Dementia e Neuropsychologia最新文献

{"title":"Thanks to the Editorial Board of Dementia & Neuropsychology","authors":"","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2023-a001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2023-a001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45615004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The memory engram: beginning the search.","authors":"Eliasz Engelhardt,&nbsp;Gilberto Levy","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some of the earliest conceptual milestones in memory research with relevance to the physical means through which its preservation is made possible, namely, the 'memory trace' or 'engram', are analysed in this study. The fundamental notions were laid down by Platon and Aristoteles. While Platon regarded memory as an imprint on a 'wax block' in the immortal soul, Aristoteles considered memory a modification in the mortal soul, imprinted like a cast at birth time. The Roman orators were interested in mnemotechnics, and Cicero is credited for the term 'trace' (<i>vestigium</i>) used for the first time. Much later, Descartes described the (memory) 'trace' (<i>trace</i>), linking psychic, and physical processes. Finally, Semon posited innovative concepts and terms centralized by the 'engram' (<i>Engramm</i>). The search of this important question, which begun about two and a half millennia ago, continues in focus, as can be seen through the growing rate of published papers on the subject.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9510060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging roles of telemedicine in dementia treatment and care.","authors":"Abdulbasit Opeyemi Muili,&nbsp;Mubarak Jolayemi Mustapha,&nbsp;Michael Chukwubuikem Offor,&nbsp;Habeebulah Jayeola Oladipo","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia is a neurological disorder that affects memory, thinking, orientation, and other important functions of the brain; telemedicine is a part of the healthcare delivery system involving diagnosis and consultation over telecommunications devices such as mobile phones and computers. In this review, we assessed the impact, accessibility, and possible improvements in telemedicine in dementia treatment. Regarding the use of telemedicine in the treatment, we evaluated its impact on the management of the disease (i.e., diagnosis and follow-up). We also evaluated studies on the current improvements and accessibility of telemedicine in dementia treatment. The review findings showed that it is effective in diagnosing patients, monitoring their progress during treatment, and providing caregiver support. However, studies have revealed a lack of accessibility and improvement in telemedicine among the elderly, particularly in West African countries. Finally, lasting solutions were provided to address the problems in the review permanently.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10229090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9923141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive complaints in older adults in primary care and associated factors.","authors":"El Mahjoub El Harsi,&nbsp;Abdelhafid Benksim,&nbsp;Mohamed Cherkaoui","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive complaints are common in older people. They can progress into a more severe cognitive decline and then deterioration of quality of life. They are associated with several factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the factors associated with cognitive complaints in older adults in the city of Marrakech, Morocco.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted between March and June 2022 among 281 people aged 50 years and older who attended primary health care centers in the city of Marrakech. Cognitive complaints were measured using the McNair-Kahn scale. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected through interviews with the participants and consultation of their medical records. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, Ink software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total participants, 51.6% had cognitive complaints. Multivariate analysis showed that people aged 75 years and over had a sevenfold higher risk of cognitive complaints than people aged 50-64 years (p=0.033; OR=7.64; 95%CI 1.17-49.72), and that illiteracy (p=0.004; OR=3.39; 95%CI 1.48-7.76), cardiovascular disease (p=0.018; OR=4.30; 95%CI 1.29-14.32), diabetes (p=0.001; OR=3.14; 95%CI 1.64-6.04), visual impairment (p=0.017; OR=2.22; 95%CI 1.15-4.19), depression (p= 0.027; OR=2.36; 95%CI 1.10-5.05) and sleepiness (p=0.034; OR=1.96; 95%CI 1.05-3.66) are associated variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive complaints are frequent in older adults and are associated with several sociodemographic and health factors. Some measures could help maintain stable memory performance in old age and prevent severe cognitive declines, such as regular follow-up of at-risk individuals, and cognitive, physical and leisure activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10229085/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9939428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroconvulsive therapy for treating patients with agitation and related behavioral disorders due to dementia: a systematic review.","authors":"Florindo Stella,&nbsp;Márcia Radanovic,&nbsp;José Gallucci-Neto,&nbsp;Orestes Vicente Forlenza","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Behavioral disturbances are clinically relevant in patients with dementia, and pharmacological regimens to mitigate these symptoms have provided limited results. Proven to be effective in several psychiatric conditions, electroconvulsive therapy is a potentially beneficial strategy for treating severe agitation due to dementia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to examine the publications on the efficacy, safety and tolerability of electroconvulsive therapy in treating patients with agitation due to dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic analysis on the electroconvulsive therapy to treat patients with dementia and coexisting severe agitation. Articles were classified according to the level of evidence based on methodological design. Patients received an acute course of electroconvulsive therapy, often followed by maintenance intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We selected 19 studies (156 patients; 64.1% women; 51-98 years old), which met the inclusion criteria: one case-control study by chart analysis (level of evidence 2); one open-label study (level of evidence 3); three historical/retrospective chart analyses (level of evidence 4); and 14 case series/reports (level of evidence 5). No randomized, sham-controlled clinical trials (level of evidence 1) were identified, which represents the main methodological weakness. Some patients had postictal delirium, cardiovascular decompensation and cognitive changes, lasting for a short time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, patients achieved significant improvement in agitation. However, the main finding of the present review was the absence of methodological design based on randomized and sham-controlled clinical trials. Despite methodological limitations and side effects requiring attention, electroconvulsive therapy was considered a safe and effective treatment of patients with severe agitation and related behavioral disorders due to dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10392879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10289999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glymphatic system, sleep, and shift work: a new paradigm in occupational and mental health?","authors":"Einstein Francisco Camargo,&nbsp;Otávio Toledo Nóbrega","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0077","url":null,"abstract":"October 21, 1879, was a pivotal date that changed the world. That day, Thomas Edison created a light bulb that shone for 48 h straight. After that, mankind extended the working day into the night. The economic and social gains were remarkable, with a substantial increase in the number of jobs, but causing sleep loss and circadian misalignment due to shift work. Sleep medicine, a relatively recent field of study, has made extraordinary discoveries regarding the impact of sleep on the general human health, notably on occupational and mental health. Shift work is defined as a labor schedule that includes non-standard hours (especially evening and nighttime hours), performed constantly at a fixed schedule, at intermittent/rotating turns, or even according to less fixed time tables1. Changes in the natural sleep/wake cycle, also known as circadian rhythm, can trigger sleep disorders over the lifetime. There are many studies showing that sleep disorders negatively influence workers’ health, leading to conditions as hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, decreased immunity, cancer, anxiety, and depression2. A recent meta-analysis assembled the findings of 18 studies encompassing 18,802 workers exposed to shift working and compared to non-exposed controls. The results showed an unquestionable impairment in cognitive performance, by means of worsened working memory, processing speed, psychomotor vigilance, cognitive control, and visual attention3. The authors call attention to a deteriorated performance among shift workers, including work-related injuries as well as an increased risk of clinical and procedural prescribing errors by physicians. However, these findings go beyond a oneoff risk. A population-based study revealed inverted U-shaped associations between sleep duration and subsequent cognitive decline, as well with incidence of dementia4. This remark was confirmed by a robust recent meta-analysis elucidating the influence of sleep disturbances on the incidence of dementia, highlighting the importance of regular sleep5. Results of a prospective study of two cohorts indicate that mid-life shift work history, including nighttime work, was significantly associated with increased incidence of dementia in later life6. Furthermore, higher dementia risk was associated with a long shift work history. In the past","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9510065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discourse abilities in euthymic elderly patients with bipolar disorder: a preliminary study.","authors":"Maria Gabriela Valeriano,&nbsp;Renné Alegria,&nbsp;Orestes Vicente Forlenza,&nbsp;Marcia Radanovic","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive impairment has been well described in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD), as well as in elderly patients. Language disturbances are less studied, and several inconsistencies are reported in the literature. Most language studies focus on verbal fluency and semantic alterations, with a lack of studies addressing discursive abilities in BD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate discourse abilities in euthymic elderly individuals with BD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied 19 euthymic elderly patients with BD and a control group of non-BD, which performed a cognitive assessment of attention, memory, executive functions, and visual abilities. All participants produced a description from the Cookie Theft Picture in oral and written modalities that was analyzed according to micro- and macrolinguistic aspects. Generalized linear models were performed to compare intergroup linguistic performance and to determine whether any cognitive domain was associated with linguistic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BD group produced more cohesion errors in the oral and written modalities (p=0.016 and p=0.011, respectively) and fewer thematic units in the oral modality (p=0.027) than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BD patients presented minimal changes in the descriptive discourse task. The BD group produced more cohesion errors than the control group in the oral (p=0.016) and written discourse (p=0.011); also, the BD group produced fewer thematic units than controls in the oral discourse (p=0.027).</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10202327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9517226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Falling of older adults with cognitive impairment: a new home environment evaluation chart and a preliminary examination in the Wakuya Project.","authors":"Tomohiro Sugawara,&nbsp;Keiichi Kumai,&nbsp;Miwako Shoji,&nbsp;Kenichi Meguro","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is important to evaluate the home environment because most fractures in older adults are caused by falls indoors. However, previous studies have not separated individual abilities from environments. Also, the interrelationship between falls, cognitive function, and home environments has not been clarified.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation method specific to the home environment and examine the effects of environment and cognitive impairment on falls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a case-control study analyzing 95 older adults living in the community. A Visiting Checklist for the Home Environment (VICHe) was developed and examined for reliability and validity. Inter-rater reliability (IRR) was examined by determining Cohen's kappa and the intra-class correlation coefficient. Guttman's split-half method was used for internal consistency, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was obtained. Criterion-related validity was confirmed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient with the Fall Risk Index's (FRI) total score of the environmental factor items. As a preliminary study, trends in the number of falls by cognitive function and home environment were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The VICHe obtained validity, but the IRR was inadequate. In contrast, the version that focused on the on-floor environment (VICHe-OFI) showed IRR for all items and validity through correlations with the FRI. The number of fallers increased in the cognitive impairment group when the home environment was bad.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reliability and validity of the VICHe-OFI were obtained. Preliminary examination using this scale indicates that falls in the home of the elderly may be more affected by the home environment as cognitive function declines.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10229092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9939423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton pump inhibitors and dementia: what association?","authors":"Catarina Caetano,&nbsp;Marta Veloso,&nbsp;Susana Borda","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several recent studies have suggested an association between proton pump inhibitors and the development of cognitive changes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the existence of this association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted including guidelines, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, observational and experimental studies published between February 2011 and February 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial research identified 393 articles, 28 of which were included: 8 systematic reviews, 1 clinical trial, 15 observational studies, 3 case-control studies, and 1 cross-sectional observational study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most studies classified with the highest level of evidence found no statistically significant association between the use of proton pump inhibitors and the development of cognitive impairment or dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10229084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9939429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention of next-generation sequencing in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: challenges and future prospects.","authors":"Tijimol Chandy","doi":"10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical diagnosis of several neurodegenerative disorders based on clinical phenotype is challenging due to its heterogeneous nature and overlapping disease manifestations. Therefore, the identification of underlying genetic mechanisms is of paramount importance for better diagnosis and therapeutic regimens. With the emergence of next-generation sequencing, it becomes easier to identify all gene variants in the genome simultaneously, with a system-wide and unbiased approach. Presently various bioinformatics databases are maintained on discovered gene variants and phenotypic indications are available online. Since individuals are unique in their genome, evaluation based on their genetic makeup helps evolve the diagnosis, counselling, and treatment process at the personal level. This article aims to briefly summarize the utilization of next-generation sequencing in deciphering the genetic causes of Alzheimer's disease and address the limitations of whole genome and exome sequencing.</p>","PeriodicalId":39167,"journal":{"name":"Dementia e Neuropsychologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10417152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10000058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}