Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of mechanical tissue properties in post-mortem human brain using magnetic resonance elastography","authors":"Joy Mojumder ,&nbsp;Yuan-Chiao Lu ,&nbsp;Alexa M. Diano ,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Alshareef ,&nbsp;Matthew McGarry ,&nbsp;Philip V. Bayly ,&nbsp;Curtis L. Johnson ,&nbsp;John A. Butman ,&nbsp;Dzung L. Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious health condition that can cause neurological dysfunction to varying degrees depending on the nature of the mechanical insult. In biomechanical studies of TBI under high loading conditions, post-mortem human subjects (PMHS), although difficult to acquire, are often used since ethical concerns prohibit such experiments in living human subjects. Because PMHS brains undergo significant changes following death, it is important to understand the relationship between the mechanical properties of PMHS and living brain tissue. In this study, we performed magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) on three PMHS specimens to estimate the material properties of the cadaveric brain, namely the storage modulus and the loss modulus, as well as the resulting shear stiffness and damping ratio. We also performed longitudinal MRE scans on one of the PMHS brain over the span of two months to investigate the evolution of tissue properties with post-mortem degradation. In comparison to <em>in vivo</em> subjects of age range 70–75 years, a substantially higher stiffness (mean: 5.96 kPa) and lower damping ratio (mean: 0.09) were found in PMHS models. This study also revealed an initial increase in shear stiffness up to the seventh day post-mortem, followed by a steady decrease by the fifty-eighth day. However, the damping ratio displayed an opposite trend to that of shear stiffness. These changes were heterogeneous across brain regions. The collected measurements and analysis elucidate the changes in mechanical properties in post-mortem subjects, and can be used to build and validate computational models of TBI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 107292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145688900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Submaximal low-strain cyclic loading induces localized inelastic deformation & diminished energy dissipation in the anterior cruciate ligament","authors":"Peter M. Kuetzing ,&nbsp;Ulrich M. Scheven ,&nbsp;Ellen M. Arruda","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Submaximal loading during routine activities is an understudied contributor to evolving mechanics preceding acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury. This study characterizes the history-dependent mechanical response of the anteromedial (AM) bundle of the ACL subjected to repeated submaximal low-strain cyclic loading and intermittent recovery periods. This loading regime represents early-stage behavior often referred to as preconditioning, which is important for achieving steady-state mechanics but also for understanding the onset of irreversible changes. Digital image correlation (DIC) reveals the development of localized inelastic deformation in regions corresponding to clinically observed acute ACL tears. Complementary repeated cycle-recovery (RCR) experiments reveal that inelastic deformation and normalized hysteresis follow a dual-regime pattern, with pronounced early-cycle attenuation followed by a linear-log response. These findings indicate that submaximal loading induces irreversible mechanical changes on short time scales and establishes a mechanistic link between physiological relevant load histories and increased site-specific susceptibility of the ACL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 107309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145784232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hair anisotropy and damage: Understanding hair cracking and fracture via the moving loop test","authors":"Daniel Samoylenko ,&nbsp;Leah Su Whelan ,&nbsp;Ailsa Yale ,&nbsp;Guillaume Marty ,&nbsp;Roberto Santoprete ,&nbsp;Luca Polacchi ,&nbsp;David Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hair can become damaged and break as a result of mechanical actions such as brushing. Individual hairs (known as hair fibres) are usually tested to failure in tension but this does not reflect the type of loading to which they are normally subjected. Previously, we proposed a new test – the Moving Loop fatigue test – which simulates the extreme bending of tangled hair during repeated brushing. Previous results showed that this test is capable of generating longitudinal splits, simulating the phenomenon of split ends. In the present paper we report further results from this test method, expanding the number of hair types investigated and demonstrating the dependence on applied force and effects of environmental treatments (combinations of hydration and heating). In addition to recording the number of cycles to failure we also used interrupted testing to investigate the mechanisms of damage initiation and propagation. We found that cracks can initiate in one of three interfaces – cuticle/cuticle, cuticle/cortex and cortex/cortex. The first two result in splits which start at or near the hair surface and propagate across the hair fibre to cause fracture, whilst the cortex/cortex-initiated splits propagate along the hair to macroscopic lengths. We attribute these differences in behaviour to differing anisotropy of hair strength, due to varying bond strengths in the cell-membrane complexes in these three interfaces. Computer simulation using finite element analysis provided insights into the distribution of tensile and shear stress and the effects of anisotropy on failure modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 107320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture resistance of a short fiber-reinforced flowable resin composite compared with different types of flowable resin composites","authors":"Shuhei Watanabe ,&nbsp;Toshiki Takamizawa ,&nbsp;Rei Muto ,&nbsp;Shunichi Suda ,&nbsp;Ryo Ishii ,&nbsp;Mark A. Latta ,&nbsp;Wayne W. Barkmeier ,&nbsp;Masashi Miyazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of a short fiber-reinforced flowable resin composite and compare it with that of different types of flowable resin composites.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 10 commercially available flowable resin composites were used, including a flowable short fiber-reinforced resin composite (SFRC), five bulk-fill flowable resin composites, two injectable resin composites, and two single-shade flowable resin composites. The flexural strength (<em>σ</em>_<em>F</em>), flexural modulus, and resilience (<em>R</em>) were measured using a three-point bending flexural test. Additionally, a fatigue flexural strength (<em>FFS</em>) test was performed using repeated subcritical loading at a frequency of 20 Hz for 50,000 cycles. The fracture toughness (<em>K</em>_<em>IC</em>) was measured using the single-edge notched beam three-point bending test. All tests were performed after 24 h of storage or 10,000 thermal cycles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The flowable SFRC demonstrated significantly higher <em>σ</em>_<em>F</em>, <em>FFS</em>, and <em>K</em>_<em>IC</em> than the other flowable resin composites. However, all the flowable resin composites demonstrated statistically significant reductions in <em>σ</em>_<em>F</em>, <em>R</em>, <em>FFS</em>, and <em>K</em>_<em>IC</em> after thermal cycles compared with those at baseline.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The flowable SFRC had superior fracture resistance under external force, not only under a monotonic static load but also under repeated subcritical load stress. The findings indicate that the flowable SFRC is a promising resin composite due to its superior outcomes in the <em>FFS</em> test and other fracture resistance tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 107327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen content and crosslinks alter the biomechanical properties of corneal tissues","authors":"Anshul Shrivastava ,&nbsp;Yogesh Thapliyal ,&nbsp;Subhradeep Sarkar ,&nbsp;Arkasubhra Ghosh ,&nbsp;Namrata Gundiah","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lamellar and dispersed fibrous collagen networks are organized and maintained <em>via</em> endogenous crosslinks along the superior-inferior and nasal-temporal directions in the stromal regions of corneal tissues. Collagen organization contributes to corneal transparency, tissue integrity, and the surface topography. Ultrastructural changes to the lamellar arrangement of collagen occur in diseases, such as keratoconus and ectasia post refractive surgery, resulting in impaired biomechanical properties, changes to the surface curvature, and irregular astigmatism. Collagen crosslinking with UV-A/riboflavin is used clinically to increase the structural integrity and halt corneal thinning; however it can cause complications in certain cases. Earlier studies suggest that crosslinking mediated by advanced glycation end products (AGE), associated with ageing, may increase corneal stiffness and prevent corneal thinning. The specific links between corneal properties and microstructural network features are however not well established. We used collagenase and non-enzymatic crosslinking using methylglyoxal (MGO) to investigate the effects of collagen content, organization, and crosslinking densities in an <em>ex-vivo</em> goat cornea model. We estimated the collagen contents using a biochemical assay, performed uniaxial mechanical tests, and used histology to quantify the underlying fiber tortuosity in untreated (control) and collagenase/MGO treated groups. We fit the experimental stress-strain data using an exponential strain energy function (SEF) that uses a generalized structure tensor to describe collagen fiber organization in tissues. Our results show that fiber tortuosity increased with collagenase treatment time. AGE-mediated non-enzymatic crosslinking using MGO caused a dramatic increase in the elastic modulus of tissues without significant changes to the fiber tortuosity or overall collagen content. Finally, we obtained scaling relationships linking tissue modulus to collagen volume fraction that may be useful clinically. Changes in fiber tortuosity with collagenase treatment suggest that collagen fiber organization and composition play a key role in regulating mechanobiological properties of the cornea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 107276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145552403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrospun gelatin fiber–gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel composites for reproductive applications","authors":"Samyuktha S. Kolluru ,&nbsp;Abir Hamdaoui ,&nbsp;Hannah F. Rudewick ,&nbsp;Samantha G. Zambuto ,&nbsp;Michelle L. Oyen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Each year, approximately 30 million Cesarean deliveries are performed globally, involving surgical incisions through the abdomen and uterus, followed by suturing of the uterus and skin after childbirth. The presence of prior uterine incisions disrupts native uterine tissue properties and increases the risk of complications in subsequent pregnancies. Thus, tissue repair scaffolds for this application must promote regeneration and restore the mechanical strength required to withstand the uterine loading. Despite the importance of mechanical considerations in regeneration, the fracture mechanics and energetics of scaffolds for this application have not been systematically characterized. In this work, we developed a novel gelatin methacryloyl–gelatin fiber composite platform by embedding electrospun gelatin fibers of different nanoscale diameters within a hydrogel matrix. Mechanical testing of fiber mats and composites under uniaxial tension and Mode III tearing revealed that fiber diameter strongly influences stiffness, extensibility, and fracture resistance. Further, compared to fiber mats alone, fiber-reinforced composites demonstrate enhanced energy dissipation while retaining physiologically relevant hydration, thereby mimicking native tissue. These results establish critical structure–function relationships in gelatin–based composite systems and highlights their potential as load-bearing scaffolds for uterine tissue repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 107258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145518567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical analysis of sutural tessellations under dynamic indentation","authors":"Richard J. Nash,&nbsp;Yaning Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sudden dynamic loading scenarios can often lead to undesirable mechanical responses in certain systems. However, in nature it is seen that certain species are found to have biological sutures in regions of their body where they are accustomed to dynamic loading. This has inspired the implementation of sutural geometries into originally flat regular hexagonal honeycomb tessellation interfaces comprised of harder hexagonal phases joined by a thinner, softer phase. These sutures are characterized by their tooth tip angle, wavelength, and amplitude and are studied to determine their influences the mechanical responses of the samples under dynamic indentation loading. Interestingly, suture tessellations can achieve negative Poisson's ratio in a certain design space. Both auxetic and non-auxetic designs under dynamic indentation loadings have been investigated via finite element (FE) simulations. Dynamic explicit FE simulations are conducted, using elasto-perfectly-plastic models for both hard and soft phases. The introduction of suture geometry leads to less plastic deformation in the composites, better dispersion of impact energy, and a lower peak load compared to the original flat tessellation counterparts. Additionally, results show that for 2D sutural tessellations, auxeticity enhances energy dissipation efficiency under dynamic indentation load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 107270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145518568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A virtual model for the osteosynthesis fixation strength analysis of cancellous screws considering the insertion effect in sawbones with experimental validation","authors":"James Wu ,&nbsp;Xuan Hu ,&nbsp;David Benoit ,&nbsp;Franck Le Navéaux ,&nbsp;Julien Clin ,&nbsp;Shaofan Li ,&nbsp;Reno Genest ,&nbsp;Ram Gopisetti ,&nbsp;Bo Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the finite element method (FEM) is a valuable computational tool for analyzing factors that influence bone–screw fixation strength in osteosynthesis, it faces challenges in capturing the effects of screw insertion prior to pullout simulation due to mesh distortion and element erosion. To address these limitations, this study introduces an orthopedic computational model based on the Smoothed Particle Galerkin (SPG) method, offering an enhanced approach for simulating bone–screw interactions.</div><div>The Smoothed Particle Galerkin (SPG) method is an advanced mesh-free numerical technique capable of simulating large deformations and material removal while avoiding common mesh-related issues in FEM. In this study, the SPG method is used to model the Sawbones material during screw insertion and pullout. A bond-failure model is incorporated into the SPG framework to represent material removal, employing two failure criteria: the critical effective shear strain and the critical effective plastic strain. This modeling approach allows for accurate reproduction of thread formation in the bone during screw insertion, capturing the appropriate contact geometry and residual stress conditions for subsequent pullout simulations.</div><div>To validate the accuracy of the proposed simulation model, experimental tests were performed using Sawbones specimens composed of grade 15 PCF polyurethane foam, serving as an analog for human cancellous bone. The nonlinear material properties of the Sawbones were characterized following ASTM <span><span>D1621</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> for compression and ASTM <span><span>D1623</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> for tension. Parameters of the bond-failure model were calibrated through a combined screw insertion and pullout simulation using a non-fluted screw with a pilot hole. For the predictive analysis, three test cases were modeled, each combining different pilot-hole sizes and screw types, with and without cutting flutes.</div><div>The proposed simulation model successfully reproduces thread formation, a feature that is difficult to capture using conventional FEM approaches. The results demonstrate that screw insertion induces residual stress, which strongly affects the pullout force. In addition, both pilot-hole size and screw design are shown to significantly influence residual stress and pullout performance. Comparison of pullout forces between experiments and simulations across three prediction cases, showing average errors of +4.0 %, −11.8 %, and −6.0 %, indicates that the proposed model is a promising tool for analyzing bone–screw fixation strength while accounting for the screw insertion effect, a capability not available in existing simulation frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 107267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic biomechanical evaluation of different dental implant materials at various bone stock conditions using a statistical and subject-specific computer-based workflow","authors":"Jan-Oliver Sass ,&nbsp;Iman Soodmand ,&nbsp;Ann-Kristin Becker ,&nbsp;Christopher Jabs ,&nbsp;Michael Dau ,&nbsp;Rainer Bader ,&nbsp;Maeruan Kebbach","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This computational study aimed to evaluate the bone-implant interaction of dental implants made from materials with varying Young's moduli under various conditions of bone quality. A subject-specific numerical workflow was developed by integrating boundary conditions obtained from a musculoskeletal multibody simulation (MMBS) into a finite element (FE) analysis of the mandible bone. Implants made from commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti), zirconia ceramic (ZrO₂), low-stiffness β-titanium alloy (β-Ti), and poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) were evaluated during a clenching scenario. A systematic analysis was performed using statistical modeling to examine ten variations in bone quality, including cortical thickness and homogeneous bone stiffness. Additionally, two CT-based subject-specific comparisons were carried out using mandibles with distinctly different bone qualities. Implants made from materials with lower stiffness resulted in increased peri-implant strain and stress levels. In the statistical analysis, these effects were not significant when accounting for inter-individual variability of the bone qualities (p &gt; 0.05). Cortical bone stiffness strongly correlated with peri-implant bone stress (r = 0.96 ± 0.01), while trabecular bone stiffness correlated with maximum (r = 0.71 ± 0.01) and minimum (r = −0.83 ± 0.02) principal strain in the bone. In the subject-specific analysis, stress and strain in the peri-implant bone increased for the low-quality bone and were significant for a PEEK-based implant (p &lt; 0.001). Within the restrictions of the simplified numerical models and limited generalizability of the present findings, materials with lower stiffness may reduce peri-implant stress shielding but simultaneously increase stress at the bone-implant interface. However, their overall effect was not statistically significant when inter-individual variation in bone quality were considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 107255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145508569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscoelastic phenotyping of meningiomas reveals biomechanical classes and intratumoral heterogeneity","authors":"Jan Saip Aunan-Diop ,&nbsp;José Bonilla ,&nbsp;Bo Halle ,&nbsp;Christian Bonde Pedersen ,&nbsp;Ancuta Ioana Friismose ,&nbsp;Bo Mussmann ,&nbsp;Frantz Rom Poulsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tumor consistency influences meningioma handling during surgery, but systematic biomechanical classifications are lacking. In this prospective study, 129 tumor slices from 20 meningiomas underwent amplitude-sweep oscillatory rheometry (1–100% strain, 1 Hz) to characterize storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″), damping (tan δ), yield strain, and strain stiffening. Curves were normalized, embedded by principal component analysis, and subjected to unsupervised clustering. Three reproducible viscoelastic phenotypes were identified (Cluster A: 29%, B: 61%, C: 9%) that differed significantly across baseline stiffness, stiffening slope, yield strain, and damping (all q &lt; 1 × 10^-7). Cluster C, defined by high stiffness and elevated dissipation, was strongly associated with intraoperative hard grading (OR 82.8, 95% CI 11.0–623.2, p &lt; 0.0001). Tumor-level stiffness index correlated with overall consistency (ρ = 0.48, p = 0.033), and the hard-phenotype fraction tracked both maximum (ρ = 0.54, p = 0.013) and minimum consistency (ρ = 0.53, p = 0.017). Entropy-based heterogeneity did not predict surgical consistency range. Clustering robustness was confirmed by bootstrap (ARI 0.81) and leave-one-tumor-out analysis (ARI 0.79). These findings suggest a quantitative biomechanical classification of meningiomas directly linked to operative handling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 107282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}