Microbes and metabolites of a plant-parasite interaction: Deciphering the ecology of Tetrastigma host choice in the world’s largest parasitic flower, Rafflesia

IF 4.5 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Jeanmaire Molina , Roche C. de Guzman , Rinat Abzalimov , Wenkai Huang , Anusha Guruprasad , Ronniel Pedales , Adhityo Wicaksono , Destiny Davis , John Rey Callado , Hans Bänziger , Piyakaset Suksathan , William Eaton , Pride Yin , Marco Bürger , Mick Erickson , Stephen Jones , James Adams , Susan Pell
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Rafflesia, known for producing the world’s largest flowers, is a holoparasite found only in Southeast Asia's rapidly diminishing tropical forests. Completely dependent on its Tetrastigma host plants, Rafflesia grows covertly within its host until flowering, but the ecological factors driving host susceptibility are unknown. With most Rafflesia species on the brink of extinction due to habitat loss, understanding the complex ecological interactions between Rafflesia and its host is crucial for conservation. In this study, we integrated metagenomic data with metabolomic profiles to identify potential functional relationships between microbial communities and specific metabolites, shedding light on their ecological roles in Rafflesia's life cycle. Key findings reveal that microbial taxa such as Microbacteriaceae and Nocardioidaceae correlate with elevated levels of polyphenols, particularly gallic acid derivatives, which may shape the chemical environment conducive to Rafflesia development. Complex-carbon-degrading bacteria thrive in the chemically distinct environment of Rafflesia buds, while an unknown group of Saccharimonadales was enriched in Tetrastigma host species. Docosenamide production in Rafflesia buds and their hosts may facilitate parasitic infection, while coumarin compounds in non-host Tetrastigma species may exert allelopathic effects. The enrichment of gallic acid derivatives, the phytohormone adenine, and gall-associated bacteria suggests that Rafflesia buds may function similarly to plant galls, manipulating host tissues to support their reproductive development. This study highlights the dynamic microbial shifts during Rafflesia’s development, emphasizing its symbiotic relationship with microbial communities and hosts. In identifying essential microbial and chemical conditions that could improve propagation techniques, this research has practical applications in ex situ conservation efforts, aiding in the rescue of the world’s largest flowers from the brink of extinction.
植物-寄生虫相互作用的微生物和代谢物:解读世界上最大的寄生花莱佛士花中四柱花寄主选择的生态学
以开出世界上最大的花而闻名的莱佛士花是一种全寄生植物,只在东南亚迅速减少的热带森林中发现。莱佛士花完全依赖其四柱属寄主植物,在开花前在寄主体内隐蔽生长,但驱动寄主敏感性的生态因素尚不清楚。由于大多数Rafflesia物种由于栖息地丧失而濒临灭绝,了解Rafflesia与其宿主之间复杂的生态相互作用对于保护Rafflesia至关重要。在这项研究中,我们将宏基因组数据与代谢组学数据相结合,以确定微生物群落与特定代谢物之间的潜在功能关系,揭示它们在莱佛士生命周期中的生态作用。主要研究结果表明,微细菌科和Nocardioidaceae等微生物类群与多酚含量升高有关,特别是没食子酸衍生物,这可能塑造了有利于莱佛士发育的化学环境。复杂的碳降解细菌在Rafflesia芽的化学环境中茁壮成长,而一组未知的Saccharimonadales在tetrastigrma宿主物种中丰富。Rafflesia芽及其寄主产生的Docosenamide可能促进寄生虫感染,而非寄主Tetrastigma物种中的香豆素化合物可能具有化感作用。没食子酸衍生物、植物激素腺嘌呤和胆囊相关细菌的富集表明,Rafflesia芽的功能可能类似于植物的胆囊,操纵宿主组织以支持其生殖发育。本研究强调了莱佛士花发育过程中微生物的动态变化,强调了其与微生物群落和宿主的共生关系。在确定可以改善繁殖技术的必要微生物和化学条件方面,这项研究在移地保护工作中具有实际应用价值,有助于将世界上最大的花朵从灭绝的边缘拯救出来。
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来源期刊
Current Plant Biology
Current Plant Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science
CiteScore
10.90
自引率
1.90%
发文量
32
审稿时长
50 days
期刊介绍: Current Plant Biology aims to acknowledge and encourage interdisciplinary research in fundamental plant sciences with scope to address crop improvement, biodiversity, nutrition and human health. It publishes review articles, original research papers, method papers and short articles in plant research fields, such as systems biology, cell biology, genetics, epigenetics, mathematical modeling, signal transduction, plant-microbe interactions, synthetic biology, developmental biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology, biotechnologies, bioinformatics and plant genomic resources.
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