Ziyan Liu , Qingyuan Zhao , Yuting Song , Shin-ichi Sasaki , Ayumi Ishii , Naoyuki Shibayama , Xianzhao Wang , Masashi Ikegami , Nao Saito , Shengnan Duan , Hitoshi Tamiaki , Tsutomu Miyasaka , Xiao-Feng Wang
{"title":"Achieving high-performance bio-inspired perovskite solar cells via molecular-level dual-function interface engineering","authors":"Ziyan Liu , Qingyuan Zhao , Yuting Song , Shin-ichi Sasaki , Ayumi Ishii , Naoyuki Shibayama , Xianzhao Wang , Masashi Ikegami , Nao Saito , Shengnan Duan , Hitoshi Tamiaki , Tsutomu Miyasaka , Xiao-Feng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) employing bio-inspired chlorophyll (Chl)-based hole transport materials (HTMs) is frequently limited by interfacial losses and non-radiative recombination. We address this challenge through a molecular-level interface engineering strategy, implementing a novel dopant-free, dual-function polymeric HTM. Synthesized via electrochemical polymerization, the polymeric copper serinyl pyropheophorbide-<em>a</em> features an extended π-conjugated framework for efficient hole extraction. Subsequent surface modification with trifluoroacetate anions at the amino acid terminals generates Lewis base sites that coordinate with undercoordinated Pb<sup>2 +</sup> ions at the HTM/perovskite interface, enabling simultaneous defect passivation and crystallization control. The optimized devices achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.5 %—a record for Chl-based HTMs—with an exceptional fill factor of 85.3 %. Crucially, these PSCs demonstrate outstanding operational stability, retaining 93.2 % of their initial PCE after 2700 h under ambient conditions (unencapsulated). By elucidating the structure-property-performance relationships, this work not only underscores the significant potential of dopant-free Chl-derived materials for next-generation photovoltaics but also provides generalizable insights into multifunctional interfacial modification for highly efficient and stable perovskite devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 101129"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cutting-edge strategies for efficient low-concentration CO2 photoreduction","authors":"Huilin Hou, Dongjiang Yang, Weiyou Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction offers a promising route to address climate change while producing sustainable solar fuels. However, achieving efficient conversion under low CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, especially at atmospheric levels near 400 ppm, remains highly challenging due to sluggish kinetics, limited accessibility of active sites, and complex multi-electron pathways. This review critically evaluates recent advances in photocatalyst design and application-oriented strategies that seek to overcome these limitations. High-surface-area frameworks such as MOFs and COFs, defect-engineered nanosheets, and conjugated porous polymers have been developed to enhance CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption and charge carrier dynamics. Additional strategies to improve light harvesting and charge separation include noble metal modification and heterojunction construction. Application-oriented approaches are also highlighted, including the integration of photocatalysis with direct air capture and the design of catalysts that maintain activity in the presence of O<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>X</sub>, and other impurities. Despite progress, CO remains the dominant product under dilute conditions, while selective formation of C<sub>2+</sub> products remains rare and energy intensive. Future progress will require rationally designed hierarchical architectures, multifunctional catalysts, and in situ mechanistic investigations. Artificial intelligence and high-throughput screening are emerging as powerful tools for accelerating discovery. Together, these strategies define a roadmap toward scalable CO<sub>2</sub> conversion technologies under realistic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 101136"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145332894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Song Luo , Xiaohe Tian , Li Pan , Runhua Zhou , Shunda Zhu , Zuyi Yan , Kui Rao , Bo Liu , Shaofei Wang , Hong Wu
{"title":"Humidity/photothermal dual-responsive TpPa-SO3H/Ag@MXene actuator for intelligent thermal management","authors":"Song Luo , Xiaohe Tian , Li Pan , Runhua Zhou , Shunda Zhu , Zuyi Yan , Kui Rao , Bo Liu , Shaofei Wang , Hong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing severity of urban heat islands, personal thermal management (PTM) has emerged as a critical solution for maintaining human thermophysiological comfort in dynamic environments. Traditional air conditioning systems are energy-intensive and lack individualized control, highlighting the need for efficient, low-energy PTM strategies. Current PTM materials often operate in static modes, limiting their adaptability to varying conditions. To overcome this, we developed a Janus-structured humidity-photothermal actuator (TpPa-SO₃H/Ag@M) by integrating a TpPa-SO₃H covalent organic framework (COF) for rapid water transport and a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-intercalated MXene (Ag@M) for humidity gradient formation and enhanced photothermal conversion. The COF layer facilitates moisture accumulation, while the Ag@M laminar structure delays water diffusion, enabling a sensitive humidity response. AgNPs expand the MXene interlayer spacing, improving water uptake and response efficiency by triple compared to initial TpPa-SO₃H/MXene systems, while also preventing structural collapse during cycling. Additionally, AgNPs enables strong solar absorption, boosting photothermal performance. Under combined humidity and light stimulation, the Janus actuator exhibits dynamic bending, enabling autonomous sweat evaporation and body temperature regulation without external energy input. This dual-responsive design offers a promising approach for adaptive, energy-efficient PTM in extreme environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 101125"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultra- and high-performance polymers for material extrusion additive manufacturing: Recent advancements, challenges, and optimization perspectives","authors":"Nectarios Vidakis , Markos Petousis , Maria Spyridaki , Nikolaos Mountakis , Evgenia Dimitriou , Nikolaos Michailidis","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Material extrusion-based additive manufacturing (MEXAM) has emerged as a transformative technology for ultra-performance polymers (UPPs) and high-performance polymers (HPPs), enabling their use in demanding applications across diverse industries such as aerospace, automotive, medical, and defense. Their high strength-to-weight ratio, heat resistance, chemical stability, and performance retention under harsh conditions perfectly match the high potential of additive manufacturing for cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and adaptability. Among the most studied UPPs/HPPs, Polyimide (PΙ), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) have gained substantial attention due to their printability and superior functional properties. Despite these advantages, MEXAM of UPPs and HPPs presents considerable challenges. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular, rheological, thermal, and structural characteristics of UPPs/HPPs and their major composites that influence their printability and performance. A comparative evaluation of their advantages and limitations is presented, along with a discussion on recent advancements in process optimization. Research efforts for the optimization of MEXAM process control parameters were reviewed and interpreted. Furthermore, this work explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted optimization strategies to enhance processing efficiency and material properties. This study identifies key research gaps and highlights opportunities for future advancements in the field of MEXAM for UPPs and HPPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 101086"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subhasmita Swain , Ashutosh Kumar Dubey , Tapash R. Rautray
{"title":"Unveiling the biomaterial facet of polarized piezoelectric sodium potassium niobate: A comprehensive study","authors":"Subhasmita Swain , Ashutosh Kumar Dubey , Tapash R. Rautray","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fabrication of electro-active bone substitute materials has sparked a significant attention due to the intrinsic electrical characteristics of bone<strong>.</strong> Recent studies have focused on improving the interaction between biomaterials and bone, recognizing its critical role in implant functionality. Early-stage implantation significantly influences the long-term success of an implant, with post-operative infections posing a major clinical challenge. This underscores the urgent need for advanced biocompatible materials that not only enhance tissue regeneration but also provide effective antibacterial defense. The exploration of bioelectricity in facilitating tissue repair has gained momentum, driven by the growing understanding of piezoelectric properties in natural bone. Harnessing the intrinsic electrical activity of biomaterials presents a promising approach, as bioelectricity is an inherent feature of bone cells, directly regulating their metabolic processes and contributing to tissue regeneration. Having a perovskite structure, lead-free piezo-ceramic sodium potassium niobate (NKN) possesses remarkable electroactive characteristics such as significantly high dielectric constant, superior piezoelectric characteristics, and strong electromechanical coupling coefficient, making it a potential electroactive candidate for tissue engineering. Due to the evidence of enhanced cytocompatibility, osteogenesis, antibacterial activities, along with electrical characteristics, it has been recognized as a potential electro-active bone substitute. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of bone and its intrinsic electrical properties, along with an in-depth examination of NKN—including its doping strategies, electroactive response mechanisms, and structural characteristics. Additionally, the role of poling in enhancing NKN’s electroactivity is explored, reinforcing its potential for biomedical applications. The review highlights NKN’s implications in bone tissue regeneration, soft tissue repair (nerve and vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy, underscoring its relevance across various fields of biomedical engineering. Finally, the summary outlines future research directions, emphasizing opportunities for further exploration and optimization of NKN-based biomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 101111"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in polysaccharide-based food packaging: Functionalization strategies and sustainability considerations","authors":"Hossein Baniasadi , Roozbeh Abidnejad , Mahyar Fazeli , Jukka Niskanen , Erlantz Lizundia","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The food packaging industry generates escalating environmental challenges due to the pervasive use of single-use petroleum-derived plastics, which contribute to climate change, pollution, and microplastic contamination. Polysaccharides have emerged as promising renewable alternatives for food packaging materials. This review critically evaluates recent advances regarding functionalization strategies aimed at improving the mechanical, barrier, and functional properties of polysaccharide-based packaging films. Special attention is paid to chemical modification, blending with bioactive agents, and incorporation of nanomaterials. These strategies significantly enhance the material properties and extend the functionality of polysaccharide-based films, such as antimicrobial, UV-blocking, and pH-indicating capabilities. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and material circularity considerations are provided to compare the environmental sustainability of polysaccharide-based packaging against conventional petroleum-derived plastics, highlighting the environmental trade-offs associated with the adoption of biopolymer-based materials. Additionally, the review critically examines the current limitations and challenges related to scaling up production and achieving cost-effectiveness, thus offering insights into the practical implementation of these materials in the food packaging industry. Finally, key research opportunities are identified, emphasizing the need for further studies to address the challenges of large-scale implementation and cost efficiency in the transition to more sustainable food packaging solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 101128"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinyu Wang , Sichen Huo , Yanjie Chen , Zhuang Cai , Gengtao Fu , Ying Dai , Jinlong Zou
{"title":"d-orbital hybridization in transition metal electrocatalysts: Correlating electronic structure with catalytic performance","authors":"Xinyu Wang , Sichen Huo , Yanjie Chen , Zhuang Cai , Gengtao Fu , Ying Dai , Jinlong Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orbital hybridization effect, an electronic structural characteristic arising from the linear combination of atomic orbitals, has emerged as a crucial strategy for tuning the electronic structure of catalysts. Despite significant progress, fully understanding the structure-activity relationship between orbital hybridization, electronic structure, and catalytic performance remains a major challenge, particularly in the field of electrocatalysis. This review summarizes the latest advances in the coupling regulation of <em>d</em>-orbital hybridization in transition metal catalysts (TMCs) and systematically elucidates their pivotal role in electrocatalytic reaction mechanisms. This review first discusses the basic concepts and various types of <em>d</em>-orbital hybridization in TMCs, including <em>d</em>-<em>d</em>, <em>d</em>-<em>p</em>, <em>d</em>-<em>f</em>, and <em>d</em>-<em>p</em>-<em>f</em> hybridization, emphasizing their influence on intermediate adsorption, electron transfer, and orbital interactions. Additionally, the review systematically summarizes key orbital hybridization engineering strategies, including alloying, doping, dual-atom sites, support-assisted methods, and interface engineering, and elucidates specific approaches for precisely tuning the electronic configuration of TMC active sites to optimize intermediate adsorption behavior. Building on this, it further analyzes several typical catalytic reaction mechanisms, highlighting the advantages of <em>d</em>-orbital hybridization in enhancing catalytic performance. Finally, it addresses the main challenges of orbital hybridization regulation in TMC electrocatalysis and offers new insights and perspectives for its future development in other catalytic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 101147"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145526365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aarti Dahiya , Parthasarathi Pal , Shalu Rani , Mohit Kumar Gautam , Roshni Shateesh Babu , Ioannis Zeimpekis , Dimitra G. Georgiadou , Sanjay Kumar
{"title":"Two-dimensional layered materials-based energy-efficient optoelectronic memories: A leap towards bionic vision","authors":"Aarti Dahiya , Parthasarathi Pal , Shalu Rani , Mohit Kumar Gautam , Roshni Shateesh Babu , Ioannis Zeimpekis , Dimitra G. Georgiadou , Sanjay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optoelectronic memories have gained remarkable attention owing to their inherent capability of manipulating charge carriers under the influence of both electrical and light stimuli. The emerging optoelectronic neuromorphic devices can be used in diverse applications, including logical data processing, confidential information recording, and next-generation bionic visual systems. Photosensitive materials are foundational to many technologies, including solar cells, sensors, thin-film transistors, and light-emitting diodes. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) photosensitive materials have found application in bionic visual hardware based on optoelectronic synaptic memristor and memtransistor devices. The synthesis and growth of optoelectronic memories driven by 2D photosensitive materials have opened new horizons in the field of bionic visual systems due to their diverse optical properties, atomic scalability, and ultrafast charge carrier dynamics. This review highlights the recent developments in bionic visual hardware based on optoelectronic synaptic memristive devices and memtransistors, wherein various 2D photosensitive materials and device structures have been utilised. We first summarise the limitations of traditional computing, highlight the key advantages of this novel computing paradigm, and discuss the fundamentals of bio-vision formation. Next, we comprehensively review the various device structures and operating mechanisms of optoelectronic memristive and memtransistor architectures. The recent developments in optoelectronic synaptic devices by incorporating various 2D photosensitive materials and their application in the field of bionic visual perception are also discussed. Finally, we outline the current drawbacks and challenges of optoelectronic neuromorphic devices and the future perspective of bionic visual hardware on real system realisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 101146"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145526366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caitian Lin , Farshad Boorboor Ajdari , Caiwang Mao , Fereshteh Abbasi , Aijing Pu , Guoqiang Cao , Ying Luo , Yingche Wang , Baoyu Sun , Jingying Xie , Jiangxuan Song
{"title":"Functional binders in lithium batteries: From molecular structure design to practical applications","authors":"Caitian Lin , Farshad Boorboor Ajdari , Caiwang Mao , Fereshteh Abbasi , Aijing Pu , Guoqiang Cao , Ying Luo , Yingche Wang , Baoyu Sun , Jingying Xie , Jiangxuan Song","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium batteries (LBs) are pivotal for meeting the escalating global need for high-performance energy storage devices. Despite their critical role in electrode and solid electrolyte fabrication, binders remain under-investigated compared to active materials, creating a significant knowledge-to-application gap. This review summarizes recent developments in binder design, focusing on their structure-property relationships. It starts with elucidating the operation and failure mechanisms of binders, underscoring their crucial roles and ideal properties in practical applications. Building on this foundation, it further elucidates molecular design strategies to impart multifunctionality to binders, including adhesion, mechanical properties, ionic/electronic conductivity, self-healing capabilities, interfacial stabilization and other functional attributes. Also, industrial application challenges and scale-up considerations for advanced binders are critically evaluated across three key aspects: ultra-thick electrodes, ultra-thin electrolytes and sustainability requirements, filling the gap between molecular design and practical applications of binders. This review outlines pathways for future development of functional binders, with the aim of providing new insights into the design of binders for next-generation high-energy-density LBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 101142"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145526367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yongkai Zhang , Zhenhao Luo , Pushpendra Kumar , Songtong Zhang , Yuhong Jin , Qianqian Zhang , Xiayu Zhu , Wenjie Meng , Hai Ming , Jingyi Qiu
{"title":"Lithium-based lifeforms: Influence analysis of instantaneous and hysteresis performances in lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Yongkai Zhang , Zhenhao Luo , Pushpendra Kumar , Songtong Zhang , Yuhong Jin , Qianqian Zhang , Xiayu Zhu , Wenjie Meng , Hai Ming , Jingyi Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mser.2025.101096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) mainly function via the processes of lithium-ion diffusion and electron transport, which can be metaphorically compared to biological functions. Just like living lifeform organisms that need particular conditions to keep homeostasis, any departure from optimal operating parameters in LIBs may result in performance degradation, safety and reliability compromise, and ultimately may lead to battery failure or even to thermal runaway. To ensure reliable operation, a thorough understanding and influence analysis of the instantaneous and hysteresis performance for LIBs under the extreme environments or operating conditions, such as mechanical extrusion, vibration, high- and low- temperatures, supergravity and microgravity, and low atmospheric pressure, is essential, which enables accurate assessment of their ability to meet energy and power demands over their whole service life. Additionally, a series of critical challenges associated with overcharge, overdischarge, and high-current (pulse) cycling can also exert an adverse impact on the LIBs, especially when these factors act either individually or in combination. Herein, this review firstly presents the concept of lithium-based lifeforms, in conjunction with the groundbreaking proposal of instantaneous and hysteresis performances to comprehensively evaluate the whole life of LIBs, which is expected to guide the design of advanced LIBs with high performance and substantially enhance the accuracy of predictive and early-warning models for batteries and modules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":386,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 101096"},"PeriodicalIF":31.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}