中国血吸虫病防治杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Molecular characteristics of Japanese encephalitis virus carried by <i>Culex tritaeniorhynchus</i> in Dongchuan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province].","authors":"Y Gu, Y He, Y Chen, Z Yang, N Li, S Lü, Y Zhu, F Ruan, J Wang, J Wang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2023237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2023237","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To isolate the Japanese encephalitis virus carried by &lt;i&gt;Culex tritaeniorhynchus&lt;/i&gt; in Dongchuan District of Yunnan Province and analyze its molecular characteristics, so as to provide insights into the prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis in Yunnan Province.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Mosquito specimens were collected using mosquito-trapping lamps from pig farms in Batang Village and Xiaoxin Village, Dongchuan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province in July 2016, and the mosquito species was identified according to the mosquito morphology. Then, 60 to 100 mosquitoes of each species served as a group and were ground. Baby hamster kidney-21 (BHK-21) cells and &lt;i&gt;Aedes albopictus&lt;/i&gt; clone C6/36 cells were used for virus isolation, and positive isolates were identified using flavivirus primers. The positive isolates were amplified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay with 15 pairs of specific primers covering the full length of the genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus, and DNA sequence assembly was performed using the software SeqMan in the DNASTAR package. The obtained sequences were aligned with the complete sequences of 38 Japanese encephalitis virus downloaded from the GenBank with the software MegAlign, and the nucleotide and amino acid homology analyses of the obtained sequences were performed. The difference in amino acid sites was analyzed with the software GeneDoc, and phylogenetic trees were created based on the sequences of the coding region and E protein of the isolated Japanese encephalitis virus with the software Mega X. In addition, the secondary and tertiary structures of the E protein of the Japanese encephalitis virus were predicted using the online tool SOPMA and the software Swiss-Model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 5 820 mosquitoes were collected and 3 843 &lt;i&gt;Cx. tritaeniorhynchus&lt;/i&gt; (66.03%) were identified according to the mosquito morphology. A positive virus isolate, termed YNDC55-33, was isolated from &lt;i&gt;Cx. tritaeniorhynchoides&lt;/i&gt; following batches of virus isolation from mosquito specimens, and cytopathic effect was observed following inoculation into BHK-21 and C6/36 cells. The YNDC55-33 virus isolate was successfully amplified with the flavivirus primes, and a long sequence containing 300 nucleotides was obtained. Following sequence alignment using the BLAST tool, the sequence of the YNDC55-33 virus isolate had high homology with that of the genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus. A long sequence with 10 845 nucleotides in length, which encoded 3 432 amino acids, was obtained by splicing the full sequence of the YNDC55-33 virus isolate. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole-genome sequence and &lt;i&gt;E&lt;/i&gt; gene sequence of the YNDC55-33 virus isolate showed that the new YNDC55-33 virus isolate was most closely related to the genotype I Guizhou isolate (GenBank accession number: HM366552), with nucleotide homology of 98.5% a","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"36 4","pages":"361-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Surveillance of parasitic infections in market-sold aquatic products and knowledge and practice towards food-borne parasitic diseases among residents in Shanghai Municipality from 2020 to 2023].","authors":"S Dai, Q Yu, Z Wang, Y Zhang, J Yang, Z Wei, X Ma, Q Zhu, J Chen, H Pan, H Wu","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024021","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the prevalence of parasitic infections in market-sold aquatic products in Shanghai Municipality, and to understand the knowledge and practice towards food-borne parasitic diseases among residents, so as to provide insights into the surveillance and control of food-borne parasitic diseases.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Freshwater products, seawater products and pickled products were randomly obtained from agricultural trade markets, supermarkets, retail stores and restaurants in Huangpu, Putuo, Minhang and Qingpu districts of Shanghai Municipality from 2020 to 2023. Parasite metacercariae and larvae were detected in these aquatic products using pressing method, digestion method and the dissection method, and the detection of parasitic infection was compared in different types of aquatic products. In addition, the knowledge and practice towards food-borne parasitic diseases were investigated among residents aged 10-80 years old who randomly selected from agricultural trade markets, supermarkets, community streets and other population concentration areas in these four districts by questionnaire in 2023, and the awareness of food-borne parasitic diseases knowledge and percentage of healthy behaviors formation were analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 2 109 aquatic products sampled from Huangpu, Putuo, Minhang and Qingpu districts of Shanghai Municipality from 2020 to 2023 were detected, and there were 317 products detected with parasitic infections, with an overall detection rate of 15.03%. There were 8 products detected with parasitic infections in 1 221 freshwater products, with a detection rate of 0.66%, and &lt;i&gt;Clonorchis sinensis&lt;/i&gt; was the predominant parasite, which was detected in &lt;i&gt;Pseudorasbora parva&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Rhodeus amarus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Carassius auratus&lt;/i&gt;. There were 82 products detected with parasitic infections in 501 seawater products, with a detection rate of 16.37%, and &lt;i&gt;Anisakis&lt;/i&gt; was the predominant parasite, which was detected in &lt;i&gt;Trichiurus lepturus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Larimichthys polyactis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Pneumatophorus japonicus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Collchthys lucidus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Mugil cephalus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Larimichthys crocea&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Scomberomorus niphonius&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Stromateoides argenteus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Cololabis saira&lt;/i&gt;. There were 227 products detected with parasitic infections in 387 pickled products, with a detection rate of 58.66%, and the prevalence rates of &lt;i&gt;Echinostoma metacercariae&lt;/i&gt; were 76.27% (225/295) in &lt;i&gt;Bullacta exarata&lt;/i&gt; and 11.11% (2/18) in crab pastes, respectively (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 159.511, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). No &lt;i&gt;Paragonimus&lt;/i&gt; infection was found in freshwater shrimps, crabs and pickled products, and no &lt;i&gt;Diphyllobothrium latum&lt;/i&gt; larvae infection was detected in freshwater and seawater fish. Questionnaire surveys showed that the awareness of food-borne parasitic diseases knowledge was 79.00% (222/281), and the percentages of washing hands before and after meals,","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"36 6","pages":"631-636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in detection methods for fish-borne parasites in aquatic products].","authors":"Y Zhang, Z Wang, J Chen, Q Yu","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Consumption of raw and semi-raw aquatic products is strongly associated with the development of fish-borne parasitic diseases. Detection of fish-borne parasites in aquatic products is of great significance for the prevention and control of fish-borne parasitic diseases. This review describes the advances in the application of etiological, molecular biological and immunological techniques alone and in combinations for detection of fish-borne parasites, so as to provide insights into detection of fish-borne parasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"36 4","pages":"428-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023].","authors":"F Li, D Yu, H Liang, C Yang, G Yang, J Yang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of the visceral leishmaniasis control strategy in the province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All epidemiological features of confirmed and clinically diagnosed cases of visceral leishmaniasis reported in Gansu Province from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2023 were retrieved from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the epidemiological characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis cases were analyzed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 280 visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported in 39 counties (cities and districts) of Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023, including 258 local cases reported in 21 endemic counties (districts) and 22 imported cases reported in 18 non-endemic areas. Of the 280 cases, there were 262 cases with mountain type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL), 12 cases with desert-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (DT-ZVL), and 6 cases with unknown type. Re-emerging MT-ZVL occurred in Maiji District, Qinzhou District, Lixian County, Kangxian County, Zhenyuan County, Qin'an County and Yongjing County, and re-emerging DT-ZVL occurred in Dunhuang City, while emerging DT-ZVL occurred in Yumen City. The five counties (districts) reporting the highest number of visceral leishmaniasis cases included Wudu District, Wenxian County, Tanchang County, Zhouqu County and Diebu County, and a total of 220 cases were reported in these five counties, accounting for 78.57% of all visceral leishmaniasis cases in the province. Visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported each month throughout the year, with the peak in July. All reported visceral leishmaniasis cases had ages of 6 months to 81 years, including 50.71% (142/280) under 15 years of age, 49.29% (138/280) at ages of 15 years and older, and of all cases under 15 years of age, children at ages of 0 to 3 years were the most commonly affected (27.14%, 76/280). Among 280 visceral leishmaniasis cases, there were 173 males and 107 females with a male to female ratio of 1.62∶1, and farmer was the most common occupation (40.36%), followed by diaspora children (37.86%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis appeared an overall tendency towards a decline in Gansu Province from 2017 to 2023; however, there are still multiple challenges for visceral leishmaniasis control in the province. Reinforced dog monitoring and management, intensified human health education and improved capability building among professionals are recommended to manage the rebounding and spread of visceral leishmaniasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"36 4","pages":"339-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence and genetic characteristics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infections among HIV-positive individuals in Jiangxi Province].","authors":"Z Hu, L Lu, Y Yu, L Li, W Wang, G Fan, C Feng, Y Zheng, G Peng","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection and the distribution of parasite species and genotypes among HIV-positive individuals in Jiangxi Province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HIV-positive individuals' sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from three AIDS designated hospitals in Jiangxi Province from January 2022 to March 2023. Subjects' stool samples were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from stool samples. Nested PCR assay was performed based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (<i>SSU rRNA</i>) gene of <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, and <i>Cryptosporidium gp60</i> gene was amplified in stool samples positive for the <i>SSU rRNA</i> gene. The second-round PCR amplification product was checked with 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis, and the products of suspected positive amplifications were sequenced, followed by sequence alignment. The phylogenetic tree was created using the Neighbor-Joining method with the software MEGA 11.0, to characterize the species, genotypes and sub-genotypes of <i>Cryptosporidium</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 382 HIV-positive individuals were enrolled, with two cases identified with <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection (0.52% prevalence), and both cases had no abdominal pain or diarrhea. Following sequencing and sequence alignment, the gene sequences of these two <i>Cryptosporidium</i> isolates shared 99.76% and 99.88% similarity with the gene sequence of <i>C. meleagridis</i> isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on the <i>Cryptosporidium SSU rRNA</i> gene sequence identified the species of these two <i>Cryptosporidium</i>-positive stool samples as <i>C. meleagridis</i>. Following nested PCR amplification of the <i>Cryptosporidium gp60</i> gene, sequencing and sequence alignment, the two <i>C. meleagridis</i> isolates were characterized as III eA17G2R1 and III bA25G1R1a sub-genotypes, and the sub-genotype III bA25G1R1a was firstly described in humans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> is low among HIV-positive individuals in Jiangxi Province. The likelihood of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> infection cannot be neglected among HIV-positive individuals without diarrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"36 6","pages":"637-642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development and preliminary application of a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four intestinal parasites in goats].","authors":"Y Li, X Mu, H Xu, X Luo, R Yu, X Xu, L Yang, X Yu, Y Hong","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024046","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To develop a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four intestinal parasites, including &lt;i&gt;Giardia duodenalis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Cryptosporidium parvum&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Enterocytozoon bieneusi&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Moniezia&lt;/i&gt;, and to preliminarily evaluate its detection efficiency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Four pairs of specific primers were designed based on the conserved sequences of the corresponding genes of &lt;i&gt;G. duodenalis&lt;/i&gt; (GenBank accession number: XM_001710026.2), &lt;i&gt;C. parvum&lt;/i&gt; (GenBank accession number: XM_626998.1), &lt;i&gt;E. bieneusi&lt;/i&gt; (GenBank accession number: KJ719492.1) and &lt;i&gt;Moniezia&lt;/i&gt; (GenBank accession number: OM296991.1) retrieved from the GenBank database, and a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of &lt;i&gt;G. duodenalis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;C. parvum&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;E. bieneusi&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Moniezia&lt;/i&gt; was developed and optimized. A total of 116 fresh goat stool samples were collected from four goat farms in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province during the period from October to December 2022, including 96 samples used for evaluating the detection efficacy of the multiplex PCR assay, and 20 samples as baseline controls for sample testing. Genomic DNA extracted from 96 goat stool samples was tested using the single-target PCR assay and the developed multiplex PCR assay, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the multiplex PCR assay were evaluated for detection of &lt;i&gt;G. duodenalis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;C. parvum&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;E. bieneusi&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Moniezia&lt;/i&gt; DNA in goat stool samples with the single-target PCR assay as the gold standard.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The multiplex PCR assay developed in this study allowed simultaneous amplification of specific gene fragments of &lt;i&gt;G. duodenalis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;C. parvum&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;E. bieneusi&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Moniezia&lt;/i&gt;, with 1 400, 755, 314 bp and 585 bp in sizes, respectively, and the detection limit was 10&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and higher copies of parasite DNA clones, while the multiplex PCR assay was negative for gene amplification of &lt;i&gt;Schistosoma japonicum&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Fasciola hepatica&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Echinococcus granulosus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Blastocystis hominis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Homalogaster paloniae&lt;/i&gt;. Single-target PCR assay and the developed multiplex PCR assay were employed to test DNA samples extracted from 96 goat stool samples, and single-target PCR assay tested positive in 40 goat stool samples (41.67%), including 39 positive samples tested with the multiplex PCR assay, with a mean coincidence rate of 97.50% (39/40). The multiplex PCR assay tested positive for &lt;i&gt;G. duodenalis&lt;/i&gt; DNA in 26 goat stool samples (27.10%), &lt;i&gt;C. parvum&lt;/i&gt; DNA in 22 samples (22.90%), &lt;i&gt;E. bieneusi&lt;/i&gt; DNA in 24 samples (25.00%), and &lt;i&gt;Moniezia&lt;/i&gt; in 9 samples (9.40%), which was consistent with the detection using the single-target PCR assay. The sensitivity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of the multiplex PCR assay were 96.15%, 95.83%, 100.00% and 100.0","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"中国血吸虫病防治杂志","volume":"36 4","pages":"376-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Auxiliary diagnostic value of T cells spot test of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly].","authors":"R Huang, S Li, C Wang","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the auxiliary diagnostic value of T cells spot test of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection (T-SPOT.TB) for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 173 elderly patients at ages of 60 years and older and with suspected tuberculosis that were admitted to People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during the period from October 2022 through February 2024 were enrolled, and all patients underwent T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests. The etiological tests of MTB served as a gold standard, and the diagnostic values of T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests for pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were compared among the elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 173 elderly patients suspected of tuberculosis, there were 44 patients definitely diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, 30 cases with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, and 99 cases without tuberculosis. The sensitivities of T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests were 86.5%, 27.0% and 54.1% for diagnosis of tuberculosis. The sensitivities of T-SPOT.TB were 86.4% and 86.7% for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, with an 80.8% specificity for diagnosis of tuberculosis. The sensitivities of GeneXpert MTB/RIF were 56.8% and 50.0% for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, with a 100.0% specificity each, and the sensitivities of acid fast staining were 31.8% and 20.0% for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, with a 100.0% specificity each. In addition, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.836, 0.635 and 0.770 for diagnosis of tuberculosis with T-SPOT.TB, acid fast staining and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests among the elderly patients, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T-SPOT.TB has a high auxiliary diagnostic value for both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis among elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 3","pages":"310-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141477575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Molecular tracing of <i>Biomphalaria straminea</i> in China].","authors":"L Duan, L Qu, Y Guo, W Gu, S Lü, Y Zhang, X Zhou","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the origin of <i>Biomphalaria straminea</i> in China, so as to provide insights into assessment of schistosomiasis mansoni transmission risk and <i>B. straminea</i> control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Guanlan River, Dasha River, Shenzhen Reservoir, upper and lower reaches of Kuiyong River, and Xinzhen River in Shenzhen, China, were selected as sampling sites. Ten <i>Biomphalaria</i> samples were collected from each site, and genomic DNA was extracted from <i>Biomphalaria</i> samples. DNA samples were obtained from 15 <i>B. straminea</i> sampled from 5 sampling sites in Minas Gerais State, Pará State, Federal District, Pernambuco State, and Sao Paulo State in Brazil, South America. Cytochrome c oxidase I (<i>COI</i>) and mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA (<i>16S rRNA</i>) genes were sampled using the above DNA templates, and the amplified products were sequenced. The <i>COI</i> and <i>16S rRNA</i> gene sequences were downloaded from GenBank, and the sampling sites were acquired. All <i>COI</i> and 1<i>6S rRNA</i> gene sequences were aligned and evolutionary trees of <i>B. straminea</i> were created based on <i>COI</i> and <i>16S rRNA</i> gene sequences to identify the genetic similarity and evolutionary relationship between <i>B. straminea</i> samples from China and South America.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 60 <i>COI</i> gene sequences with a length of 529 bp and 3 haplotypes were obtained from <i>B. straminea</i> sampled from China. There were 165 <i>COI</i> gene sequences of <i>B. straminea</i> retrieved from GenBank, and following alignment with the above 60 gene sequences, a total of 33 haplotypes were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the three haplotypes of <i>B. straminea</i> from China were clustered into one clade, among which the haplotype China11 and three <i>B. straminea</i> samples from Brazil retrieved from GenBank belonged to the same haplotype. Geographical evolution analysis showed that the <i>B. straminea</i> samples from three sampling sites along eastern coasts of Brazil had the same haplotype with China11, and <i>B. straminea</i> samples from other two sampling sites were closely, genetically related to China11. A total of 60 <i>16S rDNA</i> gene sequences with approximately 322 bp in length were amplified from <i>B. straminea</i> in China, with 2 haplotypes identified. A total of 70 <i>16S rDNA</i> gene sequences of <i>B. straminea</i> were captured from GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis showed that <i>Biomphalaria</i> snails collected from China were clustered into a clade, and the haplotype China64 and the haplotype 229BS from Brazil shared the same haplotype. The 49 <i>16S rDNA</i> gene sequences of <i>B. straminea</i> from 25 sampling sites in southern Brazil, which were captured from GenBank, were included in the present analysis, and the <i>B. straminea</i> from 3 sampling sites shared the same haplotype with China64 in China. Geographical evolution","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 3","pages":"272-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141477586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of the CRISPR/Cas system in gene editing and nucleic acid detection of parasitic diseases: a review].","authors":"S Yan, S Yang, H Yang, Y Xin, B Xu, W Hu, Y Lu, B Zheng","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CRISPR/Cas system, an adaptive immune system with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, may interfere with exogenous nucleic acids and protect prokaryotes from external damages, is an effective gene editing and nucleic acid detection tools. The CRISPR/Cas system has been widely applied in virology and bacteriology; however, there is relatively less knowledge about the application of the CRISPR/Cas system in parasitic diseases. The review summarizes the mechanisms of action of the CRISPR/Cas system and provides a comprehensive overview of their application in gene editing and nucleic acid detection of parasitic diseases, so as to provide insights into future studies on parasitic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 3","pages":"314-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141477643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of oxymatrine on <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> infection in mice based on the HMGB1-TLR2/TLR4-NF-κB pathway].","authors":"J Shi, R Ji, Z Guan, X Zhang, Y Lu","doi":"10.16250/j.32.1374.2024019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16250/j.32.1374.2024019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the involvement of the high mobility group box protein B1 (HMGB1)-Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/TLR4-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway in the intestinal mucosal injury induced by <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> infection, and to examine the effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on <i>C. parvum infection</i> in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty SPF 4-week-old BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups, including the control group, infection group, glycyrrhizin (GA) group and OMT group. Each mouse was orally administered with 1 × 10⁵ <i>C. parvum</i> oocysts one week in the infection, GA and OMT groups following dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression to model <i>C. parvum</i> intestinal infections in mice. Upon successful modeling, mice in the GA group were intraperitoneally injected with GA at a daily dose of 25.9 mL/kg for successive two weeks, and animals in the OMT group were orally administered OMT at a daily dose of 50 mg/kg for successive two weeks, while mice in the control group were given normal food and water. All mice were sacrificed two weeks post-treatment, and proximal jejunal tissues were sampled. The pathological changes of mouse intestinal mucosal specimens were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the mouse intestinal villous height, intestinal crypt depth and the ratio of intestinal villous height to intestinal crypt depth were measured. The occludin and zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO1) expression was determined in mouse intestinal epithelial cells using immunohistochemistry, and the relative expression of <i>HMGB1</i>, <i>TLR2</i>, <i>TLR4</i>, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (<i>MyD88</i>) and <i>NF-κB p65 mRNA</i> was quantified in mouse jejunal tissues using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HE staining showed that the mouse intestinal villi were obviously atrophic, shortened, and detached, and the submucosal layer of the mouse intestine was edematous in the infection group as compared with the control group, while the mouse intestinal villi tended to be structurally intact and neatly arranged in the GA and OMT groups. There were significant differences among the four groups in terms of the mouse intestinal villous height (<i>F</i> = 6.207, <i>P</i> = 0.000 5), intestinal crypt depth (<i>F</i> = 6.903, <i>P</i> = 0.000 3) and the ratio of intestinal villous height to intestinal crypt depth (<i>F</i> = 37.190, <i>P</i> < 0.000 1). The mouse intestinal villous height was lower in the infection group than in the control group [(321.9 ± 41.1) μm vs. (399.5 ± 30.9) μm; <i>t</i> = 4.178, <i>P</i> < 0.01] and the GA group [(321.9 ± 41.1) μm vs. (383.7 ± 42.7) μm; <i>t</i> = 3.130, <i>P</i> < 0.01], and the mouse intestinal crypt depth was greater in the infection group [(185.0 ± 35.9) μm] than in the control group [(128.4 ± 23.6) μm] (<i>t</i> = 3.877, <i>P</i> < 0.01) and GA group [(143.3 ± 24.7) μm] ","PeriodicalId":38874,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control","volume":"36 3","pages":"286-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141477582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}