African Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献_第10页

LIPID AND LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS IN HIV-INFECTED ADULTS WITH SEPSIS COMPARED TO HEALTHY HIV- INFECTED CONTROLS. 与健康hiv感染对照相比，感染hiv的成人败血症患者的脂质和脂蛋白水平。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-07-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i2.1

Faheem Seedat, Frederick Raal, Neil Martinson, Ebrahim Variava

{"title":"LIPID AND LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS IN HIV-INFECTED ADULTS WITH SEPSIS COMPARED TO HEALTHY HIV- INFECTED CONTROLS.","authors":"Faheem Seedat, Frederick Raal, Neil Martinson, Ebrahim Variava","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajid.v14i2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In acute sepsis, reduced lipid and lipoprotein levels occur in HIV negative patients, in particular, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL–c) levels are inversely correlated with sepsis severity and increased mortality. However, due to the limited data describing lipid and lipoprotein levels in septic HIV–infected individuals we aimed to investigate the changes in this subgroup. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross–sectional observational study of HIV–infected patients comparing admitted HIV – infected patients with sepsis to healthy controls from the antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic. Non fasting - lipograms, ART use, diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), markers of infection, renal function and mortality outcome to 3 months post discharge were reviewed. Results: Total cholesterol (TC), low–density lipoprotein (LDL–c) and HDL-c were all significantly lower in the sepsis group (p < 0.001). HDL–c was significantly associated with a higher white cell count (p = 0.018), higher C– reactive protein (p = 0.036) and low serum albumin (p < 0.001). In those with active TB (55%) HDL–c was reduced even further (0.55 vs. 0.72mmol/L, p = 0.013). Acute kidney injury (p = 0.560) and mortality at discharge (p = 0.097) or 3 months follow up (p = 0.953) was not associated with reduced HDL–c. Conclusion: Septic HIV–infected patients had significantly reduced lipid and lipoprotein levels at admission. Of note however, a low HDL–c was associated with markers of infection and reductions in HDL–c was more marked in those with active TB.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 2","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38896351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

HIV-ASSOCIATED NON HODGKIN LYMPHOMA: A CASE SERIES STUDY FROM TURKEY. hiv相关的非霍奇金淋巴瘤:来自土耳其的病例系列研究。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-07-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i2.7

Kayra Somay, Sidar Çöpür, Emre Osmanbaşoğlu, Helin Masyan, Harun Arslan, Olga Meltem Akay, Süda Tekin, Burhan Ferhanoğlu

{"title":"HIV-ASSOCIATED NON HODGKIN LYMPHOMA: A CASE SERIES STUDY FROM TURKEY.","authors":"Kayra Somay, Sidar Çöpür, Emre Osmanbaşoğlu, Helin Masyan, Harun Arslan, Olga Meltem Akay, Süda Tekin, Burhan Ferhanoğlu","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajid.v14i2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global health concern with major risks for opportunistic infections and predisposition to malignancies including Kaposi sarcoma associated with Human Herpes Virus-8 (HHV-8) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) commonly associated with Epstein Barr Virus (EBV). Although the exact mechanisms of predisposition to certain malignancies are unclear, HIV (+) cancer patients typically have poorer prognosis.Materials and methods: We included all five HIV positive NHL patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and chemotherapy in our clinic and aim to determine their follow-up outcomes associated with ART.Results: The use of ART in conjunction with chemotherapy regimens lead to better therapeutic outcome in our cases with no mortality over three years of follow-up despite high rates of poor prognostic factors and studies demonstrating 1-year survival rates of approximately 30% in HIV-associated lymphoma. No significant adverse effect has been recorded.Conclusion: We recommend use of ART along with chemotherapy regimens in HIV positive lymphoma patients for better treatment response.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 2","pages":"42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38896758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

OUTCOMES OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN TWO PUBLIC-SECTOR PSYCHIATRIC FACILITIES IN THE EASTERN CAPE USING EFAVIRENZ-CONTAINING REGIMENS. 在东开普省两个公共部门精神病设施中使用含依非韦伦方案的艾滋病毒感染者的结果。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-07-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i2.2

Ilse Truter, Razia Gaida, Christoffel Grobler

{"title":"OUTCOMES OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN TWO PUBLIC-SECTOR PSYCHIATRIC FACILITIES IN THE EASTERN CAPE USING EFAVIRENZ-CONTAINING REGIMENS.","authors":"Ilse Truter, Razia Gaida, Christoffel Grobler","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.2","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People with mental disorders are more vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A part of first-line treatment for HIV, efavirenz, is routinely avoided in patients with mental illness due to the risk of potential aggravation of the mental illness. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of people living with HIV/AIDS who were mental healthcare users admitted to two public-sector psychiatric facilities and who were prescribed an efavirenz-containing regimen.Materials and methods: A retrospective drug utilization study was conducted at two public-sector psychiatric hospitals in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Patients aged 18 years or older living with HIV were included in the study. Follow-up reviews were conducted at four, 12 and 24 weeks. The patients were seen by doctors at the hospital and notes on progress and medication were recorded in medical records. The files were then reviewed.Results: A total of 37 patients were enrolled. However, just 26 were reviewed at 24 weeks. A total of 43.2% (n=16) were female patients and the average age of the patients was 39.38±8.76 years. At the baseline, 32.4% (n=12) patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia. A total of 81.08% (n=30) of patients experienced an improvement in psychiatric symptoms after 24 weeks. Of these, 43.3% (n=13) were on an efavirenz-containing regimen.Conclusion: Majority of the patients demonstrated an improvement in their psychiatric conditions to the extent that they were discharged into the community. This finding suggests that patients with psychiatric disorders on efavirenz can experience stabilisation of their psychiatric symptoms.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 2","pages":"10-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38896352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PREVALENCE OF PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS AMONG SCAVENGING PIGS IN WESTERN KENYA. 肯尼亚西部食腐猪中猪囊虫病的流行。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-07-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i2.5

Marie-Françoise Mwabonimana, Anthony Macharia King'ori, Charles Muleke Inyagwa, Eduard Kokan Shakala, Bockline Omedo Bebe

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS AMONG SCAVENGING PIGS IN WESTERN KENYA.","authors":"Marie-Françoise Mwabonimana, Anthony Macharia King'ori, Charles Muleke Inyagwa, Eduard Kokan Shakala, Bockline Omedo Bebe","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.5","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Porcine Cysticercosis (PC) infection is globally classified as a neglected and re-emerging tropical disease. The disease is endemic in Western Kenya yet smallholder farmers continue to practice scavenging pig production, thereby posing public health risk. This study determined the prevalence of PC infection at the farms and slaughter slabs in a cross-sectional survey in two Counties (Busia and Kakamega) of Western Kenya.Materials and methods: Two hundred and eighty-seven (287) heparinized blood samples were collected at the farm from 162 households in 9 villages and 113 pigs from 5 slaughter slabs. The prevalence of PC was detected through meat inspection at slaughter slabs, and the prevalence of Taenia solium antigen determined by using the ApDia Ag-ELISA test at the farms and slaughter slabs.Results: At meat inspection, the PC prevalence was 1.8%, while prevalence of Taenia Species cysts detected with Ag-ELISA test was 3.8% at the farms, and 5.3 % at the slaughter slabs. The Ag-ELISA test had sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 19.79- 100.00) and specificity of 96.4% (95% CI: 90.49- 98.84).Conclusion: The PC prevalence levels observed among scavenging pigs in Western Kenya should be a cause of public health risk concern. This observation warrant enforcing mandatory pig confinement, and use of latrines at the farms and meat inspection at local slaughter slabs. Further studies are recommended to identify different Taenia species in cysticercoids pigs in the region, which this study could not differentiate.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 2","pages":"30-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38896756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS RISKS: AWARENESS, ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS ON SAFETY PRACTICES AMONG FARMERS, BUTCHER-OWNERS AND CONSUMERS IN WESTERN KENYA. 猪囊尾蚴病风险：肯尼亚西部农民、屠夫和消费者对安全做法的认识、态度和看法。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-07-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i2.3

Marie-Françoise Mwabonimana, Anthony Macharia King'ori, Charles Muleke Inyagwa, Bockline Omedo Bebe

{"title":"PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS RISKS: AWARENESS, ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS ON SAFETY PRACTICES AMONG FARMERS, BUTCHER-OWNERS AND CONSUMERS IN WESTERN KENYA.","authors":"Marie-Françoise Mwabonimana, Anthony Macharia King'ori, Charles Muleke Inyagwa, Bockline Omedo Bebe","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.3","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The demand for pork is increasing in Africa with the increasing need for animal protein in the household diets. But pork safety and quality remains a pervasive concern that needs intervention to assure consumers of protection from Porcine Cysticercosis (PC) contamination. This study assessed among farmers, butcher-owners and consumers in Western Kenya about their awareness, attitudes and perceptions about safety practices regarding risk of PC.Materials and methods: Data were obtained using structured questionnaires in cross-sectional survey interviews with 162 farmers, 26 butcher-owners and 92 consumers from Busia and Kakamega Counties. The data were in binary response, so were analyzed with Chi - square test.Results: Only two in ten farmers had knowledge of Taenia solium parasite (24.1%), risk factors in PC transmission (21.6%) and could associate pig management system with PC (17.3%). A larger proportion (p<0.01) of the butcher owners perceived pork from slaughter slabs (76.9%) and home slaughters (73.1%) as presenting high risks but considered pork from the butcheries (69.1%) and eateries (61.5%) as presenting no risks. Among the consumers, majority strongly agreed (p<0.05) that pork in the market (85.9%), from slaughter slabs (92.4%) and butchery (81.5%) was safe but a larger proportion strongly disagreed that pork from the eateries exposed them to cysticercosis (64.1%).Conclusion: The awareness about risks of PC was low among farmers. Butcher-owners and consumers perceived pork safety differently along the value chain. Strengthening public education about PC risks and pork safety among all actors in the pork value chain in Western Kenya is recommended.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 2","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38896754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF qPCR MEASUREMENT OF HIV VIRAL LOAD AND ELISA DETECTION OF p24 ANTIGEN AFTER HYPERBARIC OXYGEN EXPOSURE. 高压氧暴露后qPCR检测HIV病毒载量与ELISA检测p24抗原的比较分析。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-07-31 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i2.9

Retno Budiarti, Kuntaman Kuntaman, Guritno Suryokusumo, Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa

{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF qPCR MEASUREMENT OF HIV VIRAL LOAD AND ELISA DETECTION OF p24 ANTIGEN AFTER HYPERBARIC OXYGEN EXPOSURE.","authors":"Retno Budiarti, Kuntaman Kuntaman, Guritno Suryokusumo, Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajid.v14i2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A decrease in the number of viruses or viral nucleic acid components will determine whether a therapy successfully eradicates the virus. Sensitivity and specificity are needed to enable easy, precise and efficient diagnosis and evaluation of therapy. This study examined the sensitivity of quantitative PCR (qPCR) for detecting viral nucleic acids as compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) p24 antigen after hyperbaric oxygen therapy.Materials and methods: In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy whole blood and inoculated HIV-1/MT4 virus in PBMC cultures were isolated. The cultures were exposed to hyperbaric oxygen at 2.4 ATA with 100% O2 for 3 × 30 minutes for 5 days. ELISA and qPCR were used to measure the p24 antigen and HIV-1 mRNA, respectively, in the treatment and control groups.Result: The amounts of p24 antigen and HIV-1 mRNA were significantly different (p = 0.001, p < α). The two examination methods were significantly different. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can reduce virus numbers, as observed from the p24 antigen and HIV-1 mRNA levels. The treatment group had significantly lower virus numbers than the control group. HIV-1 mRNA detection is more sensitive than p24 antigen detection.Conclusion: Both qPCR and ELISA have their advantages, depending on whether the goal is to establish, diagnose or monitor antiretroviral therapy or to evaluate disease progression.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 2","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38896760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

CALLUS INDUCTION OF Sonchus arvensis L. AND ITS ANTIPLASMODIAL ACTIVITY. Sonchus arvensis L. 的胼胝诱导及其抗病活性。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-01-08 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i1.1

Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni, Hery Purnobasuki, Eko Prasetyo Kuncoro, Wiwied Ekasari

{"title":"CALLUS INDUCTION OF Sonchus arvensis L. AND ITS ANTIPLASMODIAL ACTIVITY.","authors":"Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni, Hery Purnobasuki, Eko Prasetyo Kuncoro, Wiwied Ekasari","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i1.1","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajid.v14i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria is a global health problem that requires urgent need for new drugs. Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) possesses many potential medicinal compounds. As the plant is originally found wild, it is important to reproduce its secondary metabolites by tissue culture. The objectives of this study were to look for effective methods to induce callus from leaf explants of Sonchus arvensis L. and to test its in vitro antiplasmodial activity.Materials and methods: The leaves and petioles of the plant were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) solid medium supplemented with indole acetic-3-acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and benzyl amino purine (BAP), in light and dark incubations. The best results obtained from callus induction were then treated by with several concentrations of sucrose (1- 5%). The best results from callus induction were then extracted with methanol for antiplasmodial test by Trager and Jensen's method. It was also tested against 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum.Results: The combination of 1mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BAP in dark incubation was the best treatment for callus induction of tempuyung. It produced the best quality of callus and the shortest period for callusing. Sucrose treatment had various effects on leaves callusing, but had no effect on petioles callusing, whereby 4% sucrose was the best treatment for leaves callusing in dark incubation. The methanol extract of the best callus had anti-plasmodial activity with IC50=0.343 µg/mL.Conclusion: Methanol extract of tempuyung callus shows potential as an antimalarial drug but more studies would be required.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7011161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37649892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV INFECTION AMONG CLIENTS ACCESSING HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING SERVICES IN A SECONDARY REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN LAGOS, NIGERIA. 尼日利亚拉各斯一家二级转诊医院接受艾滋病毒咨询和检测服务的客户中与艾滋病毒感染有关的因素。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-01-08 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i1.3

Olusola Adedeji Adejumo, Abimbola Bowale, Sunday Adesola, Victor Abiola Adepoju, Yeside Shogbamimu, Adetokunbo Dacosta, Lukman Seidu, Ola-Ayinde Ahmed Disu, Temitope Omotayo Omikunle, Oluwaseun Abinde, Olusola Adeyemi Oshindero

{"title":"FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV INFECTION AMONG CLIENTS ACCESSING HIV COUNSELING AND TESTING SERVICES IN A SECONDARY REFERRAL HOSPITAL IN LAGOS, NIGERIA.","authors":"Olusola Adedeji Adejumo, Abimbola Bowale, Sunday Adesola, Victor Abiola Adepoju, Yeside Shogbamimu, Adetokunbo Dacosta, Lukman Seidu, Ola-Ayinde Ahmed Disu, Temitope Omotayo Omikunle, Oluwaseun Abinde, Olusola Adeyemi Oshindero","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajid.v14i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV counselling and testing (HCT) provides an opportunity for people to learn more about the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). This study assessed the knowledge of, and factors associated with, HIV infections among clients assessing HCT services referral hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.Materials and methods: Retrospective review of records of clients who assessed HCT services at Mainland Hospital Lagos, Nigeria, between July 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, was done. Multivariate analysis was done to identify the factors associated with HIV infection and knowledge of HIV.Results: A total of 4273 clients were screened for HIV within the study period. The mean age of clients was 38.5±14.4. Male: Female ratio was 1:0.87. The prevalence of HIV infection was 19%. Factors associated with HIV infection were: age above 24 years, being female (AOR 1.6 95% CI 1.4-2.0, p<0.001), previous marriage (divorced, widowed, separated) (AOR 2.3 95% CI 1.7- 3.3, p<0.001) and poor knowledge of HIV (AOR 2.9 95% CI 2.2-3.6, p<0.001). Males were 15 times more likely to have good knowledge of HIV than females (AOR 14.5 95% CI 10.5- 20.0, p<0.001). In addition, the clients who were single (AOR 3.6 95% CI 2.4-5.4, p<0.001) and married (AOR 3.9 95% CI 2.9-5.3, p<0.001) were four times more likely to have good knowledge of HIV than clients who were previously married.Conclusion: More proactive measures are required to educate the public, especially women who were previously married, on HIV transmission and prevention.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 1","pages":"16-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7011158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37649366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

SEVERITY OF TB CLASSIFIED BY MODIFIED BANDIM TB SCORING ASSOCIATES WITH THE SPECIFIC SEQUENCE OF ESXA GENES IN MDR-TB PATIENTS. 改良带状结核评分法对结核病严重程度的分类与耐多药结核病患者中esxa基因的特定序列有关。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-01-08 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i1.2

Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitria Dewi, Ni Made Mertaniasih, Soedarsono

{"title":"SEVERITY OF TB CLASSIFIED BY MODIFIED BANDIM TB SCORING ASSOCIATES WITH THE SPECIFIC SEQUENCE OF ESXA GENES IN MDR-TB PATIENTS.","authors":"Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitria Dewi, Ni Made Mertaniasih, Soedarsono","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajid.v14i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The severity of pulmonary TB and detection of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) TB strains as potential causative agents could be crucial for the determination of treatment success. This study aimed to analyze the association between the specific sequences of the full esxA gene from MDR-TB sputum isolates and the severity class of MDR-TB patients.Material and methods: A total of 98 sputum samples that were suspected to be MDR-TB were collected from Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia, from September to December 2016. A total of 24 isolates from the 98 patients were confirmed to have positive MDR-TB based on the GeneXpert test. MDR-TB isolates were tested using PCR targeting 580 bp encompassing the full esxA gene, and the resulting amplicon was sequenced. The severity class of the pulmonary TB patients was assessed using modified Bandim TB scoring.Results: The patient severity classification resulted in a moderate and severe degree of TB in 38% and a mild degree of TB in 63% of patients. Visualization of the PCR results showed that all MDR-TB samples were positive for the 580 bp band, and the sequence results showed 100% homology with that of the virulent wild-type M. tuberculosis H37Rv (NC_000962.3).Conclusions: In the current study, an association between the characteristics of the full esxA gene and the severity class of MDR-TB patients is yet to be found. However, the homologous sequence of all samples, associated with various degrees of disease severity, possess 100% identity with that of wild-type M. tuberculosis H37Rv.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 1","pages":"8-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7011159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37649893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL FORMS OF MALARIA AMONG FEBRILE HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN SEEN AT USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, SOKOTO, NIGERIA. 尼日利亚索科托乌斯马努丹福迪约大学教学医院观察的感染艾滋病毒的发热儿童中疟疾的流行情况和临床形式。

African Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2020-01-08 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21010/ajid.v14i1.4

Amodu-Sanni M, Ahmed H, Jiya Nm, Yusuf T, Sani Um, Isezuo Ko, Ugege Mo, Mikailu A J

{"title":"PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL FORMS OF MALARIA AMONG FEBRILE HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN SEEN AT USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, SOKOTO, NIGERIA.","authors":"Amodu-Sanni M, Ahmed H, Jiya Nm, Yusuf T, Sani Um, Isezuo Ko, Ugege Mo, Mikailu A J","doi":"10.21010/ajid.v14i1.4","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajid.v14i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria and HIV infections are major health problems facing the world today. Sub-Saharan Africa with 10 percent of world's population harbors more than half the burden of the scourge. The present study determined the prevalence and clinical forms of malaria among febrile HIV-infected children aged 3months to 15years, seen in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto, Nigeria.Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study among febrile HIV-infected children and their control cohort were carried out between May and October 2016. The participants had the following investigations: malarial parasite, packed cell volume, random blood sugar, retroviral test.Results: A total of 140 febrile HIV-infected children aged 3 months to 15 years and 140 febrile HIV-negative age- and gender-matched children were recruited; 100 of the HIV-infected children were on ART and cotrimoxazole. The prevalence of malaria among the febrile HIV-infected children was 71.4% (100/140) which was significantly lower than the prevalence of 94.3% (132/140) among the control group (χ2 27.72, p=0.001). Among the febrile HIV-infected children that had malaria, 54(54.0%) had uncomplicated malaria while 46(46.0%) had severe malaria. Of the 132 controls that had malaria, 48(36.4%) had uncomplicated malaria and 84(63.6%) had severe malaria (χ2 =7.184, p=0.007).Conclusion: Malaria is a problem in HIV-infected children. Since nearly half of the febrile HIV-infected children had severe form of malaria, it is recommended that health promotion, intermittent malaria prophylaxis, early diagnosis and prompt effective treatment should be instituted for HIV-infected children. This may prevent severe form of malaria and its attendant mortality.","PeriodicalId":39108,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"14 1","pages":"24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7011160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37649367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4