{"title":"Formation and scaffold interaction of zeolite-templated carbons – Insight from solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","authors":"Thibaud Aumond , Raju Nanda , Alexander Sachse , Dorothea Wisser","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zeolite-templated carbons (ZTCs) combine unparalleled textural properties and high electric conductivity, making them promising candidates in energy applications, such as electrodes in batteries and in fuel cells or as catalyst supports. However, rather little is known about the formation mechanism of the carbon phase within the zeolite, its molecular interactions with the template zeolite and about the structure of the final carbon materials on a molecular level. Herein, we systematically examine the formation mechanism of <sup>13</sup>C-enriched ZTCs synthesized using two zeolites with <strong>FAU</strong> and <strong>EMT</strong> topologies by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. By variation of the synthesis time we observe intermediate stages of the carbon formation, suggesting that individual zeolite voids are initially filled with smaller carbon species that progressively grow into larger structures. Direct interaction between the protons of the zeolitic host and the nascent carbonaceous phase could not be evidenced. However, a closer examination of the zeolitic scaffolds revealed that the short-range structure of the zeolite is impacted during carbon formation, with distortions in bond angles and lengths induced by the guest phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113771"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingce Bi , Qingfeng Zhan , Yujing Chen , Zhiqiang Liang , Ningning Liu , Xia Zhang , Zhuopeng Wang , Yide Han
{"title":"Dynamic switch of CTAB as the sole template for the synthesis hierarchically porous ZSM-5 through a straightforward conventional static hydrothermal method","authors":"Jingce Bi , Qingfeng Zhan , Yujing Chen , Zhiqiang Liang , Ningning Liu , Xia Zhang , Zhuopeng Wang , Yide Han","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At present, the construction of hierarchically porous ZSM-5 molecular sieves using only cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the template represents a major challenge in the field of molecular sieve synthesis. In this work, hierarchically porous ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized via a straightforward conventional static hydrothermal method, employing CTAB as the sole template agent derived from CTAB-encapsulated silica sphere precursors. By controlling the dissolution rate of silica spheres, the release rate of CTAB is regulated, enabling the synthesis of pure-phase hierarchical porous ZSM-5 zeolite. The influences of alkalinity, aging time, Si/Al ratio, CTAB content and addition method, and crystallization time on the construction of hierarchically porous ZSM-5 molecular sieves were examined. The experimental results indicate that the crystallization process in this system proceeds in the order: MFI → MFI + kenyaite → MFI + quartz. Additionally, by managing the crystallization process, we systematically examined the formation process of impurities and established the optimal conditions for synthesizing pure-phase hierarchically porous ZSM-5 molecular sieves in this system. Moreover, the as-prepared hierarchically porous ZSM-5 molecular sieves demonstrated enhanced selectivity towards light olefins in the MTP reaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accelerated synthesis of ferrierite nanoneedles via the ETL seed-assisted approach for catalytic ethanol dehydration","authors":"Narasiri Maineawklang, Warot Prasanseang, Krissanapat Yomthong, Ploychanok Iadrat, Chularat Wattanakit","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rational design of zeolite nanostructures at the molecular level significantly impacts their properties and catalytic performances in various reactions, especially alcohols-to-hydrocarbons. However, most synthesis methods involve complex and time-consuming processes. To address these challenges, developing a new synthesis method to obtain hierarchical zeolites <em>via</em> an integrated one-step and rapid synthesis approach could be a promising research contribution. Herein, we report that the crystallization of hierarchical FER zeolite can be effectively accelerated <em>via</em> the ETL zeolite seed-assisted approach, resulting in a decrease of synthesis time. This behavior can be explained by the fact that both FER and ETL zeolites contain similar main building units, namely <em>mor</em>, which can assist the formation of FER when using ETL as seeds. As a result, the FER framework can be directly constructed from the building units of the ETL seed. In addition, the nanorod-like structure of ETL seeds can affect the target FER morphology, eventually forming hierarchical nanoneedle features. The catalytic activities of the synthesized hierarchical FER with a nanoneedle shape were also systematically investigated in ethanol dehydration, demonstrating the advantages of the designed materials compared to the conventional one.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113769"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oleg V. Golubev, Pavel S. Il'chuk, Anton L. Maximov
{"title":"Oxygen-promoted plasma-catalytic dry methane reforming over mesoporous catalysts for oxygenate production","authors":"Oleg V. Golubev, Pavel S. Il'chuk, Anton L. Maximov","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasma-catalytic dry methane reforming is an advanced approach for converting methane and carbon dioxide into syngas, hydrocarbons and liquid oxygenates, offering a sustainable pathway for greenhouse gas utilization. Plasma is used to trigger chemical reactions at relatively low temperatures, making it more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly compared to traditional high-temperature methods. In present work, a plasma-driven process of dry methane reforming was performed in dielectric barrier discharge reactor filled with mesoporous catalysts. The catalysts based on mesoporous materials MCM-41, SBA-15 and MCF were synthesized and characterized by the various physico-chemical methods. These catalysts were selected for their high surface area and tailored pore structure, which may assist in enhancing plasma-catalyst interactions, improving conversion efficiency, and promoting selectivity toward desired products. It was shown that Ni-based catalysts mainly promoted syngas and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub> formation, whereas Cu-based catalysts favored in liquid oxygenate yield enhancement. Cu-containing catalyst based on mesoporous MCF material has shown better CO<sub>2</sub> conversion due to open wide mesopores. The oxygen addition to the CH<sub>4</sub>/CO<sub>2</sub> mixture was studied. It was revealed that both gaseous products and oxygenate yields were enhanced in presence of O<sub>2</sub>. Methanol yield was increased due to parallel reactions of dry methane reforming and partial methane oxidation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113767"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyeyeon Cho , Minjeong Kang , Jungju Ryu , Jaeyong Kim , Daewon Sohn
{"title":"Hydrogen gas adsorption capacity of halloysite nanotubes loaded with metal-organic frameworks","authors":"Hyeyeon Cho , Minjeong Kang , Jungju Ryu , Jaeyong Kim , Daewon Sohn","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Halloysite is a natural, eco-friendly, material abundant that has different charges inside and outside of its structural tubular nanoparticles. The adsorption performance of the material was improved by modifying halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to prepare a nanocomposite. Metal-organic frameworks (MOF: HKUST-1) as gas adsorbents were loaded inside the halloysite to produce the composite. An etching process using sulfuric acid was performed to increase the loading efficiency by expanding the inner space of the halloysite to effectively load precursor solution; the resulting material was known as etched HNTs (EHNTs). Structural analysis was performed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), and morphological analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the hydrogen and nitrogen adsorption capacities were measured using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equipment. The results confirmed improved adsorption capacity of both N<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> by HKUST-1@EHNT(5M) compared to that of HKUST-1@EHNT(1M). Etching at high concentrations allowed a larger inner space and load amount of HKUST-1. This study presented the possibility of synthesizing various hybrid materials using nanotubes, and we expect that the halloysite nanocomposite synthesis process can be used in gas adsorption applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113764"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanyi Zhao , Ning Chen , Yunxi Huang , Ce Xing , Xiaolong Luo , Yongfeng Zhi , He Li , Yuwei Zhang
{"title":"Highly porous and chemically stable covalent organic frameworks with designable vertex skeletons for enhanced gas capture","authors":"Wanyi Zhao , Ning Chen , Yunxi Huang , Ce Xing , Xiaolong Luo , Yongfeng Zhi , He Li , Yuwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent a class of porous crystalline materials distinguished by their exceptionally high surface areas and well-defined ordered structures. Constructed from organic molecules interconnected through covalent bonds, COFs possess precisely tunable pore sizes, shapes, and functional groups, making them highly versatile candidates for gas capture applications. In this study, two vertex units were designed and incorporated into imine-based COF frameworks to construct highly conjugated structures, achieving exceptional porosity with a BET surface area of up to 1810 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Moreover, the synthesized COFs demonstrate remarkable chemical stability under extreme acidic and basic conditions. Notably, the resulting TB-COFs exhibit exceptional propane uptake of 197.2 cm<sup>3</sup>/g and iodine adsorption capacity of 5.6 g/g, positioning them among the top-performing COFs reported to date. These outstanding adsorption performances are attributed primarily to the large accessible surface area and strong affinity between the COF frameworks and iodine molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113766"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huimin Zheng , Jingyu Zhang , Yinan Liu , Shenfei Bai , Jing Ji , Shilin Tian , Zheyuan Tang
{"title":"The art of adsorption in Moisture: Improving operational conditions for selective formaldehyde adsorption in ZSM-5 zeolite","authors":"Huimin Zheng , Jingyu Zhang , Yinan Liu , Shenfei Bai , Jing Ji , Shilin Tian , Zheyuan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Formaldehyde, a pervasive and hazardous indoor pollutant, demands efficient adsorption-based removal. Molecular simulations of ZSM-5 zeolite, a multifunctional substrate for photocatalytic and adsorbent applications, provide critical insights into its capture mechanisms. Here, Monte Carlo simulations are employed to investigate the competitive adsorption of formaldehyde and water in all-silica ZSM-5 zeolites under varying temperatures and molecular loadings. At low loading, water preferentially occupies the straight channels, while increasing loading shifts dominance to formaldehyde in these regions, with water migrating toward zigzag pores. Elevated temperatures weaken hydrogen bonding among water molecules, promoting more stable formaldehyde adsorption. A transition is observed around 128 molecules/supercell, indicating the formation of HCHO-H<sub>2</sub>O cooperative clusters. Surface modification can further enhance formaldehyde selectivity. These findings highlight the critical roles of geometric confinement and intermolecular interactions in co-adsorption, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing ZSM-5-based indoor formaldehyde removal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113765"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Neff, Jee-Yee Chen, Ryan Burrows, Nicholas A. Brunelli
{"title":"Investigating cooperative interactions for the nitroaldol reaction and condensation: Clarifying the impact of microporosity and pore size on catalytic activity of mesoporous aminosilica materials","authors":"Paul Neff, Jee-Yee Chen, Ryan Burrows, Nicholas A. Brunelli","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mesoporous aminosilica materials are active and selective heterogeneous catalysts for the nitroaldol reaction and have many physical and structural characteristics that can be tuned to desired effects. Previous work investigated the impact of tuning pore diameter on catalytic activity in the nitroaldol reaction and observed the highest activity with an MCM-41 support containing pores with an average diameter of 4.5 nm. Our understanding now suggests that these results may have been influenced by differences in microporosity between materials, undermining a comparison between non-microporous MCM-41 and SBA-15 that is known to have micropores. In this work, we introduce a line of SBA-15 supports with negligible microporosity and varied pore diameter. Compared to typical syntheses of SBA-15, these materials show increased catalytic activity as a result of decreased microporosity. Interestingly, a material with a pore diameter of 7.1 nm yields the highest activity among SBA-15-type materials with reduced micropore volume. This is similar to the catalytic activity recorded with an MCM-41 material, suggesting that perceived effects of pore diameter are less important than effects of microporosity. Since SBA-15 is more hydrothermally stable than MCM-41, the ability to use it as a suitable alternative for the nitroaldol reaction when microporosity is reduced is encouraging for future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113762"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent progress in the green synthesis of zeolite membranes","authors":"Liangqing Li , Jiajia Li , Liangsong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zeolite membranes have attracted much attention due to their regular and uniform pore structure and good thermal stability, and have attracted much attention in application fields such as gas separation and solvent dehydration. The traditional hydrothermal synthesis of zeolite membranes usually requires a large amount of synthesis solution or gel, relies on expensive and potentially dangerous organic structure directing agents (OSDAs), and involves a long crystallization time and high operating pressure. These factors lead to large resource consumption, significant chemical waste, and pose environmental and safety hazards. In recent years, with the growing interest in developing green and sustainable zeolite membrane synthesis routes to overcome these limitations, it has gradually become a research hotspot in this field. This review summarizes and discusses recent advances in the green synthesis of zeolite membranes from several aspects, including reduced quantity of synthesis solutions or gels, OSDA-free synthesis, low-cost and biodegradable OSDA-assisted synthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis, and ionothermal synthesis and outlines future development prospects in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113761"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuhan Song , Xiaolong Zheng , Xiaoyu Liu , Jiyue Ding , Ruike Gao , Jianyang Gao , Zilin Meng
{"title":"Tetracycline adsorption on carbon-based adsorbents: Insights into dimensional and chemical effects","authors":"Shuhan Song , Xiaolong Zheng , Xiaoyu Liu , Jiyue Ding , Ruike Gao , Jianyang Gao , Zilin Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically investigates the adsorption mechanism of tetracycline (TC) by three carbonaceous materials-carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and activated carbon (AC). Using comprehensive characterization (SEM, BET, FT-IR, and Raman), structural and chemical differences among the materials were revealed. Kinetic analysis shows the adsorption process follows the intraparticle diffusion model and pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating adsorption capacity is governed by effective site accessibility and TC mass transfer. Thermodynamic studies demonstrate varying average site energies with temperature, with isothermal data described by the Generalized Langmuir model, highlighting adsorption site selectivity in the carbon matrix. Site energy distribution theory reveals high-energy sites exhibit superior efficiency and stronger adsorption affinity for TC. XPS analysis confirms oxygen-containing functional groups dominate TC adsorption mediation. This study proposes the site energy distribution theory, which provides important insights into the structure-activity relationship of carbon adsorbents and facilitates the analysis of complex adsorption processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":392,"journal":{"name":"Microporous and Mesoporous Materials","volume":"397 ","pages":"Article 113757"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}