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More Harm than Good: Why Dictionaries Using Orthographic Transcription Instead of the IPA Should Be Handled with Care 弊大于利:为什么字典使用正字法转录而不是国际音标应该小心处理
Research in Language Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.20.2.02
Agnieszka Bryła-Cruz
{"title":"More Harm than Good: Why Dictionaries Using Orthographic Transcription Instead of the IPA Should Be Handled with Care","authors":"Agnieszka Bryła-Cruz","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.20.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.20.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present paper is to shed more light on using L1 (Polish) orthographic spelling to represent the pronunciation of English words in English-Polish dictionaries (e.g. journey /dżerni/, ship /szyp/) and discuss multiple drawbacks of this practice. While there are numerous advantages of using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in foreign language teaching, some Polish lexicographers insist on, what they call, a “simplified” phonetic transcription. In my paper I conduct an overview of three English-Polish dictionaries which use orthographic transcription instead of the IPA and exemplify inevitable confusion and serious problems they present the learner with. The analysis reveals that orthographic transcription intensifies interference between L1 and L2 and contributes to the fossilization of the most persistent mispronunciations stemming from phonetic transfer. Inconsistent and inaccurate transcription prevents learners from spotting patterns and rules (such as e.g. non-rhoticity, vowel reduction, silent letters, etc.). It is argued that relying on ordinary spelling rather than the IPA is a short-sighted alternative which presents more problems than solutions.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45276974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Arab Efl Learners’ Stress of Compound Words 阿拉伯英语学习者的复合词重音
Research in Language Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.06
Safi Eldeen Alzi'abi
{"title":"Arab Efl Learners’ Stress of Compound Words","authors":"Safi Eldeen Alzi'abi","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Compound words are ubiquitous in English. Stressing compounds is difficult for EFL learners and native speakers, especially when the meaning is not a sum of the constituent parts. This study explores Arab EFL learners’ stress strategies and outlines their difficulties. It examines whether any of these factors (a) word class, (b) orthography, (c) understanding of phonetics and phonology, (d) age and (e) grade point average (GPA) influence their behaviour and levels of success. It involves 130 second and third-year Jordanian English majors in reading 50 opaque non-frequent compound words, 25 with right-stress and 25 with left-stress. The majority opted for right-stress, producing about half of the stimuli correctly. They right-stressed more often in compound verbs, nouns and adjectives of all spelling forms. Their performance was slightly influenced by the study of phoneticsandphonology, training in stress and GPA. However, there was no noticeable relationship between their stress performance and age. Notably, the subjects needed more training in compound word stress production.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49178711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
English Phonetics Course: University Students’ Preferences and Expectations 英语语音课程：大学生的偏好与期望
Research in Language Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.05
Marta A. Nowacka
{"title":"English Phonetics Course: University Students’ Preferences and Expectations","authors":"Marta A. Nowacka","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the perspectives of Polish university students of English (n=110) on selected aspects after the pronunciation instruction they underwent during their phonetics course. It shows qualitative questionnaire results obtained by means of four open-ended statements. It sheds light on: English accent preference, reasons why they favoured and disfavoured the course and expectations from the course tutor. The students reported a positive impact of the training on their speaking and overall English/language skills, sounding native-like, good, and being understood. They admitted to disliking rules, theory of phonetics, unexpected pronunciation of words. In addition, the expected responsibilities of a pronunciation tutor comprised: correction of students’ pronunciation and helping them improve this skill. It confirms that the nativeness principle to pronunciation learning still prevails as the students wish to sound nativelike and expect the teacher to give them corrective accuracy-based feedback.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47092426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Native and Non-Native Accents of English: Different Perceptions of English as a Global Language in a Phonetic Perspective. An Editorial to RiL Special Issue Vol. 20.1 and 20.2. 英语的母语和非母语重音：从语音角度看英语作为全球语言的不同看法。RiL特刊第20.1卷和第20.2卷的社论。
Research in Language Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.01
A. Jarosz, I. Witczak-Plisiecka
{"title":"Native and Non-Native Accents of English: Different Perceptions of English as a Global Language in a Phonetic Perspective. An Editorial to RiL Special Issue Vol. 20.1 and 20.2.","authors":"A. Jarosz, I. Witczak-Plisiecka","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"The text reviews selected current issues related to native and non-native accents of English, including the status of English as a global language, the value of varieties of English and the question of a possible supremacy of one accent over other varieties. The text links theoretical and applied issues addressing the question of which variety should be used in EFL education. Focusing on the phonetic dimension it weights the conflicting reasons given in classic works, such as Kachru’s and McArthur’s to eventually point to novel research programmes as exemplified in other texts included in the special issues of Research in Language, i.e. vol. 20, issues 1 and 2, most of which were inspired by Accents 2021, an annual conference organised by the Department of English Language and Applied Linguistics, Institute of English Studies, University of Lodz, Poland. ","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48316124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Developing Unbiased Teacher Identity in Pluri-Accent Reality: Research-Based Classroom Activities 多元现实中无偏教师身份的培养——基于研究的课堂活动
Research in Language Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.03
Kristýna Červinková Poesová, Klára Lančová
{"title":"Developing Unbiased Teacher Identity in Pluri-Accent Reality: Research-Based Classroom Activities","authors":"Kristýna Červinková Poesová, Klára Lančová","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.20.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"In the current pilot report, we draw on and further develop our previous research examining pre-service teachers’ attitudes and beliefs about accents, in which we proposed a pedagogical intervention reflecting certain aspects of our research outcomes, mainly the positive trend of embracing one’s non-nativeness. A set of four classroom activities, namely Nativeness perception test, Four corners, Bank of experiences and Sociodynamic teacher, were incorporated into three different online graduate courses in the winter and summer semesters 2020/2021 at the Department of the English Language and Literature, Faculty of Education in Prague. The piloting process was partly replicated in face-to-face classes of the following academic year. The overarching goal was to raise awareness of accent variation, especially in such a linguistically homogenous country as the Czech Republic and cultivate future teachers’ ability to address accent-related issues confidently, objectively and sensitively. The subsequent scrutiny of participants’ recorded discussions, written and/or oral feedback, submitted tasks as well as teachers’ observations indicated increased awareness of accent variability and a raised level of pedagogical confidence in approaching accent in the classroom context. Particularly, the respondents proved to be highly creative when devising adequate and supportive reactions to imagined negative comments related to accents or preventing them by specifically designing their lesson plans. Furthermore, the pedagogical intervention was appraised by the participating graduate students in their reflective assessment one year later.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47316227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evidential Constructions as Deictic Markers of a Communicative Subject in Newspaper Political Narrative 报纸政治叙事中作为交际主体指示标记的证据结构
Research in Language Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.03
A. Milostivaya
{"title":"Evidential Constructions as Deictic Markers of a Communicative Subject in Newspaper Political Narrative","authors":"A. Milostivaya","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to studying communicative and pragmatic evidential constructions in newspaper political narrative. Based on the assumption that a communicative subject is represented as chain cooperation (“orderer” – editor – journalist – source – journalist), markers of evidentiality are matched with reference to the information about the events described on behalf of the source of relevant information. Correlation between an evidential discourse marker and an indication of the source of information in the narrative, as well as the possibility of indirect deictic reference to second-hand information with the help of modal verbs and lexical markers have been identified. Using evidential constructions in newspapers is determined pragmatically and connected with the narrator’s desire to distance him- or herself from unreliable or axiologically negative factors.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45621416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hermeneutics, Retranslation and Paratext: a Case Study of Seamus Heaney’s Preface to His Retranslation of „Beowulf” 解释学、重新翻译与意译——以希尼《贝奥武夫》重新翻译序言为例
Research in Language Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.02
Mohamed Saki
{"title":"Hermeneutics, Retranslation and Paratext: a Case Study of Seamus Heaney’s Preface to His Retranslation of „Beowulf”","authors":"Mohamed Saki","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.02","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets to analyse the hermeneutical process of highlighting at work in the preface written by the North Irish poet Seamus Heaney to his retranslations of Beowulf (1999). My analysis takes into account the generic identity of the preface by considering it as a textual subgenre where the translator becomes a metatranslator to voice herself out of invisibility, engages in a (self-reflexive) hermeneutical analysis and “justification” by commenting on the choice of the translated work and their translation choices. The analysis is carried out with the help of two concepts elaborated by Gadamer: situatedness and self-understanding to show how Seamus Heaney fuses different horizons in the process of his retranslation.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46282100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Morphological and Lexicosemantic Behaviour of Lexical Units “Golovnaya Bol', Migren', Tsefalgiya and Headache, Migraine, Cephalgia” in the Corpus Environment 语料库环境中“Golovnaya Bol”、“Migren”、“Tsefargiya”和“头痛、偏头痛、头痛”词汇单元的形态和词汇行为
Research in Language Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.01
Marta Lacková
{"title":"Morphological and Lexicosemantic Behaviour of Lexical Units “Golovnaya Bol', Migren', Tsefalgiya and Headache, Migraine, Cephalgia” in the Corpus Environment","authors":"Marta Lacková","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the morphological and lexicosemantic characteristics of lexical units golovnaya bol', migren', tsefalgiya and headache, migraine, cephalgia. The research focuses on collocations, word combinations and concordances in which they appear. At the same time, we consider their grammatical relations, semantic restrictions and semantic prosody. The whole linguistic material is investigated in the framework of the text corpora Russian Web 2011 (ruTenTen11) and English Web 2015 (enTenTen15) with the help of the search tool Sketch Engine. To begin the research, the frequencies of these lexical units in individual styles are elaborated and we also look into the etymology of the studied words as these two factors influence their behaviour from the morphological and lexicological perspectives.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46073245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multidimensionality of “Europäische Identität” Notion in German Mass Media 德国大众传媒中“Europäische Identität”概念的多维性
Research in Language Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.06
S. Serebriakova
{"title":"Multidimensionality of “Europäische Identität” Notion in German Mass Media","authors":"S. Serebriakova","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses communicative-pragmatic analysis and a corpus-based method to investigate multidimensional axiological interpretation of Europäische Identität notion as a unifying political concept. The study focuses on European identity discourse as presented in German mass media. The study shows strategic relevance of the concept and its unifying potential both within the EU framework, and in wider European domain. The analysis reveals that primary and secondary collocators actualized with the notion convey both the topicality and inconsistency of the concept. Moreover, the results show that identity and personal / collective self-determination discourse is characterized by polemic nature and various evaluations that predominantly feature the tactics of doubt and mistrust to the unifying potential of European identity concept.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42412801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metaphorical Representation of the European Union in Political Cartoons in English and Latvian 英国和拉脱维亚政治漫画中的欧盟隐喻
Research in Language Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.04
Solveiga Liepa, Vilma Šaudiņa, Dmitrijs Oļehnovičs
{"title":"Metaphorical Representation of the European Union in Political Cartoons in English and Latvian","authors":"Solveiga Liepa, Vilma Šaudiņa, Dmitrijs Oļehnovičs","doi":"10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.19.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"The study is carried out in the framework of Conceptual Metaphor Theory, but since it considers political cartoons that, apart from linguistic, involve also other modes, the findings of theoreticians researching visual and multimodal metaphors are applied. The purpose of the present study is to identify and analyse the visual and multimodal metaphors encountered in cartoons focusing on the European Union matters and to find out if political events are presented in cartoons in English and Latvian on the basis of the same conceptual metaphors.","PeriodicalId":38985,"journal":{"name":"Research in Language","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44345167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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