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International Journal of Police Science & Management最新文献

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Social capital and co-location: A case study of policing anti-social behaviour 社会资本与共地:反社会行为警务个案研究
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211026931
L. O’Malley, S. Grace
{"title":"Social capital and co-location: A case study of policing anti-social behaviour","authors":"L. O’Malley, S. Grace","doi":"10.1177/14613557211026931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211026931","url":null,"abstract":"Existing evidence suggests that co-location may be emerging as a preferred model of multi-agency working between the police and a range of partner agencies, yet there is limited evidence available regarding the benefits and challenges of this specific type of initiative. This article draws on an evaluation case study of co-location between the police and a local authority established to improve responses to victims of anti-social behaviour. Co-located officers reported a range of benefits arising from the new arrangements, and there was evidence of deep learning within and across teams. However, by including the experiences of those working outside the co-location more significant challenges became apparent, relating to ongoing relationships between officers and the wider force that we are unaware of from previous research. It is suggested that senior management should pay attention to managing changing relationships that occur in co-location to preserve existing social capital whilst exploiting opportunities arising from newly formed connections.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121943078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Felonious line-of-duty officer deaths (1995–2015): The impact of tenure and age revisited 执勤人员的重罪死亡(1995-2015):任期和年龄的影响
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-18 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211032608
Kasey A. Tucker-Gail, Andrew Eckerley, Donna L Selman, D. Lilley, M. Stewart
{"title":"Felonious line-of-duty officer deaths (1995–2015): The impact of tenure and age revisited","authors":"Kasey A. Tucker-Gail, Andrew Eckerley, Donna L Selman, D. Lilley, M. Stewart","doi":"10.1177/14613557211032608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211032608","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article was to reassess patterns previously identified in the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted (LEOKA) data, expanding the time frame from 5 years to 20 years, for application within law enforcement when considering training needs over the life cycle of an officer's career. Consistent with the findings of the earlier analysis, this study identifies two prevalent patterns: the age range with the highest frequency of death was 30–39, and the years of experience with the highest frequency of death was 0–4. In fact, the analysis indicates an even stronger pattern of the deadly combination of age and tenure. Implications of the study include the need for larger scale data collection on the national population of officers, detailed information on transfers and time of service overall (as opposed to time in service at current department), and evaluations of current training programs and practices regarding de-escalation and the use of force as well as self-defense and situational awareness.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128948226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Presenting a uniformed self: Symbols of safety in police auxiliary members' perceptions 呈现制服的自我:辅助警员感知中的安全象征
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-11 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211032614
C. O’Connor, Jacek Koziarski, Tyler Frederick, Kaylee Kosarolo, V. Baker
{"title":"Presenting a uniformed self: Symbols of safety in police auxiliary members' perceptions","authors":"C. O’Connor, Jacek Koziarski, Tyler Frederick, Kaylee Kosarolo, V. Baker","doi":"10.1177/14613557211032614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211032614","url":null,"abstract":"Volunteers have always played a prominent role in policing. Although known by many names worldwide, auxiliary police in Canada are one particular group of formalized volunteers that have received little research attention. Therefore, through an exploratory survey utilizing both closed and open-ended questions, this article adds to the literature on volunteer police by focusing on how auxiliary members perceived their safety at a police service located in Canada. The findings show how auxiliary members' perceptions of safety were intricately connected to their uniforms, received trainings and associated accoutrements. More specifically, we find that these key elements act as symbols connecting auxiliary members to the extended police family and when they are absent members can feel distanced. Further, safety concerns were expressed as a result of such distancing. The implications of these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"7 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124336656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
From discretion to standardization: Digitalization of the police organization 从自由裁量到标准化:警察组织的数字化
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-11 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211036554
Helene O. I. Gundhus, Niri Talberg, C. T. Wathne
{"title":"From discretion to standardization: Digitalization of the police organization","authors":"Helene O. I. Gundhus, Niri Talberg, C. T. Wathne","doi":"10.1177/14613557211036554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211036554","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we aim to examine whether intelligence-led policing in police practice reinforces the control model of the police organization. We argue that digitalization of police working life resurrects several of Taylor’s management principles, such as greater division of labor, specialization, standardization and focus on measurable and efficient processes. Drawing on empirical research via two cross-sectional surveys, focus group and individual in-depth interviews with 40 Norwegian police officers, we analyze the extent to which this is conditioned by how work processes are organized and how knowledge practices are operationalized and standardized. We show perceptions of standardization that break up policing processes and lead to greater control over which tasks the front line performs and how these should be carried out. As a result, traditional police discretion becomes more standardized, constrained and de-contextualized. This is reinforced by the implementation of intelligence-led policing to manage knowledge within the police organization, which may eventually lead to a more top-down, bureaucratic and fragmented style of policing. Thus police professionalism becomes understood as being greater standardization and organizational control. An unintended consequence is a shift towards digitalized neo-Taylorism in policing, with implications for de-skilling of the police. The results demonstrate a managerialist view of the police organization, in which top-down steering and use of technology ultimately lead to a narrowing of police discretion and a more invisible high-policing style of police that may increase militarization of the police organization.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115673435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Predicting rapist type based on crime-scene violence, interpersonal involvement, and criminal sophistication in U.S. stranger rape cases 基于美国陌生人强奸案件中犯罪现场暴力、人际关系和犯罪复杂程度来预测强奸犯类型
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-09 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211036564
Indy SK Mellink, E. Jeglic, Glynis Bogaard
{"title":"Predicting rapist type based on crime-scene violence, interpersonal involvement, and criminal sophistication in U.S. stranger rape cases","authors":"Indy SK Mellink, E. Jeglic, Glynis Bogaard","doi":"10.1177/14613557211036564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211036564","url":null,"abstract":"Stranger rape cases are one of the most difficult sexual assault crimes to solve for law enforcement. This study aimed to compare crime-scene characteristics between serial rapists and single-victim rapists in stranger rape cases and build a predictive model to predict rapist type. An archival database of released sex offenders included 385 who committed stranger rapes. Of those, 244 were single-victim rapists and 141 were serial rapists. The single-victim rapists were significantly more likely to have violently themed crime-scene characteristics than serial rapists, whereas serial rapists were significantly more likely than single-victim rapists to engage in criminally sophisticated behavior and induce participation from their victims. A logistic regression using 10 crime-scene characteristics correctly identified 75.8% of cases as perpetrated by either single-victim or serial rapists. The most significant predictors of rapist type were whether the offender digitally penetrated their victim, whether the offender choked their victim, whether they were at a new/unknown location or whether they threatened their victim. The implications of these results are that they benefit law enforcement in the investigation of stranger rape cases by potentially narrowing down their suspect pool and add to the classification of stranger rapists in offender profiling literature.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129502789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Perceptions of police training needs in cyber-crime 对网络犯罪警察培训需求的认识
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211036565
Diarmaid Harkin, C. Whelan
{"title":"Perceptions of police training needs in cyber-crime","authors":"Diarmaid Harkin, C. Whelan","doi":"10.1177/14613557211036565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211036565","url":null,"abstract":"A common observation in the literature on cyber-crime policing is the need for more training. However, there is little detail of who within the police organisation requires training and what type of training may be needed. Based on survey and interview data from three specialist cyber-crime units in Australia, this article identifies that ‘lack of training’ is likely to have distinct meanings for different groups within the police: (a) front-line officers, (b) higher management, (c) generalist investigators, and (d) specialist investigators and civilians in cyber-crime units. Each of these groups is likely to face unique training needs that undermines the overall effectiveness of police organisations to respond to cyber-crime. The article explores the perceived training requirements across each of these groups and some potential ways in which they can be addressed in an effort to stimulate further research in this area focusing on the differentiated internal needs of police organisations.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131198142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Cultivation theory: The impact of crime media's portrayal of race on the desire to become a U.S. police officer 培养理论:犯罪媒体对种族的描绘对成为美国警察愿望的影响
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-06 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211036555
Wendi Pollock, N. Tapia, D. Sibila
{"title":"Cultivation theory: The impact of crime media's portrayal of race on the desire to become a U.S. police officer","authors":"Wendi Pollock, N. Tapia, D. Sibila","doi":"10.1177/14613557211036555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211036555","url":null,"abstract":"The death of George Floyd on 25 May 2020 again left people asking why U.S. police officers so commonly resort to the use of deadly force when interacting with Black individuals. The current article proposes that media, combined with cultivation theory and social cognition concepts may create implicit biases that are potential contributors to this problem. Police officers have a greater vulnerability to these biases because intake of crime-related media positively predicts their interest in selecting law enforcement as a career. Other predictors of an interest in working in law enforcement, and implications of these findings, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129137610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Police self-legitimacy and democratic orientations: Assessing shared values 警察自我合法性与民主取向:评估共同价值观
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211032603
David R. White, Michael Kyle, J. Schafer
{"title":"Police self-legitimacy and democratic orientations: Assessing shared values","authors":"David R. White, Michael Kyle, J. Schafer","doi":"10.1177/14613557211032603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211032603","url":null,"abstract":"Using a sample of frontline police officers from several mid-sized municipal police departments in the United States, this study explores the relationships between frontline police officers’ self-legitimacy, organizational fit, moral alignment with policed communities, and attitudes toward democratic policing principles. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling, the analysis frames democratic policing using a formative latent construct to test several hypotheses. The results support a direct positive relationship between self-legitimacy and attitudes toward democratic policing, and suggest the relationship is partially mediated by officers' perceptions of moral alignment with their policed communities. The results further demonstrate that self-legitimacy is significantly related to organizational fit, but organizational fit does not appear to mediate the relationship between self-legitimacy and attitudes toward democratic policing.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131035466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Police attitudes toward the use of inappropriate force in China 中国警察对不当使用武力的态度
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-08-04 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211021864
Shelley Liu, Lening Zhang
{"title":"Police attitudes toward the use of inappropriate force in China","authors":"Shelley Liu, Lening Zhang","doi":"10.1177/14613557211021864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211021864","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to explore police attitudes toward the use of inappropriate force in China. Using original data from a survey of over 900 police officers in China, this study investigated patterns of officers’ attitudes toward the use of force and correlates of officer attitudes supportive of the use of inappropriate force. This study shows that a significant number of officers hold attitudes supportive of the use of inappropriate force. Regression analysis demonstrates complex relationship between police role-orientation and officers’ attitudes toward the use of inappropriate force. This study also found that police training on the use of force was not as effective as expected in shaping officers’ attitudes toward the use of force. The implication for police training is discussed in relation to findings of this study.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Profiling persons reported missing from hospitals versus mental health facilities 对医院和精神卫生机构报告的失踪人员进行分析
International Journal of Police Science & Management Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.1177/14613557211021868
Lorna Ferguson
{"title":"Profiling persons reported missing from hospitals versus mental health facilities","authors":"Lorna Ferguson","doi":"10.1177/14613557211021868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14613557211021868","url":null,"abstract":"Missing person reports from hospitals and mental health facilities are a significant issue impacting patients, communities, and health and police sectors. Research on missing persons seldom considers the type of location from where people go missing, which can be troublesome due to the increased chances for experiencing harm during an episode from hospitals and mental health facilities. When location type is studied, these often remarkably different places are frequently blended together in analyses and discussions. This conflation has implications for research and the development of effective police preventive responses. To begin to address this gap, this study uses descriptive analysis and logistic regression to examine the descriptive and predictive profiles of those reported missing from hospitals versus those reported missing from mental health units. For this, data are taken from a sample of 916 closed missing person cases reported to a Canadian municipal police service over five years. Results suggest there are significant differences in both the descriptive and predictive profiles of individuals reported missing from these two location types, such as individuals with varying mental health and cognitive issues going missing from each place, respectively. Given the findings, the implications for research, policing, and risk management are discussed.","PeriodicalId":382549,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Police Science & Management","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122331872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
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