Dementia e Neuropsychologia最新文献

{"title":"Multimodal magnetic resonance scans of patients with mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Yu Cui, Chenglong Liu, Ying Wang, Hongyan Xie","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advancement of neuroimaging technology offers a pivotal reference for the early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a significant area of focus in contemporary cognitive function research. Structural MRI scans present visual and quantitative manifestations of alterations in brain tissue, whereas functional MRI scans depict the metabolic and functional state of brain tissues from diverse perspectives. As various magnetic resonance techniques possess both strengths and constraints, this review examines the methodologies and outcomes of multimodal magnetic resonance technology in MCI diagnosis, laying the groundwork for subsequent diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for MCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10727029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote cognitive rehabilitation of attention: a case series pilot study with post-stroke patients.","authors":"Letícia Silva Dutra, Larissa Scoralich, Nadia Shigaeff","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive deficits are highly prevalent following a stroke, with memory, attention, and psychomotor speed being among the most affected functions. Prior research indicates that cognitive rehabilitation for stroke patients yields substantial improvements in cognitive performance and concurrently exerts a positive influence on reducing depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study was to provide a description and assessment of the influence of cognitive rehabilitation on the attentional performance and depressive symptoms of individuals diagnosed with stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants underwent a neuropsychological assessment both prior to and following a 15-week remote cognitive rehabilitation intervention. This intervention involved the implementation of various cognitive tasks aimed at rehabilitating attentional skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The outcomes of the individualized descriptive assessment revealed a no table inclination towards enhanced attentional performance. The comparative results indicated that the cognitive rehabilitation intervention for stroke patients proved effective in facilitating a substantial reduction in depressive symptoms and enhancing participants' alternating attention. While it is acknowledged that certain individuals may still exhibit deficiencies in various facets of attentional performance, cognitive rehabilitation contributed to the clinical amelioration of these individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical improvement holds profound significance in the day-to-day existence of these individuals, bolstering their autonomy and fortifying their sense of self-efficacy, as attested by their personal perceptions and self-reports.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10727026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in the long-term care setting: assessment of aged adults and intervention for caregivers.","authors":"Evelise Saia Rodolpho Duarte, Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the progressive need for care, older adults with dementia are at risk of becoming institutionalized. Caregivers of these patients are tasked with the challenge of controlling behavioral and psychological symptoms without sufficient knowledge and are therefore at greater risk of developing physical and mental health problems. In this context, psychoeducational interventions can help greatly toward improving caregiver well-being.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to investigate the prevalence of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in aged residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs), to determine the prevalence of burden and common mental disorders in caregivers, and to assess the effects of a psychoeducational intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>an intervention study was performed at LTCFs for aged people. The following instruments were used: Self-Reporting Questionnaire and Zarit Burden Interview for caregivers; and the MMSE, Katz Index, Clinical Dementia Rating scale and Neuropsychiatry Inventory-Questionnaire for older adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 72 aged residents assessed, 52 (72.2%) were female and mean age was 82.3 (±8.14) years. The most prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms were euphoria and elation (74%), followed by agitation and aggression (74%). Of the 54 caregivers, 49 (90.7%) were women and mean age was 33.9 (±10.8) years. Overall, 33.3% screened positive for common mental disorder and 36.1% for burden/overload. A statistically significant association was found between burden and working in philanthropic institutions (p=0.003) and also between burden and presence of common mental disorder or otherwise (p=0.001). After the psychoeducational intervention, 42.8% reported reduced burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The residents presented neuropsychiatric symptoms. Caregivers showed burden and common mental disorders, especially in philanthropic institutions. It was observed a reduction in burden of caregivers with psychoeducational intervention, showing the importance of this strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones in MCI and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Felipe Duarte-Zambrano, Jorge A Barrero, Ismena Mockus","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Underlying the neuropsychological manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation and subsequent hypercortisolemia have been proposed as major mechanisms driving AD progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to the onset of dementia. Nonetheless, changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of HPA axis hormones remain controversial despite their potential in AD diagnosis and prognosis testing.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to review the evidence of the variation in CSF levels of CRH, ACTH, and cortisol in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD compared with subjects without cognitive disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases on July 5, 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen observational studies were included. The results from the compiled investigations showed that individuals with AD exhibit a significant elevation of CSF cortisol levels which appear to correlate with the presence of the ApoE-ε4 allele, being higher in those homozygous for this allele. The variation of CSF CRH and ACTH levels in AD, on the other hand, is still inconclusive. Moreover, most studies found no significant difference in CSF cortisol levels in individuals with MCI compared to healthy subjects and patients with AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings gathered in this review disclose a significant elevation of CSF cortisol levels in AD. Future investigations are warranted to elucidate the potential use of CSF cortisol as a biomarker in AD-associated dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossed aphasia in a left-handed patient with non-fluent variant of primary progressive aphasia with left asymmetric brain SPECT.","authors":"Paulo Roberto de Brito-Marques, Janaina Mariana de Araujo Miranda Brito-Marques","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary progressive aphasia is a clinical syndrome caused by neurodegeneration of areas and neural networks involved in language, usually in the left hemisphere. The term \"crossed aphasia\" denotes an acquired language dysfunction caused by a lesion in the ipsilateral hemisphere to the dominant hand.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe a case of crossed aphasia in a 60-year-old left-handed patient with a non-fluent variant of primary progressive aphasia diagnosis (age of onset=52), evidenced by a left asymmetry on brain SPECT scan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical and family history, the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, Measurement of Functional Activities in Older Adults in the Community, the \"Mini-Mental State Examination\", the Trail Making Test, the Tower of London, and the Neuropsychological assessment for dementia, and neuroimaging studies were carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neuropsychological assessment showed severe cognitive impairment, especially regarding language. The magnetic resonance imaging showed important signs of cortico-subcortical atrophy, with predominance in the frontal and temporal lobes. The single-photon emission computed tomography scan showed moderate to severe hypoperfusion in the left cerebral hemisphere, including the hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We described a clinical case of crossed aphasia in a left-handed woman with a non-fluent variant of primary progressive aphasia with asymmetry on brain SPECT, mainly on the left, followed up for seven years.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20220095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of reading and watching fiction on the development of social cognition: a systematic review.","authors":"Júlia Ferreira Rezende, Nadia Shigaeff","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social cognition is an umbrella term used to address the set of neurocognitive processes involved in effective social interaction, such as Theory of Mind and empathy, and is important for understanding of others' intentions and actions and decision making. Narratives can serve as tools for learning social norms and understanding other people, as they involve mental simulations of social interactions. This review aimed to gather the results of current studies on the effects of reading and watching fiction movies on the development of social cognition. We included 16 publications, all of which were empirical studies. The results showed that, depending on individual factors, as well as on the specifics of the intervention, both reading and watching movies seem to influence the processes of development of social cognition, especially if associated with concomitant or subsequent activities, such as discussions. More research is needed to understand the specific details of this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who are the speech and language therapists who work with primary progressive aphasia in Brazil? An exploratory cross-sectional survey study.","authors":"Amanda Gorziza da Silva, Eduardo Kunz Beux, Gabriela Denicol Santos, Luísa Todeschini Englert, Márcia Lorena Fagundes Chaves, Brian Lawlor, Bárbara Costa Beber","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) is a progressive language disorder associated with frontotemporal impairment and mainly affects the left hemisphere of the brain. In general, this condition compromises abilities related to comprehension and expression of language. The diagnosis of PPA depends on in-depth knowledge regarding functions of language, neurology, and neuropsychology. Speech and language therapists (SLTs) have a pivotal role in the diagnosis and rehabilitation of PPA. The absence of these professionals involved in the diagnosis and rehabilitation may reflect on the quality of care of people with PPA.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the sociodemographic, educational, and professional practice characteristics of SLTs who work with people with PPA in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online questionnaire was disseminated to reach SLTs across Brazil. The questionnaire collected information regarding sociodemographics, training and education, practice (time, setting, service provision), and sources of referral.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 71 participants (95.8% women). Specialization was the most frequent educational level followed by master's degree, and participants where mainly from the Southeast and South regions of Brazil. Neurologists were the professionals who most referred patients with PPA to SLTs. Finally, SLTs worked primarily in homecare settings and provided mainly individual therapy services.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SLTs who work with PPA in Brazil can be characterized mainly as professionals with postgraduate degrees, relatively young, and from the South and Southeast regions of Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230016"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138802193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normalization of Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) in Chilean older people.","authors":"Consuelo Sepúlveda-Ibarra, Fernando Henríquez Chaparro, Anthony Marcotti, Guillermo Soto, Andrea Slachevsky","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) is a cognitive screening that evaluates older people with low educational levels. In Chile, there are no normative data to assess this population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To obtain normative data on RUDAS in older Chilean people with up to 12 years of schooling, and to determine whether age and schooling years influence a person's performance on RUDAS and on the items that constitute it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A group of cognitively healthy people 60 years old or over, with up to 12 schooling years was evaluated (n=135). Multiple regression models were applied to obtain normative data on RUDAS, according to age and schooling years, and to measure the effects of schooling on different items.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analysis showed that none of the items had schooling as a significant predictor, except for the visuoconstruction item. The variables age and schooling explained 12.6% (R^2=0.126) of the RUDAS total score variance. The item visuoconstruction was the most associated with the educational level (OR=1,147).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that RUDAS is a recommended instrument for evaluating older people with low educational levels. However, more studies are needed to prove the validity of the RUDAS on Chilean older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138801712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The presence of depressive symptoms and cognitive performance among older individuals with and without self-reported chronic diseases.","authors":"Thaís Bento Lima da Silva, Tiago Nascimento Ordonez, Guilherme Alves da Silva, Maria Antônia Antunes de Souza, Sabrina Aparecida da Silva, Gabriela Dos Santos, Beatriz Aparecida Ozello Gutierrez, Ana Paula Bagli Moreira, Laydiane Alves Costa, Luiz Carlos de Moraes, Patrícia Prata Lessa, Neide Pereira Cardoso, Mitsuru Sakaguchi, Henrique Salmazo da Silva, Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementias secondary to cardiovascular diseases are the second cause of neurogenerative diseases. These conditions can be prevented by controlling risk factors, and it is necessary to observe the relationship between chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to know the influence of chronic non-communicable diseases on cognition and depressive symptoms in the elderly, amid the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>578 older adults were evaluated using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian Telephone version of the Mini Mental State Examination (Braztel-MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and an open questionnaire related to NCDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the association of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) with age, depressive symptoms and schooling was confirmed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>no association with cognitive decline was evident due to the relationship of high schooling of participants and control of NCDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10695437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing older adults' satisfaction with caregivers' communication.","authors":"El Mahjoub El Harsi, Ouafa Izel, Abdelhafid Benksim, Mohamed Cherkaoui","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0069","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective communication skills are crucial for caregivers to provide quality care and meet the unique needs of patients of all ages. However, older patients have specific communication requirements, and their satisfaction depends on several factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the level of satisfaction among older adults in Marrakech, Morocco, regarding the communication skills of their caregivers, and to identify the factors influencing this satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study conducted between March and July 2022 among 204 people aged 60 years and older who presented to the Mouhamed VI University Hospital of Marrakech, Morocco, for various care services. The older adults' satisfaction with caregivers' communication was assessed by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) patient satisfaction questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were collected through interview and consultation of medical records. Multiple linear regression was used to determine potential factors influencing the total satisfaction score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total satisfaction score of older adults with caregiver' communication was 2.55±0.95 and the mean scores of the lowest subscales were answering questions, greeting and listening. Analysis revealed that having visual disorders (B=-0.276±0.12; p=0.029) and receiving affective touch from caregivers (B=0.745±0.12; p=0.001) were the main factors associated with older adults' satisfaction with caregiver' communication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older people are not sufficiently satisfied with caregivers' communication skills, especially those with vision problems and those who have not received affective touch from caregivers. Caregivers need to be aware of the specific needs of older patients and use appropriate communication techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":"17 ","pages":"e20230069"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10695440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138488647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}