African Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"PROSPECTS OF LASSA FEVER CANDIDATE VACCINES","authors":"Babatunde Ademusire, K. Wieczorek, Aishat Temitope Alonge, Anuska Rajen, J.A. Egbe, D. Adebambo, Chiamaka Bianca Offorbuike, Filip Trojan, Zofia Przypasniak, I. Oduguwa, Oluwafernami Omitoyin, Toluwalo Grace Balogun","doi":"10.21010/ajidv16i2s.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajidv16i2s.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease caused by the Lassa virus (LASV). It is endemic in West Africa and infects about 300,000 people each year, leading to approximately 5000 deaths annually. The development of the LASV vaccine has been listed as a priority by the World Health Organization since 2018. Considering the accelerated development and availability of vaccines against COVID-19, we set out to assess the prospects of LASV vaccines and the progress made so far. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the progress made on twenty-six vaccine candidates listed by Salami et al. (2019) and searched for new vaccine candidates through Google Scholar, PubMed, and DOAJ from June to July 2021. We searched the articles published in English using keywords that included “vaccine” AND “Lassa fever” OR “Lassa virus” in the title/abstract. Results: Thirty-four candidate vaccines were identified – 26 already listed in the review by Salami et al. and an additional 8, which were developed over the last seven years. 30 vaccines are still in the pre-clinical stage while 4 of them are currently undergoing clinical trials. The most promising candidates in 2019 were vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored vaccine and live-attenuated MV/LASV vaccine; both had progressed to clinical trials. Conclusions: Despite the focus on COVID-19 vaccines since 2020, LASV vaccine is under development and continues to make impressive progress, hence more emphasis should be put into exploring further clinical studies related to the most promising types of vaccines identified.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46002397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RDT- AND MICROSCOPIC-BASED TRENDS OF MALARIA AMONG LOCAL AND MIGRANT POPULATIONS IN THE PROVINCE OF CENTRAL KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA DURING 2017-2020","authors":"H. Arwati, Trilianty Lestarisa, I. Augustina, Etik A Rohmah, S. Subekti, S. Keman, Y. P. Dachlan","doi":"10.21010/ajidv16i2s.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajidv16i2s.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Indonesia has demonstrated a significant progress in malaria elimination. Kapuas and Gunung Mas Districts in Central Kalimantan Province have not been freed from malaria and there is no information of malaria incidences in these areas. Palangka Raya city has been freed from malaria in 2018. Materials and Methods: The total number of 140 samples consisting of 75 malaria Giemsa-stained blood smears and 65 RDT cartridges from both local and migrant populations. Both males and females aged 15 years and above were included and their demographic data were recorded. The malaria trend in these areas was analyzed based on the number of cases, species of Plasmodium and the demographic characteristics of the enrolled subjects. Results: The study findings disclosed a yearly decrement of malaria trend in both local and migrant populations of the studied areas. The highest number of P. vivax infection (8.76%) occurred in 2018 among migrant population in Gunung Mas district, while P.falciparum infection was found in 2017 contributed by both population. The decreased number of cases was shown by very low number of cases during 2019 and 2020. The observed significant decrease in malaria incidences indicated the implementation of the malaria control programs at the sub-district level. Conclusion: To minimize malaria cases among gold miners, mosquito repellent, prophylactic administration of antimalarial drugs and enough enlightenment should be considered before and during their activities. From that standpoint, the effective collaboration between health officers and environmental authorities is recommended to control, prevent and eradicate malaria in these areas.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41432790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND RISK PERCEPTION OF COVID-19 AMONG NIGERIANS","authors":"A. Fadeyi, A. Adeoti, Muhammed Adeboye, Joseph Abioye Awosanya, Ibironke Omowumi Oluwadiya, K. Oluwadiya","doi":"10.21010/ajidv16i2s.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajidv16i2s.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 emerged as a novel disease with global health importance. Personal and collective behaviours have been modified to prevent the spread of this pandemic. This study is aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and risk perceptions of Nigerians towards COVID-19. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between the 30th of April and 17th of May 2020 with a national representative among Nigerians using a combination of online and interviewer administered questionnaire. Results: A total of 1,135 respondents participated in the study with a slight male preponderance (M: F=1.5:1). The mean age of the participants was 42±12.2 years with the majority (77%) between the ages of 26 and 55 years. The majority were aware of the pandemic, mostly through mass and social media. Most of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge of COVID-19 but the unaware minority (0.6%) were likewise uneducated. Educational status had no significant association with attitude towards hand washing and wearing of face mask (p>0.05). Risk perception was however low to moderate despite their concerns for COVID-19 and lack of trust in the governments’ response to the disease. Conclusion: The risk perception of COVID-19 among the respondents is not encouraging, hence more advocacy and public orientation must be done to curb further spread of COVID-19 in our setting.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44087275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS OF SINGLE AND COMBINED CRUDE EXTRACTS OF SYNADENIUM GLAUCESCENS AND COMMIPHORA SWYNNERTONII","authors":"Mary G. Ochollah, Zaituni Msengwa, F. Mabiki, L. Kusiluka, R. Mdegela, J. E. Olsen","doi":"10.21010/ajidv16i2s.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajidv16i2s.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Synadenium glaucescens and Commiphora swynnertonii are among the reported plants used traditionally for treatment of bacterial infections. This study reports antibacterial effects of single and combined extracts from leaves, stem and root barks of Commiphora swynnertonii and Synadenium glaucescens. Materials and Methods: Plants were collected from Manyara and Njombe regions in Tanzania. Extraction was done using dichloromethane and methanol. The extracts were assessed for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution, while Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) indices were calculated from MIC values of combined extracts to determine combination effects. Results: Strong antibacterial activities were demonstrated by all extracts of S. glaucescens (MIC 0.011-0.375mg/mL) against Gram-positive bacteria and methanol extracts of C. swynnertonii (MIC 0.047-0.375mg/mL). Synergistic effect was observed when combining methanol extracts of C. swynnertonii stem bark with S. glaucescens leaves against S. aureus (∑FIC 0.5), Other synergistic effects were observed against E. faecalis with dichloromethane extracts of C. swynnertonii stem bark and S. glaucescens stem bark (∑FIC 0.5), and C. swynnertonii root bark and S. glaucescens root bark (FIC index 0.3). For the remaining combinations, mainly additive effects were observed. Conclusion: Synergistic effects on bacteria were observed by combining different plant parts of S. glaucescens and C. swynnertonii suggesting that it could be beneficial to combine such extracts when used for antibacterial purposes.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43454807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAPID IMPLEMENTATION OF REAL-TIME REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (REAL-TIME RT-PCR) ASSAY FOR THE DETECTION OF SARS-COV-2 IN A MOROCCAN HOSPITAL","authors":"B. Belefquih, W. Maher, A. Cheikh, Wail Hamdani, Y. Zaid, H. Kabbaj, M. Seffar, H. Dakka, K. Hadami, Afaf Allaoui, A. Benouda","doi":"10.21010/ajidv16i2s.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajidv16i2s.8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The main challenge faced in the African countries was to implement efficient molecular diagnostic facilities and start Covid-19 diagnosis as fast as possible to handle the rapid and unpredictable rise of cases. Materials, Methods and Results: We describe our experience in implementing a molecular biology unit at Sheikh Zaïd International University Hospital in Rabat, with a delay as short as one week, and starting real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of SARS-Cov-2 infection, since the outbreak widened in Morocco in mid-March, 2020. Conclusion: The challenges encountered in the first period of Covid-19 pandemic are still present. This work aims to give an example of a rapid and adaptive response in order to maintain our diagnosis ability for Covid-19 and for other pathogens","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45810908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF PHARMACISTS’ KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV IN TWO NIGERIAN TEACHING HOSPITALS","authors":"A. Isah, M. Abubakar, N. Igboeli, Isaac Chijioke Ibezim, Chisom Sandra Ibenekwu","doi":"10.21010/ajidv16i2s.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajidv16i2s.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The pharmacological component of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services involves the provision of antiretroviral agents (ARVs) to the mothers and/or their babies at any stage of pregnancy. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of Pharmacists about PMTCT. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among consenting Pharmacists at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH). Completed questionnaires were collated and analyzed using SPSS Version-25 with appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. P-values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 77 Pharmacists participated in the study, with 54(70.13%) being from ABUTH. In ABUTH, 15(33.3%) Pharmacists identified as being females, against 16(69.6%) in UNTH. Majority (40,95.2%) of the Pharmacists in ABUTH had less than 10 years working experience as against 8(34.8%) in UNTH. Forty-eight (88.9%) respondents knew the correct meaning of PMTCT. The Pharmacists in ABUTH and UNTH had mean knowledge scores of 58.70±2.88% and 52.17±6.19%, respectively; t(75)=1.094, p=0.760. In ABUTH and UNTH, 16(69.6%) and 22(42.3%) Pharmacists, respectively, strongly agreed that PMTCT can prevent future infections in the infants. Their mean attitude scores were 69.65±1.22% (ABUTH) and 74.09±1.68% (UNTH); t(73)=-2.063, p=0.487. For practice, 4(5.33%) Pharmacists in both hospitals very often dispensed PMTCT drugs, while 37(70.83%) counseled PMTCT treatment-naïve patients. Conclusion: The Pharmacists assessed in both hospitals had a fair knowledge of PMTCT services. Their attitudes to PMTCT was very good, although only a few of them had experience in providing care for PMTCT patients.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48227021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND RISK PERCEPTION OF COVID-19 AMONG NIGERIANS.","authors":"Fadeyi Abayomi,&nbsp;Adeoti Adekunle Olatayo,&nbsp;Adeboye Muhammed Akanbi Nurudeen,&nbsp;Awosanya Joseph Abioye,&nbsp;Oluwadiya Ibironke Omowumi,&nbsp;Oluwadiya Kehinde Sunday","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article on p. 63 in vol. 16, PMID: 35582061.].</p>","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 2 Suppl","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40370783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAPID IMPLEMENTATION OF REAL-TIME REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (REAL-TIME RT-PCR) ASSAY FOR THE DETECTION OF SARS-COV-2 IN A MOROCCAN HOSPITAL.","authors":"Belefquih Bouchra,&nbsp;Maher Wissal,&nbsp;Cheikh Amine,&nbsp;Hamdani Wail,&nbsp;Zaid Younes,&nbsp;Kabbaj Hakima,&nbsp;Seffar Meryem,&nbsp;Dakka Hanae,&nbsp;Hadami Khaoula,&nbsp;Allaoui Afaf,&nbsp;Benouda Amina","doi":"10.21010/Ajid.v16i2S.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/Ajid.v16i2S.8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The main challenge faced in the African countries was to implement efficient molecular diagnostic facilities and start Covid-19 diagnosis as fast as possible to handle the rapid and unpredictable rise of cases.</p><p><strong>Materials methods and results: </strong>We describe our experience in implementing a molecular biology unit at Sheikh Zaïd International University Hospital in Rabat, with a delay as short as one week, and starting real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of SARS-Cov-2 infection, since the outbreak widened in Morocco in mid-March, 2020.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The challenges encountered in the first period of Covid-19 pandemic are still present. This work aims to give an example of a rapid and adaptive response in order to maintain our diagnosis ability for Covid-19 and for other pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 2 Suppl","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40370789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RDT- AND MICROSCOPIC-BASED TRENDS OF MALARIA AMONG LOCAL AND MIGRANT POPULATIONS IN THE PROVINCE OF CENTRAL KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA DURING 2017-2020.","authors":"Arwati Heny,&nbsp;Lestarisa Trilianty,&nbsp;Augustina Indria,&nbsp;Rohmah Etik Ainun,&nbsp;Subekti Sri,&nbsp;Keman Soedjajadi,&nbsp;Dachlan Yoes Prijatna","doi":"10.21010/Ajid.v16i2S.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/Ajid.v16i2S.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Indonesia has demonstrated a significant progress in malaria elimination. Kapuas and Gunung Mas Districts in Central Kalimantan Province have not been freed from malaria and there is no information of malaria incidences in these areas. Palangka Raya city has been freed from malaria in 2018.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The total number of 140 samples consisting of 75 malaria Giemsa-stained blood smears and 65 RDT cartridges from both local and migrant populations. Both males and females aged15 years and above were included and their demographic data were recorded. The malaria trend in these areas was analyzed based on the number of cases, species of <i>Plasmodium</i> and the demographic characteristics of the enrolled subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study findings disclosed a yearly decrement of malaria trend in both local and migrant populations of the studied areas. The highest number of <i>P.vivax</i> infection (8.76%)occurred in 2018 among migrant population in Gunung Mas district, while <i>P.falciparum</i> infection was found in 2017contributed by both population. The decreased number of cases was shown by very low number of cases among migrant population in almost every year. The observed significant decrease in malaria incidences indicated the success and effective implementation of the malaria control programs at the sub-district level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To minimize malaria cases among gold miners, mosquito repellent, prophylactic administration of antimalarial drugs and enough enlightenment should be considered before and during their activities. From that standpoint, the effective collaboration between health officers and environmental authorities is recommended to control, prevent and eliminate malaria in these areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 2 Suppl","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40371246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS OF SINGLE AND COMBINED CRUDE EXTRACTS OF <i>SYNADENIUM GLAUCESCENS</i> AND <i>COMMIPHORA SWYNNERTONII</i>.","authors":"Ochollah G Mary,&nbsp;Msengwa S Zaituni,&nbsp;Mabiki P Faith,&nbsp;Kusiluka J M Lughano,&nbsp;Mdegela H Robinson,&nbsp;Olsen E John","doi":"10.21010/Ajid.v16i2S.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/Ajid.v16i2S.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Synadenium glaucescens and Commiphora swynnertonii</i> are among the reported plants used traditionally for treatment of bacterial infections. This study reports antibacterial effects of single and combined extracts from leaves, stem and root barks of <i>Commiphora swynnertonii</i> and <i>Synadenium glaucescens</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Plants were collected from Manyara and Njombe regions in Tanzania. Extraction was done using dichloromethane and methanol. The extracts were assessed for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>) and Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>). Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution, while Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) indices were calculated from MIC values of combined extracts to determine combination effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Strong antibacterial activities were demonstrated by all extracts of <i>S. glaucescens</i> (MIC 0.011-0.375mg/mL) against Gram-positive bacteria and methanol extracts of <i>C. swynnertonii</i> (MIC 0.047-0.375mg/mL). Synergistic effect was observed when combining methanol extracts of <i>C. swynnertonii</i> stem bark with <i>S. glaucescens</i> leaves against <i>S. aureus</i> (∑FIC 0.5), Other synergistic effects were observed against <i>E. faecalis</i> with dichloromethane extracts of <i>C. swynnertonii</i> stem bark and <i>S. glaucescens</i> stem bark (∑FIC 0.5), and <i>C. swynnertonii</i> root bark and <i>S. glaucescens</i> root bark (FIC index 0.3). For the remaining combinations, mainly additive effects were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Synergistic effects on bacteria were observed by combining different plant parts of S<i>. glaucescens and C. swynnertonii</i> suggesting that it could be beneficial to combine such extracts when used for antibacterial purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"16 2 Suppl","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9480890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40370787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}