Current Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Arabidopsis B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN14/15/16 form a feedback loop with ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 and PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs to regulate hypocotyl elongation","authors":"Zeeshan Nasim ,&nbsp;Nouroz Karim ,&nbsp;Hendry Susila ,&nbsp;Ji Hoon Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light-regulated developmental processes such as photomorphogenesis and flowering play important roles in the plant life cycle, from seedling emergence to reproduction. Three members of the <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> B-BOX DOMAIN PROTEIN (BBX) family, <em>BBX14</em>, <em>BBX15</em>, and <em>BBX16</em> (hereafter <em>BBX14/15/16</em>), redundantly regulate flowering time, but whether this genetic redundancy also affects the regulation of photomorphogenesis remains unclear. Here, we show that light induces <em>BBX14/15/16</em> expression primarily in the hypocotyl, where BBX14/15/16 redundantly repress hypocotyl elongation. PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) negatively regulate <em>BBX14/15/16</em> expression mainly through GOLDEN-LIKE proteins (GLKs); however, analyses of ChIP-seq data showed that PIFs are recruited to the <em>BBX14/15/16</em> loci and can also regulate these genes independently of GLKs. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a major regulator of photomorphogenesis, also directly binds to the <em>BBX14/15/16</em> loci and regulates their expression. Simultaneous knockdown of <em>BBX14/15/16</em> resulted in significant downregulation of <em>HY5</em> and upregulation of <em>PIF</em>s, suggesting that these factors participate in a feedback regulatory loop. Indeed, BBX14/15/16 induced <em>HY5</em> promoter activity by binding to the <em>HY5</em> promoter. The brassinosteroid-responsive gene <em>TOUCH4</em> (<em>TCH4</em>) and several auxin-responsive <em>SMALL AUXIN UPREGULATED RNA</em> (<em>SAUR</em>) genes were upregulated in the <em>BBX14/15/16</em> knockdown plants, suggesting that auxin and brassinosteroids might participate in BBX14/15/16-mediated hypocotyl regulation. Mutating the predicted BBX-binding sites in <em>SAUR4</em> and <em>TCH4</em> impaired their regulation by BBX14/15/16. We propose that BBX14/15/16, together with HY5 and PIFs, form a feedback loop that regulates the expression of auxin- and brassinosteroid-related genes to modulate hypocotyl elongation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of TCP transcription factors and functional role of UrTCP4 in regulating terpenoid indole alkaloids biosynthesis in Uncaria rhynchophylla","authors":"Xinghui Liu ,&nbsp;Yingying Shao ,&nbsp;Detian Mu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Jialong He ,&nbsp;Huan Zhao ,&nbsp;Iain W. Wilson ,&nbsp;Yao Zhang ,&nbsp;Lina Zhu ,&nbsp;Deyou Qiu ,&nbsp;Qi Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Uncaria rhynchophylla</em> is a widely used Chinese herbal medicine known for its terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs), which help in treating hypertension. Teosinte branched 1/cycloidea/proliferating cell factors 1/2 (TCP) TFs have been shown to have a role in the growth and development of plants, but the regulation mechanism of UrTCP in the TIAs biosynthesis pathway is yet unknown. In this study, twenty-six <em>UrTCP</em> genes were identified from the genome of <em>U. rhynchophylla,</em> and these genes were classified into three subgroups based on the phylogenetic analysis. <em>UrTCPs</em> from the same group or subgroup share comparable gene structures and conserved motifs. These 26 <em>UrTCP</em> genes were unevenly distributed throughout 22 chromosomes, and gene segmental duplication occurred. The interspecific co-linearity analysis suggested that <em>UrTCP4</em> may have an important function in evolutionary process. The expression patterns analysis of <em>UrTCP</em> genes by RT-qPCR showed most <em>UrTCP</em> genes had the highest expression in leaves and stem hooks. The results of co-expression analysis and phylogenetic relationships screened UrTCP4 as the most likely participant in TIAs and its precursor synthesis. Furthermore, the subcellular localization of UrTCP4 indicated that it is located in nucleus. Dual luciferase assays revealed the UrTCP4 protein could activate or repress the transcription of <em>UrLAMT</em> and <em>Ur7-DLH</em> in the TIAs synthesis pathway. Finally, Yeast-one-hybrid assays demonstrated that the UrTCP4 protein can bind to the promoters of <em>UrLAMT</em> and <em>Ur7-DLH</em>. Thus, UrTCP4 may be involved in the regulation of the TIAs biosynthesis pathway. This research establishes a groundwork for elucidating the functions of <em>UrTCP</em> gene family in <em>U. rhynchophylla</em>, offering new insights into the regulation of TIAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytobioinformatics screening of ayurvedic plants for potential α-glucosidase inhibitors in diabetes management","authors":"Hira Khalid ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hassan Butt ,&nbsp;Aziz ur Rehman Aziz ,&nbsp;Iqra Ahmad ,&nbsp;Farzana Iqbal ,&nbsp;Amen Shamim ,&nbsp;Umar Nishan ,&nbsp;Riaz Ullah ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Arlindo Alencar Moura ,&nbsp;Mohibullah Shah ,&nbsp;Wenwen Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enzyme α-glucosidase in the small intestine regulates blood glucose levels and stimulates the hydrolysis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, increasing glucose levels in the body. Inhibiting this enzyme slows glucose digestion and absorption and as a result post-prandial blood glucose levels remain low, causing decreased insulin demand. Here, we investigated the ayurvedic antidiabetic plants and virtually screened an in-house library of 478 phytochemicals of these plants against the human α-glucosidase. We identified 11 secondary metabolites, including palmitic acid α-monoglyceride, (+)-(2 R)-6-propionyloxyethyl-4′,5,7-trihydroxyisoflavanone, Abruquinone E, and Aurantiamide Acetate, among others, showed stronger interactions with the receptor than the native ligand N-acetyl cysteine. Surprisingly, except one, all of these metabolites were from <em>Abrus precatorius</em> L. [Fabaceae] affirming its ethnopharmacological use against diabetes. The stability of the interactions between the ligands and receptor protein was evaluated through Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation trajectories including root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), radius of gyration (Rg), H bonds, β-factor analysis, and binding energy calculation through MM/GBSA method. The efficacy of top metabolites in inhibiting α-glucosidase is depicted in pharmacophore analysis. A comprehensive pharmacokinetics analysis confirmed the druggability, safety, and efficiency of top drug candidates. Additionally, we predicted the interactions of these top metabolites within the biological system. The medicinal properties described in this study will help develop active drug candidates for therapeutic purposes. Further experiments are recommended to prove the effectiveness of these metabolites in inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme for exploring their potential in the treatment of diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SWEET gene family in sweet sorghum (Sorghum dochna) and the role of SdSWEET01 in sugar transport","authors":"Chengcai Pan ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Yiyin Ji ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou ,&nbsp;Xingyu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The SWEET sugar transporter plays a fundamental role in plant growth and development. In this study, 18 <em>SWEET</em> genes were identified from sweet sorghum (<em>Sorghum dochna</em>), encoding proteins with 231–336 amino acids, molecular weights from 25.15 to 35.69 kDa, and isoelectric points ranging between 6.41 and 9.69. Phylogenetic analysis categorized these proteins into four distinct subgroups. Examination of spatial expression patterns demonstrated that <em>SdSWEET</em> genes were expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Furthermore, their involvement in responses to various abiotic stresses, including cold, heat, drought, and salinity was observed. A yeast complementation assay verified that SdSWEET01, located on the plasma membrane, selectively transported glucose, sucrose, and galactose, while excluding fructose. Transgenic <em>Arabidopsis</em> expressing <em>SdSWEET01</em> exhibited enhanced sugar absorption compared to wild-type plants, resulting in increased sensitivity and growth inhibition under high-sugar conditions. The study provides a detailed functional characterization of <em>SdSWEET</em> genes and emphasizes the critical role of SdSWEET01 in regulating sugar transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100405"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-functional PGPR Serratia liquefaciens confers enhanced resistance to lead stress and bacterial blight in soybean (Glycine max L.)","authors":"Mohamed A. El-Esawi ,&nbsp;Hayssam M. Ali ,&nbsp;Ashraf Atef Hatamleh ,&nbsp;Munirah Abdullah Al-Dosary ,&nbsp;Enas M. El-Ballat","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead toxicity and bacterial blight disease caused by <em>Pseudomonas savastanoi</em> pv. <em>glycinea</em> have destructive impacts on soybean growth and productivity. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have been used as an eco-friendly approach for augmenting crop growth and stress resistance. The current study investigated the efficacy of <em>Serratia liquefaciens</em> ZM6 strain in enhancing soybean resistance to lead (Pb) stress and bacterial blight. Two pot experiments were performed. In the first pot experiment, soybean plants were inoculated with <em>S. liquefaciens</em> ZM6 and grown under variable Pb stress levels (0, 200 and 400 µM of Pb(NO₃)₂). In the second experiment, <em>S. liquefaciens</em>-inoculated soybean plants were infected with <em>P. savastanoi</em> pv. <em>glycinea</em>, and disease severity was assessed two weeks post infection. The results revealed that <em>S. liquefaciens</em> strain resisted Pb stress up to 400 µM Pb(NO₃)₂ and exhibited the highest levels of solubilized phosphate, solubilized zinc, siderophore, indole acetic acid, exopolysaccharide, trehalose and antioxidant enzymes at 400 µM Pb compared to the other treatments. Moreover, Pb stress (200 and 400 µM) significantly decreased the growth, yield, nutrient uptake, gas exchange, and contents of chlorophyll, soluble proteins, sugars, and phenolics of soybean plants. Pb stress also induced the levels of proline, glycine betaine, Pb, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate, glutathione and expression of stress-responsive genes (<em>CAT</em>, <em>APX</em>, <em>POD</em>, <em>Fe-SOD</em>, <em>CHS7, CHI1A, PAL, IFS2, P5CS</em> and <em>WRKY54</em>) in soybean plants. On the other hand, <em>S. liquefaciens</em> application markedly boosted the growth, yield and levels of nutrients, gas-exchange, chlorophyll, osmolytes, antioxidant enzymes and expression of stress-tolerant genes of Pb-stressed soybean plants. The bacterial inoculation significantly diminished oxidative stress indicators and Pb content in stressed plants. Inoculation of soybean plants with <em>S. liquefaciens</em> also caused significant reductions in blight disease symptoms in <em>P. savastanoi</em> pv. <em>glycinea</em>-infected plants, indicating the efficiency of this strain in controlling harmful blight disease. Overall, this study demonstrated <em>S. liquefaciens</em> ZM6 effectiveness in enhancing soybean resistance to Pb stress and bacterial blight.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100403"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GRASSIUS 2.0: A gene regulatory information knowledgebase for maize and other grasses","authors":"John Gray ,&nbsp;Yi-Hsuan Chu ,&nbsp;Ankita Abnave ,&nbsp;Fabio Gomez Cano ,&nbsp;Yun Sun Lee ,&nbsp;Sarah Percival ,&nbsp;Nan Jiang ,&nbsp;Erich Grotewold","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grass species, which include the major cereal crops maize, wheat, rice, and sugarcane, are an integral part of our global agriculture and source of food and energy for a growing world population. GRASSIUS was established as a knowledgebase for transcription factors (TFs) and coregulators (CoRegs) in maize and several other species in the grass family. TFs are a primary component of the gene regulatory networks (GRNs) and the underlying gene regulatory grids (GRGs) that govern all aspects of plant growth and metabolism. GRASSIUS is the source for all information pertaining to the maize TFome collection, which serves as a powerful resource for the discovery of GRNs in maize and other cereals [1,2]. Here we describe the release of the GRASSIUS 2.0 knowledgebase (<span><span>www.grassius.org</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) with updated data, query, and tool features, as well as the ability to expand to accommodate future datasets. The membership and annotation of all TF and CoReg families has been updated and revised to include gene models from v3, v4, and v5, of the maize B73 genome and recent genome versions of rice, sorghum, <em>Brachypodium</em>, and sugarcane. A translation tool enables cross referencing of Gene IDs between versions of the maize genome. Protein-DNA interactions (PDIs) have been added incorporating results derived from various gene- and TF-centered PDI discovery tools and visualized through a new web-based interface. A filtering tools permits the selection and visualization of PDIs within a ± 2 kb distance from the transcriptional start site (TSS) of a gene of interest. A new BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) tool facilitates searching of the maize TFome as well as v3, v4, and v5 TF gene model sets. Lastly, we describe the methodology used to implement GRASSIUS 2.0 which can guide others in developing and updating similar plant gene regulatory knowledgebases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential applications of cytokinins and cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase inhibitors for mitigating abiotic stresses in model and non-model plant species","authors":"Mxolisi P. Voko ,&nbsp;Adeyemi O. Aremu ,&nbsp;Nokwanda P. Makunga ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Nisler ,&nbsp;Karel Doležal ,&nbsp;Nqobile A. Masondo","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cytokinins (CKs) are important phytohormones which are used by plants to optimize responses against abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, temperature and nutrient stresses known to repress germination, and influencing general plant growth and development. Such stresses often trigger phenotypic plasticity and lead to low yields. Yet, the beneficial effect of CKs is counteracted by cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKO/CKX, EC 1.5.99.12) enzymes and by <em>N</em>- and/or <em>O</em>-glycosylation. Additionally, research on CKs and CKX is often limited to model plants studied in isolation, and sparsely covers non-model plants exposed to abiotic stresses. Thus, this review explored the role of CKs and CKX inhibitors in mitigating abiotic stresses in model and non-model plants. We also examined possible crosstalk mechanisms of CKs with auxins, polyamines, and other major phytohormones. A detailed literature search was conducted using several databases including Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed. Upon perception of environmental stimuli, CKs [e.g., <em>N</em>⁶-(Δ²isopent-2-enyl)adenine (iP), <em>trans</em>-zeatin (<em>t</em>Z) and <em>cis</em>-zeatin (<em>c</em>Z)] induce abiotic stress tolerance in a CK - dependent manner or by forming intermolecular pathways with abscisic acid, ethylene, auxins and polyamines. Regulatory motifs of type-B ARRs code for transcriptional responses via DNA-binding. Inhibitors of CKX (e.g., 3TFM-2HE, INCYDE, F-INCYDE and anisiflupurin) act as promoters of growth and stress-tolerance through the inhibition of catabolic CKXs and regulate an increase in endogenous CKs (e.g., iP, <em>t</em>Z and <em>c</em>Z) in plants. The ability of CKX inhibitors to intercept CKX gene regulation is an indication of their potential applications in agriculture and other industries that rely on plant-based products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100398"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nested association mapping population in japonica rice: Development, characterization, and application in genome-wide association studies","authors":"Bhagwat Nawade ,&nbsp;Sang-Ho Chu ,&nbsp;Sunhee Kim ,&nbsp;Chang-Yong Lee ,&nbsp;Jinsong Bao ,&nbsp;Yong-Jin Park","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multiparental mapping populations hold great potential for dissecting quantitative traits and rapidly identifying genetic determinants. We developed a <em>japonica</em> nested association mapping population, KNU_NAM, comprising 880 lines derived from ten recombinant inbred lines (RILs) families of prominent varieties and the elite Korean variety Shindongjin. Genetic characterization of KNU_NAM revealed 48,159 polymorphic SNPs, with family counts ranging from 18,787 to 42,578 and an average of 30,019 SNPs per family. Further molecular diversity analysis of KNU_NAM indicated reduced population structure and broad genetic diversity. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on five morphological traits identified 47 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs), with a set of 18 MTAs located on chromosome 9. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) block analysis of this region revealed 15 haplotypes and identified five key genes associated with panicle architecture: <em>OsDEP1</em>, <em>OsEATB</em>, <em>OsLGD1</em>, and <em>OsSPL18</em>. Additionally, two non-synonymous MTAs on chromosome 7 were located on the exon of <em>OsPRR37/Ghd7.1</em>, a gene associated with plant height, heading date, and grain number per panicle. Further phenotypic performance analysis of haplotypes from these hotspot regions revealed significant differences in the targeted traits. The study validates the potential of KNU_NAM and GWAS for high-resolution genetic mapping in rice breeding programs, highlighting the utility of these populations for enhancing genetic diversity and improving trait selection in rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyramiding of multiple resistant genes of blast and bacterial blight diseases in the background of rice (Oryza sativa) mega variety BRRI dhan29","authors":"Mohammad Abdul Latif ,&nbsp;Sheikh Arafat Islam Nihad,&nbsp;Rakibul Hasan,&nbsp;Lutfur Rahman,&nbsp;Touhidur Rahman Anik,&nbsp;Amal Chandra Manidas,&nbsp;Mamunur Rashid,&nbsp;Mohammad Ashik Iqbal Khan,&nbsp;Rejwan Bhuiyan","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blast and bacterial blight (BB) are the two major rice diseases in the world including Bangladesh. In this study, BB resistance genes (<em>Xa21</em> and <em>xa13</em>) and blast resistance (<em>Pi9</em> and <em>Pb1</em>) genes were pyramided into a mega variety, BRRI dhan29 through marker-assisted backcross breeding. IRBB58 was used as a BB-resistant donor and Pi9-US2, and Pb1-US2 were used as blast-resistant donors. Backcross was done between BRRI dhan29 and donor parents to develop BC₃F₁ population and then selfing was done to develop BC₃F₆ population. BC₃F₂ population was genotyped and phenotyped for segregation analysis and BC₃F₆ was evaluated for genotyping, phenotyping and morphological traits and yields. Chi-square analysis of BC₃F₂ data revealed that blast and BB resistance followed the single gene mendelian fashion (1:2:1 and 3:1). Two to four gene combinations were found in the advanced lines of the BC₃F₆ population. The yield of the advanced lines ranged from 6.42 (t ha⁻¹) to 9.5 (t ha⁻¹) and they showed resistant against blast and BB with mean disease scores ranging from 0.67 to 2.33 and 0.33–2.33, respectively. Finally, eight lines having four genes (<em>xa13, Xa21, Pi9</em> and <em>Pb1</em>) were selected for multilocational (five locations) trials for yield performance and disease reaction. Mean yield data of eight advanced lines of all locations were varied from 6.48±0.15–8.38±0.11 t ha⁻¹ and all the lines showed resistant reactions against blast (score 0.53–1) and BB (score 0.6–0.87) disease. The highest yield was found in BR (Path) 13800-BC3–224–12 (G28, 8.38±0.11 t ha⁻¹) followed by BR (Path) 13800-BC3–134–252 (G26, 8.28±0.08 t ha⁻¹) and BR (Path) 13800-BC3–136–115 (G12, 8.24±0.07 t ha⁻¹). Pyramided advanced lines of this study could be released as BB and blast-resistant varieties or could be utilized as donor parents in resistant breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryopreservation of Arum palaestinum plant callus as a strategy for mitigating extinction risks","authors":"Sobhia Saifan ,&nbsp;Rida A. Shibli ,&nbsp;Tamara S. Al Qudah ,&nbsp;Reham W. Tahtamouni ,&nbsp;Tamadour Al –Qudah","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Arum palaestinum</em> is a wild perennial plant commonly known as \"Al-Loof\" in Jordan. Due to overharvesting, climate change, and increasing demand, its natural populations are threatened with extinction. Cryopreservation, an effective method for conserving plant material at ultra-low temperatures, is explored for <em>A. palaestinum</em> calli. We investigated the applicability of encapsulation-vitrification (using different plant vitrification solutions (PVS) and incubation times), encapsulation-dehydration (using sucrose or sorbitol at different concentrations and dehydration times), and the v-cryoplate (using different pre-culture times and temperatures) techniques. In the encapsulation-vitrification experiment, a notable 82.4 % regrowth rate was achieved by desiccating calli in plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2) for 10 minutes at 25 °C. The encapsulation-dehydration technique resulted in an 82.6 % regrowth rate by incubating calli for one day in low sucrose levels (0.1 M sucrose) following one hour of air dehydration, where the moisture content of the beads was 30 %. The moisture content of the beads decreased from 81 % before chemical and air dehydration to 71 % after 0 hours of air dehydration combined with chemical dehydration using 0.1 M sucrose or sorbitol. It further dropped to 30–34 % after one day of chemical dehydration with 0.1 M sucrose and 1 hour of air dehydration. The v-cryoplate technique successfully conserved calli, showing impressive survival and regrowth percentages (96.8 %) when the callus was pre-cultured with 0.3 M sucrose for three days at 5 °C. Temperature during pre-culture significantly influenced regrowth percentages in the v-cryoplate technique. The study establishes promising cryopreservation protocols for <em>A. palaestinum</em> calli, offering a means to conserve germplasm and contribute to environmental and biodiversity protection by reintroducing endangered plants to their native habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}