Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports最新文献

{"title":"Water‐Induced Modulation of Bipolaron Formation in N-type Polymeric Mixed Conductors","authors":"Jokūbas Surgailis ,&nbsp;Prem D. Nayak ,&nbsp;Lucas Q. Flagg ,&nbsp;Christina J. Kousseff ,&nbsp;Iain McCulloch ,&nbsp;Lee J. Richter ,&nbsp;Sahika Inal","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>N-type organic mixed ion-electron conductors (OMIECs) are a unique class of organic materials, capable of both transporting and coupling cations and electrons. While important for various devices operating in an aqueous electrolyte, understanding n-type mixed conduction remains challenging due to a lack of comprehensive data, which impedes the rational design of high performance electronic materials. Using a diverse array of in situ spectroscopy techniques, including an electrochemical spectro-gravimetric tool, Raman spectroscopy, and grazing-incidence wide angle X-Ray scattering, we investigate the electrochemical doping of two polymeric n-type OMIECs with differing oligoether side chain length. We find that the polymer films swell drastically during electrochemical reduction, with electrolyte uptake scaling proportionally to the length of the polar side chains, ultimately disrupting the crystalline structure. Electrolyte ingress in the film has two important consequences. First, the extent of water uptake during reduction governs the nature of polaronic species formed at the same doping voltage, which we studied by varying aqueous salt concentration and using ionic liquid electrolytes. Second, swelling regulates oxygen reduction reaction rates, revealing the importance of side-chain chemistry in controlling the electrochemical side reactions of the OMIECs. This study underscores the critical role of water, traditionally perceived as a passive element, in influencing the optoelectronic and electrochemical properties of OMIEC films and suggests in situ electrolyte permeation as a crucial material specification when designing n-type devices for electrochromic displays, energy storage, and catalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100944"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143274338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substitutional doping of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides for device applications: Current status, challenges and prospects","authors":"Rajeev Kumar ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Shringi ,&nbsp;Hannah Jane Wood ,&nbsp;Ivy M. Asuo ,&nbsp;Seda Oturak ,&nbsp;David Emanuel Sanchez ,&nbsp;Tata Sanjay Kanna Sharma ,&nbsp;Rajneesh Chaurasiya ,&nbsp;Avanish Mishra ,&nbsp;Won Mook Choi ,&nbsp;Nutifafa Y. Doumon ,&nbsp;Ismaila Dabo ,&nbsp;Mauricio Terrones ,&nbsp;Fei Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as a class of materials with exceptional electronic, optical, and mechanical properties, making them highly tunable for diverse applications in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and catalysis. This review focuses on substitutional doping of TMDs, a key strategy to tailor their properties and enhance device performance, with a focus on its applications over the past five years (2019–2024). We delve into both theoretical and experimental doping approaches, including established methods like chemical vapor transport (CVT) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) alongside liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) and post-synthesis treatments. Advanced growth techniques are also explored. Challenges like dopant uniformity, concentration control, and stability are addressed. The influence of various dopants on the electronic band structure, carrier concentration, and defect engineering is analyzed in detail. We further explore recent advancements in utilizing doped TMDs for field-effect transistors (FETs), photodetectors, sensors, photovoltaics, optoelectronic devices, energy storage and conversion, and even quantum computers. By examining both the potential and limitations of substitutional doping, this review aims to propel future research and technological advancements in this exciting field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-switchable electrolyte with desirable phase transition behavior for thermal protection of lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Chunchun Sang ,&nbsp;Kehan Le ,&nbsp;Kean Chen ,&nbsp;Qijun Luo ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Yongjin Fang ,&nbsp;Xinping Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal runaway is a primary safety concern for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). To alleviate this concern, we propose here a temperature-switchable electrolyte (TSE) for reversible thermal protection of LIBs, based on the low critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior of poly (phenethyl methacrylate) in imidazolium-based ionic liquids. Our study reveals that the LCST of this electrolyte strongly depends on the ion-dipole interactions between polymer and ionic liquid. To enable a more reliable thermal control, we regulate the ion-dipole interactions by tailoring the electrolyte composition including alkyl chain length on the imidazolium cation, mixing ratio of two different ionic liquids, as well as polymer and lithium salt concentrations. Consequently, the as-obtained TSE demonstrates an optimal LCST (85 °C) and a rapid phase transition speed (within 5 seconds at 85 °C). Once the temperature exceeds 85 °C, the polymer rapidly precipitates from the TSE and deposits onto the electrode and separator surfaces due to the LCST-type phase transition, forming a blocking layer to interrupt ion transport between the two electrodes and thereby to halt electrode reactions. When the temperature drops below 85 °C, the polymer re-dissolves in the electrolyte to resume ion transport and electrode reactions, thus providing reversible thermal protection and preventing the battery from thermal runaway. This study offers new insights for developing reversible temperature-responsive electrolytes and therefore thermally self-protected LIBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143275248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air-breathing cathode for aluminum–air battery: From architecture to fabrication and evaluation","authors":"Yejian Xue ,&nbsp;Jiashu Yuan ,&nbsp;Xuewen Yu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Sun ,&nbsp;Houcheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiujun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yonggao Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum–air battery is a kind of energy storage device use aluminum metal as negative material and oxygen in atmosphere as positive reactant, and it is also usually called a power generation device of semi-fuel cell. It has received great interest in both industrial and academic field owing to the high theoretical energy density, low cost, abundant aluminum reserves. In the more than 60 years since the first Al–air battery was invented in 1962, a series of Al–air battery such as aqueous primary battery, hydrogel-based primary battery, non-aqueous and aqueous rechargeable secondary battery, have been extensively studied from a fundamental research perspective. At the same time, from a practical application perspective, development and its application of prototype has experienced two major waves of research enthusiasm: first boom led by Alupower (a subsidiary of Alcan) from 1980 to 1995 after the 1973 oil embargo; another sparked by Alcoa and Phinergy since 2014. At present, aluminum has gradually been recognized as one of the important energy carriers. For Al–air battery, the air-cathode is one of the core components in battery, which affects the electrochemical performance and service life of battery. In this review, the principle &amp; features, development history, and recent research progress of Al–air battery are systematically summarized. Specifically, the air-breathing cathode (covering architecture structure, gas diffusion layer, current collecting layer, catalyst layer and oxygen reduction catalyst), fabrication process, test &amp; evaluation are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the existing technical hurdles and recommended future research perspectives of air-breathing cathode in Al–air battery are summarized and proposed to stimulate broader interest of researchers and engineers, and attempt to provide some insights for future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First demonstration of monolithic CMOS based on 4-inch three-layer MoTe2","authors":"Yan Hu ,&nbsp;Chuming Sheng ,&nbsp;Zhejia Zhang ,&nbsp;Qicheng Sun ,&nbsp;Jinshu Zhang ,&nbsp;Saifei Gou ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiangqi Dong ,&nbsp;Mingrui Ao ,&nbsp;Yuchen Tian ,&nbsp;Xinliu He ,&nbsp;Haojie Chen ,&nbsp;Die Wang ,&nbsp;Yufei Song ,&nbsp;Jieya Shang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjie Zhou ,&nbsp;Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Wenzhong Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, which possess atomic-scale thickness and superior electrostatic control, have been identified as the most promising channel material candidates for sub-1 nm technology nodes. Most researches on 2D materials complementary metal oxide semiconductors (2D CMOS) have encountered several challenges, including the lack of effective doping approaches and incompatibility with Si-CMOS processes, which have hindered the further development of 2D semiconductor-based integrated circuits (2D-ICs). Here, we present the fabrication of 4-inch wafer-scale MoTe₂ CMOS inverter arrays, based on a top-gate transistor architecture for MoTe₂ film with three-layer thickness. Following the co-optimization of contact and top-gate processes, the MoTe₂ CMOS exhibited a voltage gain of approximately 35. This work demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating wafer-scale CMOS 2D-ICs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100938"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid organic-inorganic functional nanocomposites: From basis to applications in stretchable sensing and energy devices","authors":"Altynay Kaidarova ,&nbsp;Viktor Naenen ,&nbsp;Ruben Windey ,&nbsp;Nick Goossens ,&nbsp;Tanmay Sinha ,&nbsp;Vijitha Ignatious ,&nbsp;Bokai Zhang ,&nbsp;Tim P. Mach ,&nbsp;Martine Wevers ,&nbsp;Jozef Vleugels ,&nbsp;Francisco Molina-Lopez","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid organic-inorganic functional nanocomposites are crucial in advancing electronics, biomedicine, and environmental science. These multifunctional and multiphase systems combine flexibility and stretchability with a broad spectrum of functional properties. This review delves into the fundamental (di)electric, thermal, and mechanical properties of these materials; the recent developments in their design and processing; and their application in strain, pressure, thermal sensing, energy harvesting, and energy storage. First, emphasis is placed on the role of nanofiller dimensions, spatial distribution, and interface interactions in enhancing material functionalities through meticulous control of the filler loading described by the universal percolation theory. Then, essential stages in nanocomposite fabrication, such as dispersion and deposition, are explored, as those significantly affect final properties. Finally, the review examines reported applications in stretchable electronics, such as mechanical sensors (piezo- and thermoresistive), energy harvesters (photovoltaic, piezoelectric, and thermoelectric), and energy storage devices (nanodielectric and electrochemical). Design strategies to balance functionality and stretchability are discussed, providing a roadmap for future research and development in this vibrant field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in implantable capsule robots for monitoring and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases","authors":"Xiaofeng Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Xu ,&nbsp;Yanlong Ren ,&nbsp;Ying Yuan ,&nbsp;Fei Deng ,&nbsp;Wei Gao ,&nbsp;Zheng Lou ,&nbsp;Xian-Tao Song ,&nbsp;Hao Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Han ,&nbsp;Lili Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gastrointestinal tract is a crucial organ system that performs a series of important physiological functions, including the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients from ingested food. Digestive system diseases, including various conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract, are common and significant sources of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The emergence of swallowable capsule robots offers a non-invasive approach to the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, reducing the risks associated with traditional endoscopy, imaging, and surgical procedures. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the design and classification of swallowable capsule robots, highlighting their advantages over conventional devices in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal diseases. We focus on the latest developments in ingestible capsule robots, including those designed for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases, capsule robots for the treatment of gastrointestinal conditions, and capsule robots capable of performing tissue biopsies and microbiological sampling from the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, we evaluate the technical challenges and future opportunities for the clinical application of ingestible capsule robotic devices, while providing recommendations for the functional design and material selection of next-generation swallowable capsule robots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Versatile polymer-supported argyrodite-type sulfide solid electrolyte membranes for energy-dense lithium batteries","authors":"Yijie Yan ,&nbsp;Shuxian Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingyu Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoge Man ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Jiang ,&nbsp;Shijian Xiong ,&nbsp;Chaolin Mi ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Chengxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Xiao ,&nbsp;Longwei Yin ,&nbsp;Rutao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density and inherent safety. They have been touted as a solution to satisfy the surging demands in energy and safety from electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles and portable electronics. Despite the successful exploration of various advanced electrode materials for fabricating high-performance ASSLBs, solid electrolyte (SE) layer is one of the most important and easily overlooked factors in determining the energy density of ASSLBs. Recently, the construction of versatile polymer-supported SE membranes has emerged as a key path towards practical energy-dense all-solid-state pouch batteries, facilitating large-scale high-efficiency production and commercial application of ASSLBs. However, substantial uncertainties persist in the multidimensional polymer construction strategies and high-throughput controllable manufacturing processes. In this review, on the basis of commercially viable argyrodite-type sulfide solid electrolytes (ASSEs), we provide a comprehensive overview of the construction and fabrication strategies of ASSE membranes, and analyses the changes of the physicochemical properties of ASSE membranes by polymers. We assess possible application scenarios including all-solid-state pouch batteries and bipolar-type batteries as well as emphasize the importance of operating under low-pressure conditions. Finally, we present a future vision of energy-dense ASSLBs and high-performance functionalized ASSE membranes beyond tradition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rise of eco-friendly electronics: Exploring wearable paper-based electroanalytical devices","authors":"Joseph Benjamin Holman ,&nbsp;Ayobami Elisha Oseyemi ,&nbsp;Mkliwa Koumbia ,&nbsp;Zhengdi Shi ,&nbsp;Chengpan Li ,&nbsp;Weiping Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental concerns with conventional plastics have urged the development of sustainable wearable devices. Paper-based wearables offer a compelling alternative due to their affordability, disposability, biocompatibility, and tunable surface properties. This review explores the crucial mechanical and biological aspects of paper for wearable applications. We summarized the characteristics of wearable paper-based electroanalytical devices (WePEDs) and strategies for modifying cellulose for specific functionalities. Furthermore, we examined the components of WePEDs, including sampling/preprocessing units, sensors, and integrated electronics. We then explored their potential applications in health monitoring. Finally, we discussed the challenges that need to be addressed for widespread adoption of paper-based wearable devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100939"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive manufacturing for biomedical bone implants: Shaping the future of bones","authors":"Muhammad Hassan Razzaq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Usama Zaheer ,&nbsp;Humaira Asghar ,&nbsp;O. Cenk Aktas ,&nbsp;Mehmet Fatih Aycan ,&nbsp;Yogendra Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perpetual innovation in technology, materials and processes has ushered in a new era of significant advancements in biomedical implants, which are critical for reestablishing functional capacity for patients affected with skeletal injuries or diseases. Traditional manufacturing methodologies are constrained by lack of customization, suboptimal biocompatibility, and mechanical incompatibility; however, additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing, is revolutionizing biomedical bone implants by addressing these critical challenges. This article provides a historical perspective on AM, an in-depth analysis of its various technologies and evaluates their suitability for producing different types of bone implants, including orthopedic, dental, craniofacial, spinal, joint, and maxillofacial implants. Material selection is a crucial aspect of implant fabrication, encompassing considerations from both the additive manufacturing processes and biocompatibility perspectives, so the use of metals, polymers, ceramics, composites and bioinks in AM is discussed, emphasizing their biocompatibility and mechanical properties. Moreover, this review examines the intricate design considerations for custom implants, including topological optimization, biomimetic designs and the crucial role of CAD and 3D modeling in crafting implants with desired porosity, surface roughness, and mechanical properties followed by surface modification strategies, including the deployment of bioactive coatings and advanced treatment modalities, engineered to augment osseointegration and modulate biological responses for improved implant integration. Furthermore, this review also examines the multifaceted challenges currently impeding the advancement of Additive Manufacturing in bone implant production, including substantial cost implications, pressing demands for novel material development, and the imperative for vigilant process optimization. On top of that, the potential integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is presented as a promising avenue for enhancing design processes, optimizing manufacturing parameters, and improving quality control. In conclusion, this paper highlights the significant advancements that Additive Manufacturing brings to the field of biomedical bone implants. By enabling the creation of customized, high-performance implants tailored to the specific needs of individual patients, AM promises to transform orthopedic care and related medical disciplines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143160813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}