Xiao-Dong Sun , Min Zhang , Huan Liang , Shuo Zhang , Peng-Jiao Wang , Xiu-Li Gao
{"title":"Geographical origin identification of cinnamon using HPLC-DAD fingerprints and chemometrics","authors":"Xiao-Dong Sun , Min Zhang , Huan Liang , Shuo Zhang , Peng-Jiao Wang , Xiu-Li Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The commercial value of cinnamon depends largely on its geographical origin. This study proposed high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) fingerprints combined with chemometrics to identify geographical origins of cinnamons. Alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) algorithm was applied to extract meaningful chemical information from the HPLC fingerprint data. Then, non-targeted HPLC fingerprints and chemical component information were used as chemical descriptors to distinguish geographical origins using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)/N-way partial least squares-discriminant analysis (NPLS-DA). Satisfactory classification results were acquired for each discriminant model and the correct classification rates (CCRs) of training and test sets were 100%. Moreover, four characteristic variables were screened by variable importance in projection (VIP) method, three of which were reasonably identified as cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde and 2-methoxycinnamaldehyde, which can be regarded as potential markers to distinguish cinnamon from different geographical origins. The results indicated that HPLC-DAD fingerprints combined with chemometrics can be a promising means to identify the geographical origins and screen potential markers of cinnamon samples, especially in the absence of high-cost and sophisticated analytical instrumentals (e.g., high-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy). This work can help to prevent cinnamon fraud practices and maintain the normal order of the cinnamon market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polyphenolic profiling of coffee beverages by Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution mass Spectrometry for classification and characterization","authors":"Nerea Núñez , Javier Saurina , Oscar Núñez","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The importance of monitoring the presence of bioactive compounds as food attributes for sample classification and characterization is increasing. In this study, targeted Liquid Chromatography coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was employed to analyze the chemical profile of polyphenolic compounds as the source of information for the characterization and classification of 306 commercial coffee samples. Coffee holds a distinguished position as one of the most widely popular beverages globally but also one of the most easily adulterated. Regrettably, in recent times, instances of coffee adulteration have been on the rise. Consequently, implementing rigorous quality control measures for coffee becomes imperative to guarantee its quality. The results obtained in this work confirm that the proposed chemical profiles serve as excellent descriptors for sample characterization and classification through the implementation of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), achieving classification rates higher than 83.3% in PLS-DA validation. Moreover, the proposed LC-HRMS polyphenolic approach was employed to identify and measure adulteration levels in coffee samples using partial least squares (PLS) regression with prediction errors below 7.8%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111770"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Zhang , Qianyue Jia , Yuewu Shi , Zhiying Gao , Amr Amin , Yingqiu Xie , Yong Li
{"title":"Highly sensitive detection of RNase H via a novel DNA/RNA heteroduplex combining isothermal exponential amplification strategy","authors":"Xin Zhang , Qianyue Jia , Yuewu Shi , Zhiying Gao , Amr Amin , Yingqiu Xie , Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ribonuclease H (RNase H) plays a crucial role in a variety of cellular processes and is emerging as an essential therapeutic target for many diseases. Various methods have been constructed to assay RNase H activity, but these methods are either time-consuming or have poor sensitivity. In this study, we developed a novel strategy that combined a specially designed DNA/RNA chimeric substrate with exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) for rapid and sensitive detection of RNase H activity. In the presence of RNase H, the RNA strand of the DNA/RNA heteroduplex was specifically degraded, forming a 3′-hydroxyl group in the locking primer for recognition and extension by DNA polymerase. This ultimately triggered EXPAR and produced a large number of single-stranded DNA, which was monitored in real-time with fluorescent dye. Under optimized conditions, the proposed strategy can detect as low as 6 × 10<sup>−10</sup> U/μL of RNase H, which was at least 1000 times more sensitive than several reported methods. Furthermore, we demonstrated the usage of this method for RNase H inhibitor analysis and practical application in complex biological samples, including serum and tumor cell extracts. Therefore, these results suggested that the developed method is a promising tool for highly sensitive detection of RNase H and RNase H-associated disease diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111756"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142317843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helí Potes-Rodríguez , Juan Manuel Marchante-Gayón , Pablo Rodríguez-González , Ana V. Filgueiras , Lucia Viñas , Begoña Pérez-Fernández , Rubén Moreno-González , Cristina López-Galindo , Juan Antonio Campillo González , J. Ignacio García Alonso
{"title":"Isotope dilution gas chromatography coupled to electron ionization and tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of butyltin compounds in the Spanish coastal marine sediments","authors":"Helí Potes-Rodríguez , Juan Manuel Marchante-Gayón , Pablo Rodríguez-González , Ana V. Filgueiras , Lucia Viñas , Begoña Pérez-Fernández , Rubén Moreno-González , Cristina López-Galindo , Juan Antonio Campillo González , J. Ignacio García Alonso","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of organotin compounds, especially tributyltin (TBT), on ships as anti-fouling agent was banned in 1999 by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) due to their risk for the marine environment. Unfortunately, butylated organotin compounds have remained in the environment due to their high stability, accumulating in marine sediments. Current European legislation requires the continuous monitoring of the levels of organotin compounds in coastal marine sediments. Therefore, the aim of this work was the development and application of a fast and reliable analytical methodology that could be easily implemented for a routine basis to quantify the levels of TBT and its degradation products dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT) in marine sediments at the low ng/g levels dry weight (d.w.). The technique chosen was Gas Chromatography coupled to electron ionization and tandem Mass Spectrometry after ethylation of the organotin compounds. Extraction of the organotin compounds from the sediment was carried out by 1:3 mixture of methanol and acetic acid. Quantification was carried out by Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry (IDMS) using <sup>119</sup>Sn-labelled compounds. The detection limits which can be reached for TBT, DBT and MBT were 0.3, 0.3 and 0.1 ng·g<sup>−1</sup> d.w. respectively. Validation was carried out with three reference materials (BCR-462, BCR-646 and PACS-2) with satisfactory results. Relative standard deviations were, in all cases, less than 5 % for all compounds. The method was applied to the first monitorization of 87 coastal marine sediments covering the whole Spanish maritime waters. TBT was identified in 13 % of the samples analyzed in the Mediterranean Sea and in 6 % of the samples from the Atlantic Ocean. The implication of the results for coastal monitoring is also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111753"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluorescent-based bile acid triazole-phenothiazine derivatives: Multiphase detection of biogenic amines and application in spoiled foods","authors":"Dipakkumar Bariya, Satyendra Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amines are ubiquitous in biological world, yet are toxic and harmful in nature. To preserve the quality and safety of these packaged meals, it’s critical to identify biogenic amines that are emitted from spoiled meat, fish, or dairy products. To this endeavour, herein we report bile acid based triazole derivative with phenothiazine that are capable of sensing various amines by rapid change of fluorescence colour or intensity. The triazole derivatives exhibit a multiphase sensing platform by effectively sensing amine vapours or solutions in both solid and solution phases. Probes in the vapour state exhibit very quick interaction to primary amines (26 s for CTPTZ) and strong sensitivity to putrescine, which is a common example of biogenic amines (BAs). We have employed our unique sensing triazole derivative as a spoilage indication for meat. It detects biogenic amines from spoiled food and produces an optical response. Significant changes in both visual and luminescent were noted within 4–18 h of packaging at room temperature (∼25 °C). The rapid response that biogenic amines provide to these molecular sensors makes them highly promising for applications in the food packaging industry, medical diagnostics, and other sensory devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the pyrolytic degradation of seventeen phthalate esters using the non-targeted regions of interest-multivariate curve resolution (ROIMCR) chemometric method","authors":"Ana Torres-Agullo, Romà Tauler, Silvia Lacorte","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global use of phthalate esters (PAEs) in plastic production entails a need for developing effective remediation strategies to minimize exposure and health risks. In this study, pyrolysis degradation processes are evaluated for 17 different PAEs that were analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC-Orbitrap-MS) at different temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, 800 °C) both in electron ionization (EI) and positive chemical ionization (PCI) mode. All the analytical data generated have been processed with the Regions of Interest Multivariate Curve Resolution (ROIMCR) chemometrics method. A preliminary selection of the Mass Spectrometry Regions of Interest (ROIs) coupled to a bilinear factor decomposition method (MCR-ALS) allowed the identification of 4 principal components, which were used to define the thermal degradation process. ROIMCR method is a powerful tool for non-targeted analysis which allows the resolution of the elution and spectral profiles of the different constituents present in the analyzed samples, which were confirmed using PCI. Moreover, ROIMCR was used to resolve and identify the different products generated during the studied degradation processes. As a result, 10 new thermal degradation products were identified in the analysis of the different sample sets. Finally, the degradation efficiencies higher than 99.8 % were obtained for all the PAEs at 800 °C, except for benzoic acid-benzyl ester, whose removal efficiency decreased to 94.8 %. As phthalates are widespread and toxic compounds for the environment and for humans, there is a need for new remediation technologies. This study provides new knowledge to understand their elimination through thermal processes. We combine mass spectrometric data with powerful chemometric processing to determine the removal efficiency, to understand the degradation process and to identify the degradation compounds formed through thermal decomposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pawan Kumar Sada , Amanpreet Kaur Jassal , Amit Bar , Prabhat Kumar , S. Srikrishna , Sumit Kumar , Alok Kumar Singh , Youngil Lee , Laxman Singh , Abhishek Rai
{"title":"Development of a new rhodamine 6G based probe and its application as an optical sensor of Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions: A comprehensive experimental and Theoretical studies","authors":"Pawan Kumar Sada , Amanpreet Kaur Jassal , Amit Bar , Prabhat Kumar , S. Srikrishna , Sumit Kumar , Alok Kumar Singh , Youngil Lee , Laxman Singh , Abhishek Rai","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new rhodamine appended probe 3-allyl salicylaldehyde rhodamine hydrazone (<strong>RGAL</strong>) has been synthesized and thoroughly characterized using various spectroscopic techniques, as well as single crystal XRD. The optical properties of <strong>RGAL</strong> were investigated in 10 mM HEPES buffer in H<sub>2</sub>O:CH<sub>3</sub>CN (2:8, v/v, pH=7.2) in the presence of various cations. <strong>RGAL</strong> showed selectivity and sensitivity towards Cu<sup>2+</sup> during absorption process and “turn on” behavior towards Fe<sup>3+</sup> during emission study owing to the opening of a spirolactum ring. The detection limits for Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions using <strong>RGAL</strong> were determined to be 6.15 ppm and 4.75 ppm, respectively. The binding constant of <strong>RGAL</strong> with Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions was found to be 1.20 × 10<sup>4</sup> M<sup>−1</sup> and 1.71 × 10<sup>4</sup> M<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Hirshfeld surface and fingerprint analysis of <strong>RGAL</strong> provides the in-depth analysis of pairwise interaction between two atoms. Furthermore, the topological analysis of <strong>RGAL</strong> is performed using NCI, AIM, ELF and LOL analysis. The analysis provides information about O78-H79…N71 and C40-H41…O77 hydrogen bonding interactions in the<!--> <!-->monomer of <strong>RGAL</strong> whereas various inter- and intra- molecular interactions give strength to the dimer pattern of <strong>RGAL</strong>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin-Li Song , Fei-Yan He , Yu-Qing Liu , Ke-Chao Liao , Dong-Dong Wang , Xue-Shan Wang , Hui Lv , Ting-Ting Sun , Jing-Long Wang , Li-Hua Zhang , Han Zhang , Yue Chen
{"title":"Application of 3D structure of carbon nanotube-interwoven metal–organic frameworks in solid-phase microextraction of trace polychlorinated biphenyls from tea beverages","authors":"Xin-Li Song , Fei-Yan He , Yu-Qing Liu , Ke-Chao Liao , Dong-Dong Wang , Xue-Shan Wang , Hui Lv , Ting-Ting Sun , Jing-Long Wang , Li-Hua Zhang , Han Zhang , Yue Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A three-dimensional (3D) structure of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) interwoven metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) was synthesized. The MWCNTs was utilized to bridge the neighboring MOF nanocrystals. The hybrid material MOFs/MWCNTs was used for SPME coating to extract six PCB<sub>S</sub> in tea beverages samples by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. MOFs/MWCNTs coating materials were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption analysis. The response surface method was utilized to systematically optimize the main extraction factors. Under the optimized conditions, the developed method demonstrated wide linear ranges (0.01–1000 ng·L<sup>−1</sup>), low limits of detection (0.003–0.009 ng·L<sup>−1</sup>) and high enrichment factors (701–2361) for extracting and determining six PCB<sub>S</sub>. The six PCB<sub>S</sub> concentration in environmental tea beverages samples was detected with this method. These results display that MOFs/MWCNTs hybrid materials are potential sorbents in the SPME of PCB<sub>S</sub> in environmental tea beverages samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Olga V. Shuvaeva , Ivan A. Bekesha , Dmitrii Yu. Troitskii
{"title":"New advances in the enhancement of direct mercury speciation in solid matter on the example of HgCl, CH3HgCl, HgS and HgSO4 using programmable thermal release in combination with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry","authors":"Olga V. Shuvaeva , Ivan A. Bekesha , Dmitrii Yu. Troitskii","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mercury is considering as hazardous pollutant presented as a number of various species characterized by different migration routes, bioavailability and toxicity. In this regard, the characterization of natural and a fortiori anthropogenic environment by the concentration of various chemical forms of mercury is relevant to assess the degree of its impact on living organisms. From this point of view, solid samples are the most problematic ones due to the need for preliminary extraction of analytes into solution. The promising approach for this purpose is analysis based on a combination of thermal release as separation way with sequential electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric detection (TR-ETA-AAS). The present work is based on research of the thermal behavior of individual mercury species in argon atmosphere when the evaporation and atomization zones are separated and a programmable heating algorithm is implemented. To unify an analytical procedure the dilution of reference and analyzed samples with aluminum oxide was applied. The developed method allows determination of the species most often found in natural and contaminated environments: mercury (II) chloride, methylmercury chloride, mercury sulfide and sulphate at the level of 0.003–0.030 µg with a reproducibility of 10–25 %,. The trueness of the proposed approach has been confirmed using certified reference material ERM CE464 and spiking method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111755"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Qian , Lanlan Xu , Xianhua Che , Fang Liu , Xuezheng Li
{"title":"UHPLC method for simultaneous assessment of pharmacokinetic parameters of co-administered voriconazole and omeprazole using rat plasma","authors":"Qing Qian , Lanlan Xu , Xianhua Che , Fang Liu , Xuezheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microc.2024.111729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Voriconazole (VRC) is a first-line therapeutic agent for the treatment of invasive fungal infections, whereas omeprazole (OMZ) is a commonly used acid suppressant; however, the two drugs are often used in combination in clinical practice. The aim of this research was to investigate how the co-administration of OMZ and VRC affects the pharmacokinetic characteristics of VRC in rats. A new ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analytical method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of co-administered drugs using VRC and OMZ. A Shim-pack GIST-HP C18 column with 0.1 M triethylamine:acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) as the mobile phase (flow rate: 0.3 mL/min) was used, and UV detection was performed at 240 nm. Liquid–liquid extraction of plasma samples was carried out using dichloromethane. The bioanalytical method was linear over a range of VRC concentrations (100–2000 ng/mL) and OMZ (50–10,000 ng/mL) concentrations, and exhibited both accuracy and precision within the acceptable respective ranges. The average extraction recoveries for VRC and OMZ in plasma were 94.88 % and 82.76 %, respectively. Additionally, the method was successfully applied <em>in vivo</em> to estimate the pharmacokinetic features of VRC in the plasma of rats receiving gavage with low and high doses of OMZ. In conclusion, using a new UHPLC method, we determined that co-administration of OMZ substantially decreased the bioavailability of VRC in rats. Potentially significant drug interactions should be considered in patients receiving the combination of OMZ and VRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":391,"journal":{"name":"Microchemical Journal","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 111729"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}