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Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support for Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock. 急性心肌梗死心源性休克的临时机械循环支持。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1654
Saliha Erdem, Dhruvil Ashishkumar Patel, Karl Abou Zeid, Joe Aoun
{"title":"Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support for Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock.","authors":"Saliha Erdem, Dhruvil Ashishkumar Patel, Karl Abou Zeid, Joe Aoun","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1654","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a critical clinical challenge associated with high morbidity and mortality. Temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) devices can stabilize hemodynamics, improve cardiac output, and enhance survival, thereby continuing to be more favorable with operators. This review summarizes the pathophysiology of AMI-CS and examines the evidence informing recommendations for tMCS device implementation-specifically the intra-aortic balloon pump, Impella (Abiomed/J&J MedTech), TandemHeart™ (LivaNova, Inc.), and venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-with a particular focus on clinical trial data and recent guideline recommendations to assist operators in implementing decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"14-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic Risk Score Enables a Vaccine for Early Primary Prevention of CAD. 遗传风险评分为CAD的早期一级预防提供了疫苗。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1617
Robert Roberts
{"title":"Genetic Risk Score Enables a Vaccine for Early Primary Prevention of CAD.","authors":"Robert Roberts","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1617","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early primary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited by lack of biomarkers to detect CAD risk among young asymptomatic individuals. Although early prevention is more effective than secondary interventions, conventional risk factors such as hypertension usually do not appear until the fifth or sixth decade of life. Conversely, genetic risk, which accounts for 50% of all CAD risk, is randomly distributed at conception and does not change with age; therefore, it can be determined any time after birth using a genetic polygenic risk score (PRS). Genetic risk is markedly modified by lifestyle changes and, specifically, lowering levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). CAD risk depends on the concentration and duration of exposure to plasma LDL, which is estimated by the product of age times LDL (mg-years). The minimum threshold for a myocardial infarction (MI) in someone with a plasma LDL of 125 at age 40 is 5,000 mg-years. The goal of primary prevention is to delay reaching the minimal clinical threshold as long as possible. This review makes the case for a long-acting, lipid-lowering drug, administered annually starting at age 30, that could delay the threshold for MI until age 100.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"101-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coronary Artery Disease: Contemporary Insights Across Physiology, Imaging, and Innovation. 冠状动脉疾病：跨越生理学、成像和创新的当代见解。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1673
Nadeen N Faza, Joe Aoun Md
{"title":"Coronary Artery Disease: Contemporary Insights Across Physiology, Imaging, and Innovation.","authors":"Nadeen N Faza, Joe Aoun Md","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1673","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1673","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Drug-Coated Balloons for Coronary Interventions: A Focused Review. 冠脉介入治疗药物包被气球：重点综述。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1607
Akash H Patel, Mark W Abdelnour, Antonio H Frangieh
{"title":"Drug-Coated Balloons for Coronary Interventions: A Focused Review.","authors":"Akash H Patel, Mark W Abdelnour, Antonio H Frangieh","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1607","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of catheter-based interventions has revolutionized the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), from the first heart catheterization in 1929 to the emergence of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) as a treatment for in-stent restenosis (ISR). This review explores the evolution and clinical application of DCBs in CAD, with a particular focus on their role in managing ISR, de novo coronary disease, and complex lesions. DCBs deliver antiproliferative drugs such as paclitaxel or sirolimus to the vessel wall and have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional stent-based therapies, reducing the need for permanent metallic implants and associated thrombotic risks. Early research demonstrated the effectiveness of DCBs in ISR, and recent studies have expanded their application to small vessel disease, bifurcation lesions, and long diffuse lesions. Notably, DCBs have shown non-inferiority to drug-eluting stents in certain cases, including high-risk patients and those with complex coronary anatomy. Despite some challenges, such as the potential for coronary dissection and the need for optimal lesion preparation, DCBs have demonstrated strong potential in reducing restenosis and improving long-term outcomes in a variety of patient populations. While further studies are required to refine their use in off-label indications, DCBs may represent a versatile, effective, and safer approach in the management of CAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"37-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coronary Artery Anomalies in Review: Anomalous Origin, Aneurysms, and Fistulae. 冠状动脉异常综述：异常起源、动脉瘤和瘘管。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1613
Jack A Hoover, Keshika Catakam, Rachel E Wittenberg, Jordan P Bloom, Doreen DeFaria Yeh, Q Joyce Han, Ada C Stefanescu Schmidt
{"title":"Coronary Artery Anomalies in Review: Anomalous Origin, Aneurysms, and Fistulae.","authors":"Jack A Hoover, Keshika Catakam, Rachel E Wittenberg, Jordan P Bloom, Doreen DeFaria Yeh, Q Joyce Han, Ada C Stefanescu Schmidt","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1613","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery anomalies are rare congenital abnormalities involving abnormal coronary artery origin and incomplete/abnormal vessel development. These anomalies encompass a broad anatomical spectrum with varied clinical presentations ranging from sudden cardiac arrest in young athletes to incidental findings in asymptomatic adults. While more data on anatomy and clinical presentation has emerged in the last decade, management remains highly individualized, guided by clinical presentation, anatomical characteristics, and patient preferences. This review provides an overview of each anomaly and recent advances in imaging, surgical planning, and risk stratification. We also highlight the challenges in optimizing management strategies, addressing gaps in evidence, and achieving consensus to refine risk stratification tools and support clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"54-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
French Impressions. 法国的印象。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1662
Philip Alexander
{"title":"French Impressions.","authors":"Philip Alexander","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1662","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Philip Alexander, MD, is a native Texan, retired physician, and accomplished musician and artist. After 41 years as an internal medicine physician, Dr. Phil retired from his practice in College Station in 2016. A lifelong musician and former music professor, he often performs as an oboe soloist for the Brazos Valley Symphony Orchestra. He began exploring visual art in 1980, evolving from pencil sketches-including an official White House portrait of President Ronald Reagan-to the computer-generated drawings featured in this journal. His images, which first appeared in this journal in the spring of 2012, are his own original creations. If you would like to see your art published in the <i>Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal</i>, submit your creation online at journal.houstonmethodist.org as a \"Humanities\" entry.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"133-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How Different is Invasive Coronary Physiology in the Left Anterior Descending Artery? 左前降支有创冠状动脉生理有何不同？
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1606
Nils P Johnson, K Lance Gould
{"title":"How Different is Invasive Coronary Physiology in the Left Anterior Descending Artery?","authors":"Nils P Johnson, K Lance Gould","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1606","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the large amount of myocardium supplied by the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, it understandably receives additional scrutiny during coronary angiography. However, these same features make the interpretation of pressure wire physiology more nuanced to avoid overtreatment. This review provides case examples to underpin an extensive literature review supporting the argument that a \"positive\" fractional flow reserve (FFR) in the LAD needs to be approached with caution. A large hyperemic gradient, or low FFR, can arise from either a severe and focal lesion in conjunction with low flow or diffuse disease coupled with intact or normal flow. Separating these two scenarios, and the wide continuum between them, ultimately requires upstream assessment of absolute myocardial perfusion, although a pressure wire pullback can help identify diffuse patterns unsuitable for revascularization.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"4-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence and Practical Implications. 血管内超声成像引导的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗：证据和实际意义。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1611
Safi U Khan, Neal S Kleiman, Alpesh R Shah
{"title":"Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Evidence and Practical Implications.","authors":"Safi U Khan, Neal S Kleiman, Alpesh R Shah","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1611","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has significantly advanced the field of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), offering enhanced visualization and assessment capabilities that surpass traditional angiography. IVUS technology generates images from reflected ultrasound waves, providing critical insights into plaque characteristics, vessel size, and lesion morphology. These capabilities facilitate precise stent placement, optimal sizing, and the identification of features associated with stent failure, such as underexpansion and malapposition. Studies have demonstrated that IVUS-guided PCI significantly reduces major adverse cardiovascular events and improves long-term outcomes, particularly in complex lesions. This comprehensive review outlines the technical nuances, evidence, and clinical applications of IVUS.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Population-Level Gaps in Coronary Artery Disease Care: A Focused Review. 冠状动脉疾病护理的人群水平差距：一项重点综述
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-08-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1670
Aleesha Kainat, Asad R Natique, Anum Saeed
{"title":"Population-Level Gaps in Coronary Artery Disease Care: A Focused Review.","authors":"Aleesha Kainat, Asad R Natique, Anum Saeed","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1670","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite significant progress in the prevention and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), substantial disparities persist across racial subgroups. While traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes play a role, these differences are further influenced by variations in healthcare access, socioeconomic status, and environmental context. Minority populations remain underrepresented in research and clinical trials, which limits our understanding of these inequities. Focused efforts are needed to identify and act on opportunities that promote equity in cardiovascular care and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 4","pages":"76-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19 as Potential Cause of Aortic Valvulitis. COVID-19是主动脉瓣炎的潜在原因。
Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal Pub Date : 2025-06-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1499
Blair Warren, Aakash Patel, Suman Pasupuleti, Roshni Kotwani
{"title":"COVID-19 as Potential Cause of Aortic Valvulitis.","authors":"Blair Warren, Aakash Patel, Suman Pasupuleti, Roshni Kotwani","doi":"10.14797/mdcvj.1499","DOIUrl":"10.14797/mdcvj.1499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>About 25% of patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) experience cardiovascular complications, contributing to 40% of related deaths. Here we discuss a 69-year-old male with a history of congestive heart failure and preserved ejection fraction at New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II who presented with new dyspnea, cough, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. He was subsequently diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia, and while he initially recovered, he later showed worsening symptoms with progression to NYHA class IV. Follow-up echocardiogram revealed a decline in ejection fraction to 40% and severe aortic insufficiency. He underwent surgical aortic valve replacement, resolving his symptoms. This case highlights COVID-19's potential to cause rapid progression of valvular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":39207,"journal":{"name":"Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"68-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12180435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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