Open Respiratory Medicine Journal最新文献

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Epidemiology of Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants at Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. 阿拉伯联合酋长国塔瓦姆医院住院婴儿毛细支气管炎流行病学研究。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-24 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402115010007
Amar Al Shibli, Muhammad B Nouredin, Abdulla Al Amri, Durdana Iram, Hassib Narchi
{"title":"Epidemiology of Bronchiolitis in Hospitalized Infants at Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Amar Al Shibli,&nbsp;Muhammad B Nouredin,&nbsp;Abdulla Al Amri,&nbsp;Durdana Iram,&nbsp;Hassib Narchi","doi":"10.2174/1874306402115010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402115010007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bronchiolitis is the commonest lower respiratory tract infection, found worldwide in children < 2 years of age. Over sixty percent of cases are caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). The disease is known to have significant morbidity, mortality and health care costs. Its seasonal variability, manifestations and complications vary between countries. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis in Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective observational chart review was made of an unselected cohort of infants ≤ 2 years admitted to the pediatric department of Tawam hospital over a 3-year period and discharged with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Epidemiological data and risk factors were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RSV was the commonest pathogen (51%). Hospitalizations occurred year-round but increased significantly in December and January. The patients' median age was 5.8 months with a male predominance (male:female ratio of 1.5:1.0). The mean age at admission was 6.6 months and presentation occurred, on average, 2.9 days after the onset of the symptoms. The majority (94%) had respiratory distress on presentation. Chest x-ray was performed in 80% of the patients. Most children received bronchodilator therapy and oxygen therapy was administered to 42%. The mean duration of hospital stay was 3 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bronchiolitis remains a common reason for hospital admission and carries significant morbidity. RSV is the primarily responsible virus for hospital admissions and morbidity.A better understanding of the burden of bronchiolitis in our setting would enable better planning and use of hospital resources to minimize its short and long-term sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"15 ","pages":"7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8227460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39174145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Current Utility of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score: A Literature Review and Future Directions. 序贯器官衰竭评估评分的当前应用:文献综述及未来发展方向。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-13 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402115010001
Rahul Kashyap, Khalid M Sherani, Taru Dutt, Karthik Gnanapandithan, Malvika Sagar, Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula, Abhay P Vakil, Salim Surani
{"title":"Current Utility of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score: A Literature Review and Future Directions.","authors":"Rahul Kashyap,&nbsp;Khalid M Sherani,&nbsp;Taru Dutt,&nbsp;Karthik Gnanapandithan,&nbsp;Malvika Sagar,&nbsp;Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula,&nbsp;Abhay P Vakil,&nbsp;Salim Surani","doi":"10.2174/1874306402115010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402115010001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is commonly used in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to evaluate, prognosticate and assess patients. Since its validation, the SOFA score has served in various settings, including medical, trauma, surgical, cardiac, and neurological ICUs. It has been a strong mortality predictor and literature over the years has documented the ability of the SOFA score to accurately distinguish survivors from non-survivors on admission. Over the years, multiple variations have been proposed to the SOFA score, which have led to the evolution of alternate validated scoring models replacing one or more components of the SOFA scoring system. Various SOFA based models have been used to evaluate specific clinical populations, such as patients with cardiac dysfunction, hepatic failure, renal failure, different races and public health illnesses, <i>etc</i>. This study is aimed to conduct a review of modifications in SOFA score in the past several years. We review the literature evaluating various modifications to the SOFA score such as modified SOFA, Modified SOFA, modified Cardiovascular SOFA, Extra-renal SOFA, Chronic Liver Failure SOFA, Mexican SOFA, quick SOFA, Lactic acid quick SOFA (LqSOFA), SOFA in hematological malignancies, SOFA with Richmond Agitation-Sedation scale and Pediatric SOFA. Various organ systems, their relevant scoring and the proposed modifications in each of these systems are presented in detail. There is a need to incorporate the most recent literature into the SOFA scoring system to make it more relevant and accurate in this rapidly evolving critical care environment. For future directions, we plan to put together most if not all updates in SOFA score and probably validate it in a large database a single institution and validate it in multisite data base.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"15 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8227444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39174144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Efficacy and Safety of Biologic Agents in Chronic Urticaria, Asthma and Atopic Dermatitis - A Real-life Experience. 生物制剂治疗慢性荨麻疹、哮喘和特应性皮炎的疗效和安全性-现实生活经验。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010099
Mohamed Abuzakouk, Omar K H A Ghorab, Ali S Wahla, Zaid Zoumot, Mohsen Nasir, Deepa Grandon, Mateen H Uzbeck, Fulvio Salvo, Irfan Shafiq
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Biologic Agents in Chronic Urticaria, Asthma and Atopic Dermatitis - A Real-life Experience.","authors":"Mohamed Abuzakouk,&nbsp;Omar K H A Ghorab,&nbsp;Ali S Wahla,&nbsp;Zaid Zoumot,&nbsp;Mohsen Nasir,&nbsp;Deepa Grandon,&nbsp;Mateen H Uzbeck,&nbsp;Fulvio Salvo,&nbsp;Irfan Shafiq","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Several biologic agents have been approved for the treatment of asthma, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis. These therapeutic agents are especially useful for patients with severe or refractory symptoms. We present the real-life experience of four of the commonly used biologic agents in the United Arab Emirates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed the demographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment parameters for all patients treated with biologic agents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>270 patients received biologics at our centre between May 2015 and December 2019 with a median age of 36.5 years. Omalizumab was the most prescribed agent (n=183, 67.8%) followed by dupilumab (n=54, 20%), benralizumab (n=22, 8.1%) and mepolizumab (n=11, 4.1%). Urticaria was the commonest treatment indication (n=148, 55%) followed by asthma (n=105, 39%) and atopic dermatitis (n=13, 5%). All chronic urticaria patients were treated with omalizumab and showed improvement in the mean urticaria control test score from 6.7±4.47 to 12.02±4.17, with a p-value of 0.001. Dupilumab was found to be the most commonly prescribed drug for asthma (37%), followed by omalizumab (32%), benralizumab (21%) and mepolizumab (10%). The mean Asthma control test score for all asthmatics combined increased from 17.06 ± 5.4 to 19.44 ± 5.6, with p-value 0.0012 with treatment; FeNO reduced from 60.02 ± 45.74 to 29.11 ± 27.92, with p-value 0.001 and mean FEV1 improved from 2.38L ± 0.8 to 2.67L ± 0.78, with p-value 0.045. Only 4 patients in the entire cohort reported adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that biological agents are a safe and effective treatment for atopic asthma, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/41/TORMJ-14-99.PMC7931148.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25476619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
BCG Vaccine does not Protect Against COVID-19. 卡介苗不能预防COVID-19。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010078
Mohamed F Allam, Ghada E Amin
{"title":"BCG Vaccine does not Protect Against COVID-19.","authors":"Mohamed F Allam,&nbsp;Ghada E Amin","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39151436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Respiratory Candida in Patients with Bronchitis, Mucus Plugging, and Atelectasis. 呼吸道念珠菌在支气管炎、粘液堵塞和肺不张患者中的应用。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010087
Douglas C Johnson, Suresh K Chirumamilla, Armando P Paez
{"title":"Respiratory <i>Candida</i> in Patients with Bronchitis, Mucus Plugging, and Atelectasis.","authors":"Douglas C Johnson,&nbsp;Suresh K Chirumamilla,&nbsp;Armando P Paez","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The significance of <i>Candida</i> in pulmonary secretions is unclear, and usually is regarded as colonization, not contributing to symptoms or disease. Yet, in our experience, <i>Candida</i> seemed associated with chronic sputum, mucus plugging, atelectasis, and poor outcome.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to describe the clinical findings of patients with <i>Candida</i> in pulmonary (sputum or bronchoscopy) secretions and the significance of <i>Candida</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study of inpatients and outpatients referred for pulmonary consultation with <i>Candida</i> in pulmonary secretions. Clinical parameters and estimates of whether <i>Candida</i> was likely clinically significant, were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>82 inpatients and 11 outpatients were identified, of which 61 (66%) had atelectasis and 68 (73%) bronchoscopies. Of patients having bronchoscopies, 56 (82%) had mucus, and 43 (63%) mucus plugging. Of the inpatients death (or probable death) occurred in 43 (63%), 42 (98%) of which were from definite or probable respiratory failure, with 13 (31%) likely related to mucus plugging, 16 (38%) possibly from mucus plugging, 6 (14%) unknown, and 7 (17%) not due to mucus plugging. <i>Candida</i> was felt likely clinically significant in 57 patients (61%), uncertain significance in 23 (25%), and not significant in 13 (14%). All outpatients had exacerbations, including 7 (64%) within a year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients requiring pulmonary consultation with <i>Candida</i> in pulmonary secretions often have chronic sputum production, exacerbations, mucus plugging, atelectasis, and death from respiratory failure. <i>Candida</i> was likely clinically significant in most patients. Recommendations to consider <i>Candida</i> in pulmonary secretions as colonization should be reconsidered.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/94/TORMJ-14-87.PMC7931156.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25476661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Weaning from Mechanical Ventilator in a Long-term Acute Care Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis. 长期急性护理医院机械呼吸机脱机:回顾性分析。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-18 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010062
Salim Surani, Munish Sharma, Kevin Middagh, Hector Bernal, Joseph Varon, Iqbal Ratnani, Humayun Anjum, Alamgir Khan
{"title":"Weaning from Mechanical Ventilator in a Long-term Acute Care Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Salim Surani,&nbsp;Munish Sharma,&nbsp;Kevin Middagh,&nbsp;Hector Bernal,&nbsp;Joseph Varon,&nbsp;Iqbal Ratnani,&nbsp;Humayun Anjum,&nbsp;Alamgir Khan","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation (PMV) is associated with a higher cost of care and increased morbidity and mortality. Patients requiring PMV are referred mostly to Long-Term Acute Care (LTAC) facilities.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine if protocol-driven weaning from mechanical ventilator by Respiratory Therapist (RT) would result in quicker weaning from mechanical ventilation, cost-effectiveness, and decreased mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case-control study was conducted that utilized protocol-driven ventilator weaning by respiratory therapist (RT) as a part of the Respiratory Disease Certification Program (RDCP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>51 patients on mechanical ventilation before initiation of protocol-based ventilator weaning formed the control group. 111 patients on mechanical ventilation after implementation of the protocol formed the study group. Time to wean from the mechanical ventilation before the implementation of protocol-driven weaning by RT was 16.76 +/- 18.91 days, while that after the implementation of protocol was 7.67 +/- 6.58 days (p < 0.0001). Mortality proportion in patients after implementation of protocol-based ventilator weaning was 0.21 as compared to 0.37 in the control group (p=0.0153). The daily cost of patient care for the LTAC while on mechanical ventilation was $2200/day per patient while it was $ 1400/day per patient while not on mechanical ventilation leading to significant cost savings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Protocol-driven liberation from mechanical ventilation in LTAC by RT can significantly decrease the duration of a mechanical ventilator, leading to decreased mortality and cost savings.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"62-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39151435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Interstitial Lung Disease Associated Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Analysis. 需要有创机械通气的间质性肺疾病相关急性呼吸衰竭:回顾性分析。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-18 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010067
Cyrus A Vahdatpour, Alexander Pichler, Harold I Palevsky, Michael J Kallan, Namrata B Patel, Paul A Kinniry
{"title":"Interstitial Lung Disease Associated Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Cyrus A Vahdatpour,&nbsp;Alexander Pichler,&nbsp;Harold I Palevsky,&nbsp;Michael J Kallan,&nbsp;Namrata B Patel,&nbsp;Paul A Kinniry","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interstitial Lung Disease [ILD] patients requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation [IMV] for Acute Respiratory Failure [ARF] are known to have a poor prognosis. Few studies have investigated determinants of outcomes and the utility of trialing Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation [NIPPV] prior to IMV to see if there are any effect[s] on mortality or morbidity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was designed using patients at four different intensive care units within one health care system. The primary objective was to determine if there are differences in outcomes for in-hospital and one-year mortality between patients who undergo NIPPV prior to IMV and those who receive only IMV. A secondary objective was to identify potential determinants of outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 54 ILD patients with ARF treated with IMV, 20 (37.0%) survived until hospital discharge and 10 (18.5%) were alive at one-year. There was no significant mortality difference between patients trialed on NIPPV prior to IMV and those receiving only IMV. Several key determinants of outcomes were identified with higher mortality, including higher ventilatory support, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) subtype, high dose steroids, use of vasopressors, supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs), and higher body mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering that patients trialed on NIPPV prior to IMV were associated with no mortality disadvantage to patients treated with only IMV, trialing patients on NIPPV may identify responders and avoid complications associated with IMV. Increased ventilator support, need of vasopressors, SVTs, and high dose steroids reflect higher mortality and palliative care involvement should be considered as early as possible if a lung transplant is not an option.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"67-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39151437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Benefit of Non-invasive Ventilation in Motor Neuron Disease. 无创通气治疗运动神经元疾病的益处。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-12-15 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010053
Laura J Walsh, Desmond M Murphy
{"title":"The Benefit of Non-invasive Ventilation in Motor Neuron Disease.","authors":"Laura J Walsh,&nbsp;Desmond M Murphy","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motor Neuron Disease (MND) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to respiratory muscle weakness with dyspnoea, morning headaches, orthopnoea, poor concentration, unrefreshing sleep, fatigue and daytime somnolence. Respiratory failure is the primary cause of death in those with MND.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Although guidelines suggest the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in MND, there lacks clear guidance as to when is the optimal time to initiate NIV and which markers of respiratory muscle decline are the best predictors of prognosis. There have been a number of studies that have found a significant survival advantage to the use of NIV in MND. Similarly, in quality-of-life questionnaires, those treated with NIV tend to perform better and maintain a better quality of life for longer. Furthermore, studies also suggest that improved compliance and greater tolerance of NIV confer a survival advantage.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) has traditionally been the main pulmonary function test to determine the respiratory function in those with MND; however, FVC may not be entirely reflective of early respiratory muscle dysfunction. Evidence suggests that sniff nasal inspiratory pressure and maximum mouth inspiratory pressure may be better indicators of early respiratory muscle decline. These measures have been shown to be easier to perform later in the disease, in patients with bulbar onset disease, and may indeed be better prognostic indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite ongoing research, there remains a paucity of randomised controlled data in this area. This review aims to summarise the evidence to date on these topics.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7774097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39151434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
BCG Vaccine does not Protect Against COVID-19. 卡介苗不能预防COVID-19。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-26 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010045
Mohamed F Allam, Ghada E El-D Amin
{"title":"BCG Vaccine does not Protect Against COVID-19.","authors":"Mohamed F Allam,&nbsp;Ghada E El-D Amin","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent article by Jop de Vrieze (March 23, 2020) suggested that BCG vaccine could protect against COVID-19 infections. The arguments were that several European countries, like Italy, Spain, France, and Germany, which are badly affected by COVID-19, and the USA stopped vaccination of the general population by BCG and excluded it from their routine vaccination schedule. Many people started to receive doses of BCG based on that hypothesis even before its confirmation. We think that the BCG vaccine could not protect against COVID-19 because several countries like China and Iran, which are severely affected by COVID-19, still include the BCG vaccine in its routine vaccination schedule. Other arguments include that the BCG vaccine improves cell-mediated immunity with little effect on humoral immunity; Immunity against viruses, in general, is mainly humoral.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"45-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7705950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38694601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Surgical versus Non-Surgical Management of Obstructive Sleep-disordered Breathing in Children: A Meta-analysis. 儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸障碍的手术与非手术治疗:一项meta分析。
Open Respiratory Medicine Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-26 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1874306402014010047
Alaa Ahmed Abd El Hamid, Anas Mohamed Askoura, Diaa Marzouk Abdel Hamed, Mohamed Shehata Taha, Mohamed Farouk Allam
{"title":"Surgical <i>versus</i> Non-Surgical Management of Obstructive Sleep-disordered Breathing in Children: A Meta-analysis.","authors":"Alaa Ahmed Abd El Hamid,&nbsp;Anas Mohamed Askoura,&nbsp;Diaa Marzouk Abdel Hamed,&nbsp;Mohamed Shehata Taha,&nbsp;Mohamed Farouk Allam","doi":"10.2174/1874306402014010047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874306402014010047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (OSDB) is a term for several chronic conditions in which partial or complete cessation of breathing occurs many times throughout the night, resulting in fatigue or daytime sleepiness that interferes with a person's functions and reduces the quality of life.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Comparing the effectiveness of surgical <i>versus</i> non-surgical treatment of OSDB in children in clinical trials through a meta-analysis study.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A number of available studies and abstracts concerning the surgical <i>versus</i> non-surgical treatment of OSDB in children were identified through a comprehensive search of electronic databases. Data were abstracted from every study in the form of a risk estimate and its 95% confidence interval.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The current study revealed that there was a statistically significant improvement in the surgically treated patients rather than non-surgically treated patients regarding the quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current meta-analysis reports a significant clinical improvement in the surgical (adenotonsillectomy) group as compared to the non-surgical group, in terms of disease specific quality of life, and healthcare utilization in spite of the availability of only one study.</p>","PeriodicalId":39127,"journal":{"name":"Open Respiratory Medicine Journal","volume":"14 ","pages":"47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7705953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38694602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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