa, Krzysztof Winkler
{"title":"C60Pd coordination oligomers inside ordered mesoporous silica: formation, morphology, and electrochemical properties","authors":"Monika Wysocka-Żołopa, Izabela Zabłocka, Jakub Goclon, Joanna Breczko, Diana Bobrowska, Anna Basa, Krzysztof Winkler","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the formation and characterization of ordered mesoporous silica particles, MCM-48, used as supports to form C<sub>60</sub>Pd@MCM-48 nanocomposites. Silica nanopores were impregnated with a benzene solution containing fullerene C<sub>60</sub> via capillary action, and then, this fullerene incorporated into the silica pores was chemically polymerized in a solution containing a precursor to the polymerization process. The morphology and structure of the resulting composite were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption, and thermogravimetry. The C<sub>60</sub>Pd polymer was extracted from the composite and formed spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of 2–3 nm. The C<sub>60</sub>Pd@MCM-48 composite exhibited electrochemical activity both in positive and negative potential ranges. Rates of both processes and the amount of oligomeric material involved in the electrochemical process were controlled by counterion transport through the silica pores filled with the C<sub>60</sub>Pd phase. The interaction between the coordination fullerene oligomer and the defected silica surface led to the easier reduction of the C<sub>60</sub>Pd phase in comparison to the pristine fullerene polymer deposited directly on the electrode surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"398 ","pages":"Article 113781"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}