East Asian Archives of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Atypical Presentations of Childhood Simple Partial Seizures: a Case Series.","authors":"R Saha,&nbsp;A Yadav,&nbsp;P Verma,&nbsp;M K Srivastava","doi":"10.12809/eaap2306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood epilepsy can masquerade as a variety of psychiatric disorders or behavioural abnormalities. Differentiating between simple partial seizure and psychiatric disorders remains a challenge. We report on three children with simple partial seizure, each presented atypically with migraine, tingling sensations, and/or crying spells. When dealing with atypical symptomatology, clinicians should utilise a multidirectional, rather than unidirectional, diagnostic approach when making their diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 3","pages":"95-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41152351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosis Unmasking a Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Case Report.","authors":"S Kumari,&nbsp;S Nath,&nbsp;V L Narasimha,&nbsp;M Sarkar,&nbsp;R Kumar","doi":"10.12809/eaap2316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organs. Neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) can manifest with a multitude of neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Psychosis is a rare NPSLE manifestation that can occur at any phase of the illness; 21% of SLE-related psychosis cases occur at the onset of SLE, but the evidence base for this is lacking. We report a case of acute-onset psychosis in a woman that led to a diagnosis of SLE, which was substantiated by physical evaluation and laboratory assessments. Assessment of acute-onset psychosis requires consideration of all differential diagnoses, especially in the presence of atypical features. This case also underscores the importance of physical examination and laboratory investigations in psychosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 3","pages":"100-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41132719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reward System in Late-Life Depression: a Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study.","authors":"J S T Ngan,&nbsp;W C Chan,&nbsp;S T Wong,&nbsp;C S M Wong,&nbsp;C P W Cheng","doi":"10.12809/eaap2309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Anhedonia, commonly defined as a reduced ability to feel pleasure, is a core clinical symptom of late-life depression (LLD). Deficits in reward processing are hypothesised to be associated with anhedonia. We examined differences in reward sensitivity between patients with LLD and healthy controls and explored the associations between LLD-related symptomatology, global cognition, and the reward system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The reward responsiveness of 63 patients with LLD and 58 healthy controls aged ≥60 years was assessed using the probabilistic reward learning task with an asymmetric reward schedule.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with healthy controls, patients with LLD displayed lower response bias and reward learning. Global cognition of all participants was positively correlated with response bias. In patients with LLD, anhedonia severity explained impaired reward learning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A deficit in reward processing is implicated in patients with LLD. Our findings suggest that executive dysfunction and anhedonia contribute to lower sensitivity to reward learning in patients with LLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 2","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9750873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Community Treatment Orders Needed to Improve Community Mental Healthcare for People with Mental Illnesses?","authors":"S K W Chan,&nbsp;D Cheung","doi":"10.12809/eaap2332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2332","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 2","pages":"35-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9861873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Community Treatment Orders on Mental Health Service Usage, Emergency Visits, and Violence: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"E H Y Lam,&nbsp;E S K Lai,&nbsp;E C L Lai,&nbsp;E Lau,&nbsp;B W M Siu,&nbsp;D Y Y Tang,&nbsp;C C M Mok,&nbsp;M Lam","doi":"10.12809/eaap2246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Community treatment orders (CTOs) enable patients to actively engage in mental health services while being supervised in the community outside the hospital setting. However, the efficacy of CTOs remains controversial in terms of mental health services usage or service contacts, emergency visits, and violence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The databases PsychINFO, Embase, and Medline were searched on 11 March 2022 by 2 independent reviewers through the Covidence website (www.covidence.org). Randomised or non-randomised case-control studies and pre-post studies were included if they examine the effect of CTOs on service contacts, emergency visits, and violence in individuals with mental illnesses by comparing with control groups or pre-CTO conditions. Conflicts were resolved by consultation of the third independent reviewer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies provided sufficient data in the target outcome measures and were included in analysis. Variability in the risk of bias was high among studies. Meta-analyses were conducted separately for case-control studies and pre-post studies. For service contacts, a total of 11 studies with 66,192 patients reported changes in the number of service contacts under CTOs. In 6 case-control studies, a small non-significant increase in service contacts was observed in those under CTOs (Hedge's g = 0.241, z = 1.535, p = 0.13). In 5 pre-post studies, a large and significant increase in service contacts was noted after CTOs (Hedge's g = 0.830, z = 5.056, p < 0.001). For emergency visits, a total of 6 studies with 930 patients reported changes in the number of emergency visits under CTOs. In 2 case-control studies, a small non-significant increase in emergency visits was noted in those under CTOs (Hedge's g = -0.196, z = -1.567, p = 0.117). In 4 pre-post studies, a small significant decrease in emergency visits was noted after CTOs (Hedge's g = 0.553, z = 3.101, p = 0.002). For violence, a total of 2 pre-post studies reported a moderate significant reduction in violence after CTOs (Hedge's g = 0.482, z = 5.173, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Case-control studies showed inconclusive evidence, but pre-post studies showed significant effects of CTOs in promoting service contacts and reducing emergency visits and violence. Future studies on cost-effectiveness analysis and qualitative analysis for specific populations with various cultures and backgrounds are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 2","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9853013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Psychosis Symptoms of Clozapine Withdrawal: a Systematic Review.","authors":"B Yee,&nbsp;J C L Looi,&nbsp;M Agaciak,&nbsp;S Allison,&nbsp;S K W Chan,&nbsp;T Bastiampillai","doi":"10.12809/eaap2261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Clozapine is a potent antipsychotic medication with a complex receptor profile. It is reserved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. We systematically reviewed studies of non-psychosis symptoms of clozapine withdrawal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched using the keywords 'clozapine,' and 'withdrawal,' or 'supersensitivity,' 'cessation,' 'rebound,' or 'discontinuation'. Studies related to non-psychosis symptoms after clozapine withdrawal were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five original studies and 63 case reports / series were included in analysis. In 195 patients included in the five original studies, approximately 20% experienced non-psychosis symptoms following discontinuation of clozapine. In 89 patients in four of the studies, 27 experienced cholinergic rebound, 13 exhibited extrapyramidal symptoms (including tardive dyskinesia), and three had catatonia. In 63 case reports / series included, 72 patients with non-psychosis symptoms were reported, which were catatonia (n=30), dystonia or dyskinesia (n=17), cholinergic rebound (n=11), serotonin syndrome (n=4), mania (n=3), insomnia (n=3), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) [n=3, one of them had both catatonia and NMS], and de novo obsessive compulsive symptoms (n=2). Restarting clozapine appeared to be the most effective treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Non-psychosis symptoms following clozapine withdrawal have important clinical implications. Clinicians should be aware of the possible presentations of symptoms to ensure early recognition and management. Further research is warranted to better characterise the prevalence, risk factors, prognosis, and optimal drug dosing for each withdrawal symptom.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 2","pages":"44-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9748969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of Vietnamese Versions of the Clinician-Rated and Self-Reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and the Patient Health Questionnaire.","authors":"H N Y Phi,&nbsp;B X Manh,&nbsp;T A Ngoc,&nbsp;P T M Chau,&nbsp;T Q Tho,&nbsp;N T Nghia,&nbsp;T T Nghia,&nbsp;H H N Quynh,&nbsp;N T Huy,&nbsp;N T Linh,&nbsp;P L An","doi":"10.12809/eaap2258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the second-most prevalent mental health condition in Vietnam. This study aims to validate the Vietnamese versions of the self-reported and clinician-rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR and QIDS-C, respectively) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and to assess the correlations between the QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>506 participants with MDD (mean age, 46.3 years; 55.5% women) were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5. The internal consistency, diagnostic efficiency, and concurrent validity of the Vietnamese versions of QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 were determined using the Cronbach's alpha, receiver operating characteristic curve, and Pearson correlation coefficient, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Vietnamese versions of QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 demonstrated acceptable validity, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.901, 0.967, and 0.864, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 87.8% and 77.8% for QIDS-SR and 97.6% and 86.2% for QIDS-C at the cut-off score of 6, and were 82.9% and 70.1% for PHQ-9 at the cut-off score of 4. Cronbach's alphas for QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 were 0.709, 0.813, and 0.745, respectively. The PHQ-9 highly correlated with the QIDS-SR (r = 0.77, p < 0.001) and the QIDS-C (r = 0.75, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Vietnamese versions of the QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 are valid and reliable tools for screening of MDD in primary healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 2","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9781720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meaning in Life and Depression in Low-Income Families in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"E M Chen,&nbsp;B K K Chan,&nbsp;A T C Lee","doi":"10.12809/eaap2244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether meaning in life (MIL) was associated with a lower risk of depression in people from low-income families during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals from low-income families were recruited at a community centre during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. Levels of MIL were assessed using the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ). Severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Scores of ≥24 on the Presence of Meaning subscale (MLQ-P) and Search for Meaning subscale (MLQ-S) were considered high. A score of ≥10 on the PHQ-9 was indicative of clinical depression. Correlations between MLQ and PHQ-9 scores were examined, along with associations between presence of/search for meaning and risk of clinical depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 102 participants, 64 (62.7%) had clinical depression; 14 (13.7%) had both high presence of meaning and high search for meaning. The MLQ score was correlated with the PHQ-9 score (<i>r</i> = -0.56, p < 0.001). The adjusted risk ratio for depression was 0.31 (p = 0.006) in participants with both high presence of meaning and high search for meaning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among people with lower socioeconomic status, MIL may be important for protecting against depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9573598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"As-Required Filgrastim for Late-Onset Neutropenia Complicating Long-Term Clozapine Treatment: a Case Report.","authors":"K S W Chan,&nbsp;N B W Lai,&nbsp;M M C Wong,&nbsp;P F Pang","doi":"10.12809/eaap2233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clozapine is considered the most effective antipsychotic for schizophrenia, but it can cause neutropenia and even agranulocytosis. We describe the first case in Hong Kong involving the use of filgrastim, a recombinant form of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, to enable clozapine continuation therapy for a severely ill patient with treatment-resistant schizoaffective disorder who developed recurrent neutropenia after almost 20 years of continuous clozapine therapy. Therefore, clinical vigilance is important, regardless of clozapine treatment duration. Filgrastim can facilitate long-term clozapine therapy in patients with clozapine-induced neutropenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 1","pages":"28-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9573599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosis Related to Baclofen Withdrawal or Overdose: A Systematic Review.","authors":"P J J Phu,&nbsp;J C L Looi,&nbsp;P C Nair,&nbsp;S Allison,&nbsp;S K W Chan,&nbsp;T Bastiampillai","doi":"10.12809/eaap2237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12809/eaap2237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To systematically review case reports of psychosis related to withdrawal or overdose of baclofen, which is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) _B agonist.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsychINFO were searched to identify articles related to psychosis secondary to withdrawal or overdose of baclofen using the terms 'baclofen' and ' psychosis'. Comparisons were made between cases in terms of concomitant antipsychotic use, diagnosis of delirium, and evidence of association. Quality of case reports was assessed using the CARE Case Report Guidelines checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 34 patients from 28 case reports were reviewed. Twenty-three patients experienced psychosis upon baclofen withdrawal; among them, 18 had resolution of psychosis upon reinitiation of baclofen, whereas antipsychotic monotherapy was less successful (only four of eight patients responded). An additional baclofen withdrawal period led to recurrence of psychotic symptoms in four of seven patients. Eleven patients had psychosis on induction or after overdose of baclofen; among them, four patients had resolution of psychosis upon cessation of baclofen. The mean quality of the case reports was 6.4 of 13.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering its GABAergic agonism, along with evidence of psychosis on induction or withdrawal, baclofen may have some antipsychotic and pro-psychotic properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":39171,"journal":{"name":"East Asian Archives of Psychiatry","volume":"33 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9573596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}