Current Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Rhodiola rosea L. extract ameliorates ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation via NF-κB pathway inhibition","authors":"Rahamat Unissa Syed ,&nbsp;Mohd.Abdul Hadi ,&nbsp;Aisha Mofareh Almarir ,&nbsp;Amal Mohammad Alahmari ,&nbsp;Yusra Hasan Alremthi ,&nbsp;Asia Abdulrahman A. Alsagri ,&nbsp;Danah Laimooniah ,&nbsp;Mohammed Khaled Bin Break","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Rhodiola rosea L</em>. is a traditional plant that has been found to exhibit a wide range of biological activities, however, there is a lack of research regarding its potential anti-ulcer activity. In this study, the plant’s anti-ulcer activity has been evaluated in detail for the first time. <em>R. rosea</em> methanolic extract anti-ulcer activity was investigated against ethanol-induced ulcer rats. The results showed that administering the extract to ulcerated rats reduced gastric acidity and ulcer index while improving nitric oxide (NO) and cytoprotective prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), as well as anti-oxidants glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). On the other hand, the extract decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels. Further, ELISA assays showed that <em>R. rosea</em> extract decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in ulcerated rats. Western blot analysis confirmed the ELISA results, indicating that the extract decreased IL-6 and TNF-α protein expression and inhibited the NF-κB signalling pathway. Macroscopic and histological investigations on ulcerated rats verified the extract's anti-ulcer effects. The extract’s anti-ulcer activity was dose-dependent with the 600 mg/kg/day dose showing superior activity across all assays. GCMS analysis identified the extract’s major constituents as bicyclo [4.1.0] heptane, 7-pentyl (50.784 %) followed by 2-heptadecenal (33.2 %), and it is thought that these compounds play a crucial role in the extract’s bioactivity. Finally, <em>in silico</em> studies showed that the most abundant molecule, bicyclo [4.1.0] heptane, 7-pentyl, demonstrated the highest binding affinity in its interaction with H⁺, K⁺-ATPase. Taken together, the extract’s mode of action might include the inhibition of H⁺, K⁺-ATPase by bicyclo [4.1.0] heptane, 7-pentyl, followed by NF-κB pathway inhibition and subsequent regulation of cytokines and other inflammatory biomarkers. This innovative finding has the potential to lead to a successful anti-ulcer medicine, which might be followed by additional clinical trials or bioguided isolation research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced and predictive modelling of direct shoot regeneration of Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) using ANN machine learning model and genetic stability studies","authors":"Collince Omondi Awere ,&nbsp;Kasinathan Rakkammal ,&nbsp;Andaç Batur Çolak ,&nbsp;Mustafa Bayrak ,&nbsp;Ogolla Fredrick ,&nbsp;Valentine Chikaodili Anadebe ,&nbsp;Manikandan Ramesh","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several factors interact to regulate direct <em>in vitro</em> shoot regeneration. Optimization of de novo direct regeneration is a primary prerequisite for the success of genetic transformation experiments. However, achieving an optimized protocol is typically difficult due to the high cost and time consumption, as well as the complexity of this process. Hence, the application of computational techniques (machine learning (ML) algorithms) is essential for predicting de novo direct regeneration. This study examined the influence of various concentrations of optimal plant growth regulator (PGR) on the successful de novo <em>in vitro</em> regeneration of the shoot of <em>Evolvulus alsinoides</em>. The de novo direct regeneration of <em>E. alsinoides</em> was modelled using Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). Performance of the model was assessed using computational metrics (RMSE and R²). The outcome demonstrated that the model algorithm had higher predictive accuracy. The mean square error (MSE) value was obtained as 5.18E-02, and the R² value was 0.99565. Moreover, the findings revealed a 90.83 % regeneration rate with 26.25 shoots per explant achieved from Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 μM Thidiazuron (TDZ) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.1 μM). Based on our results, the MLP was able to optimize the variables accurately. The results indicated good performance in modelling and optimization of <em>in vitro</em> de novo direct regeneration. The model may be used as a dependable and accurate predictive technique for ensuing investigations in <em>in vitro</em> plant genetic engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined application of biochar and silicon nanoparticles enhance soil and wheat productivity under drought: Insights into physiological and antioxidant defense mechanisms","authors":"Bilal Zulfiqar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza ,&nbsp;Muhammad Akhtar ,&nbsp;Nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Mamoona Hussain ,&nbsp;Junaid Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud ,&nbsp;Hossam Ebaid ,&nbsp;Rashid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Muhammad Usman Aslam ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. El-Tayeb ,&nbsp;Shiming Su","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural drought periods are enhanced by the change in global climate that threatens food security. One of the main factors affecting soil and wheat productivity worldwide is drought stress. Especially, in semi-arid climates, studies are not found about adding organic amendments may be a viable way to reduce the adverse impacts of drought on crops while enhancing soil qualities and water use efficiency. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of combined application of biochar (BC = 5 %) and silicon nanoparticles (SiNP = 900 mg/L) on soil and wheat drought resistance. Drought stress was applied at the three most critical growth stages of wheat, tillering (DTS), flowering (DFS), and grain filling (DGFS) stages, then evaluated the soil nutrients and wheat drought physiological resistance under applied treatments (BC, SiNP, BC+SiNP). Results showed that combined treatment of BC and SiNP greatly reduced the adverse effects of drought by enhancing plant height (9.36 %), spike length (25.63 %), number of fertile tillers (29.26 %), grains per spike (10.86 %), thousand-grain weight (18.25 %), and biological yield (16.34 %) with comparison to the control application. Additionally, physiological measures like water use efficiency (20.58 %), stomatal conductance (29.26 %), chlorophyll a (16.25 %), chlorophyll b (18.96 %), transpiration rate (21.65 %), photosynthetic rate (22.94 %), electrolyte leakage (-17.77 %), MDA (29.25 %), hydrogen peroxide (-19.88 %), superoxide dismutase (11.19 %), catalase (9.26 %), peroxidase (18.59 %), nitrogen (14.81 %), phosphorus (13.89 %), and potassium (17.61 %) were also meaningfully improved by treated application. BC and SiNP also significantly amended the organic carbon, nitrogen, and minerals percentage in soil. In conclusion, using the synergistic application of BC and SiNP could be a successful strategy to promote the biological soil properties, plant growth, yield, and quality of wheat crops as compared to all other treatments via dropping the dangerous effects of drought stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfur redirects carbon metabolism to optimize nitrogen utilization and promote andrographolide biosynthesis in Andrographis paniculata seedlings","authors":"Shao-Fen Jian ,&nbsp;Yan-Fen Huang ,&nbsp;Si Wan ,&nbsp;Dong-Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Lin ,&nbsp;Qiong Liao ,&nbsp;Chu Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfur (S) is an important mineral nutrient element that improves plant growth and secondary metabolism. S affects the biosynthesis of andrographolide in medicinal plant <em>Androgaphis paniculata</em> by regulating nitrogen (N) metabolism. However, its specific role in N utilization and the connection with andrographolide biosynthesis have not yet been thoroughly understood. Here, a soilless cultivation experiment with low S (LS, 0.1 mM) and high S (HS, 2.4 mM) was conducted to investigate how S influences carbon (C) metabolism and N utilization to promote andographolide biosynthesis in <em>Andrographis paniculata</em>. The results showed that HS significantly increased plant biomass and N use efficiency (NUE), accompanying with remarkable enhanced andrographolide content. HS promoted the expression of photosynthetic genes, and redirected C metabolism towards to sugars accumulation by enhancing the activities of NAD-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD-GDH), malic enzyme (ME) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). On the other hand, HS reduced N and S assimilation, and stimulated a greater N allocation in photosynthesis. Accordingly, NUE was increased and andrographolided biosynthesis could profit from the shift of C resource reallocation. Additionally, the significantly increased activities of ME, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) provided reductants for secondary metabolism. HS also considerably upregulated the expression of genes in andrographolide biosynthetic pathway, including <em>ApDXS</em>, <em>ApDXR</em>, <em>ApHDS</em> and <em>ApHDR</em> in the MEP pathway, and <em>ApGGPS</em>. Transcription factors in the families of MYB, WRKY, ERF and bHLH, and plant hormones ABA and JA were in response to HS. Our results revealed that S synergistically promotes NUE and andrographolide biosynthesis via remodeling of C metabolism in <em>A. paniculata</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing sustainability: The impact of emerging technologies in agriculture","authors":"Ashoka Gamage ,&nbsp;Ruchira Gangahagedara ,&nbsp;Shyamantha Subasinghe ,&nbsp;Jeewan Gamage ,&nbsp;Chamini Guruge ,&nbsp;Sera Senaratne ,&nbsp;Thevin Randika ,&nbsp;Chamila Rathnayake ,&nbsp;Zammil Hameed ,&nbsp;Terrence Madhujith ,&nbsp;Othmane Merah","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The need to ensure food security and promote environmental sustainability has led to a transformative period in agriculture. This period is characterized by the use of novel technology, which provides solutions that effectively address ecological concerns while also ensuring economic viability. Emerging technologies, such as precision farming enabled by drones, sensor-based monitoring systems and genetic editing techniques that result in drought-resistant crops, are significantly changing the agricultural sector. The integration of data analytics and machine learning algorithms is transforming supply chain management and enhancing the capabilities of predictive analytics in the context of crop diseases. Technological interventions serve to optimize efficiency and minimize the adverse ecological effects associated with farming, promoting the goals of sustainable agriculture. However, it is important to carefully address ethical and socio-economic considerations, including accessibility and data privacy, to manage these effects effectively. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the contributions of emerging technology to sustainable agriculture, evaluate its constraints, and suggest a comprehensive framework for its ethical and equitable integration. Communication technology has also impacted the agricultural sector, particularly with the increased use of connected devices. Artificial intelligence and deep learning advancements make processing collected data faster and more efficient, leading to more sustainable agricultural production using free, open-source software and sensor technology solutions. This technology enhances land optimization and boosts agricultural productivity, making sustainable farming practices more viable for both large and small-scale farmers. Our bibliometric analysis indicates a notable increase in interest in integrating sustainable agricultural methods with new technologies, particularly since 2018. It also revealed a strong link between precision agriculture, smart farming, machine learning, and the Internet of Things. However, awareness of technology is not very prevalent in the Asian region, especially among small-scale farmers. As a result, excessive usage of agricultural resources and wastage bring many adverse repercussions, and it's a high constraint to sustainable agricultural practices in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rock dust-based potting media enhances agronomic performance and nutritional quality of horticultural crops","authors":"Abraham Arma ,&nbsp;Linda Alrayes ,&nbsp;Thu Huong Pham ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nadeem ,&nbsp;Charles Manful ,&nbsp;Owen Bartlett ,&nbsp;Eric Fordjour ,&nbsp;Mumtaz Cheema ,&nbsp;Lakshman Galagedara ,&nbsp;Lord Abbey ,&nbsp;Raymond Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study evaluates the use of rock dust (RD)-based potting media in enhancing the agronomic performance and nutritional quality of amaranth, kale, and lettuce under controlled environmental conditions. A total of ten growth media formulations, including: 1) 100 % RD (RD), 2) 50 % RD+50 % Topsoil (RDT), 3) 50 % RD + 25 % Biochar + 25 % Promix (RBP) 4) 100 % Topsoil (TS), 5) 25 % RD + 75 % Topsoil (RT), 6) Huplaso (negative control), 7) 50 % RD + 25 % compost + 25 % promix (RCP), 8) 50 % RD + 50 % Promix (RP), 9) Promix (P) (Control), and 10) 50 % RD + 50 % Biochar (RB) were evaluated. The addition of RD to media resulted in a significantly higher root-shoot ratio in amaranth and lettuce. The RCP, RBP, and control showed a significant increase (p&lt;0.05) in total biomass (TBM) and the number of leaves in kale and lettuce during crop cycles. The total antioxidant content of lettuce showed a significant increase in RT&gt;RCP&gt;RD over the control P. Lettuce crops grown in RB had the highest consumer preference based on size and overall appearance. Overall, this study demonstrated an increase in total microminerals, fresh weight, total biomass, MUFA (monosaturated fatty acid), protein content, and antioxidants in plant tissue produced using RD-based media amendments. This is supported by the strong association observed between the media quality and the agronomic performance as well as the nutritional composition. The results suggest RD-based amendments (RCP, RBP, RB, and RP) could be used as suitable, sustainable, and cost-effective media amendments for improving the growth and nutritional composition of vegetable crops, limiting the environmental disposal of RD following precious metal mining. Further optimization of the above media would enhance its utility for vegetable production in different crop management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing marine macroalgal phlorotannins as an antibacterial candidate against Salmonella typhi: Molecular docking and dynamics simulation approach","authors":"Arun Kumar Malaisamy ,&nbsp;Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian ,&nbsp;Pon Yazhine Tamilselvan ,&nbsp;Venkatesh Sakthivel ,&nbsp;Santhi Venkatachalapathi ,&nbsp;Haripriya Kuchi Bhotla","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial strains, including multidrug-resistant <em>Salmonella typhi</em>, has raised significant concerns about the effectiveness of traditional antimicrobial treatments. To address this issue, the study employed computational techniques to evaluate the potential of natural phlorotannins derived from marine algae as alternative antibacterial agents against <em>S. typhi</em>. A total of 104 phlorotannins were retrieved from PubChem and subjected to molecular docking with three specific target proteins of <em>S. typhi</em>. Among the compounds tested, Compound-10 a derivative of dieckol exhibited the highest affinity for the Omptin family outer membrane protease [pgtE] protein and for the cell invasion protein sipB protein. The docking results revealed strong interactions between the phlorotannins and the target proteins, indicating their potential as antimicrobial agents. Additionally, pharmacokinetic studies using the QikProp module demonstrated that the top-ranked compounds showed favourable drug-like properties with good druggable efficiency, moderate gut-blood barrier transport, and high human oral absorption. Most compounds passed the rule of three and five drug-likeness criteria, indicating their potential as drug candidates. Furthermore, MM-GBSA analysis provided relative binding affinity estimations, ranking the compounds based on their calculated binding energies. These results align reasonably well with experimental binding affinities, reinforcing the potential of the identified compounds as potent binders to their target proteins. This study highlights the promising antibacterial potential of marine phlorotannins against <em>S. typhi.</em> Further <em>in vitro</em> studies are warranted to validate these compounds' efficacy and anti-microbial activity, ultimately paving the way for developing new therapeutic strategies to combat drug-resistant <em>Salmonella</em> infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100418"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome signature for multiple biotic and abiotic stress in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) identifies using machine learning approach","authors":"Bahman Panahi","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L.) is exposed to various biotic and abiotic stresses, making it crucial to fully understand the gene signatures that respond to stress. This study utilizes machine learning to analyze transcriptomic data from 515 RNA-seq profiles across 18 independent studies, covering eleven abiotic and three biotic stress types. Through meticulous data preprocessing, including quality assessment and batch effect correction, we have identified 4311 genes for further analysis. Feature selection was performed using five weighting algorithms, resulting in the prioritization of 400 core genes. Machine learning models, specifically Random Forest and C4.5, were optimized and evaluated using a 10-fold cross-validation approach. The C4.5 algorithm demonstrated superior accuracy in predicting stress-responsive signatures. Key genes, such as bHLH119 and E3 ubiquitin protein ligase DRIP2, were identified as potential biomarkers. Functional enrichment analysis, conducted through protein-protein interaction networks and Gene Ontology/KEGG pathway analysis, has revealed significant involvement in lipid biosynthesis, signal transduction, and defense response processes. These findings highlight the crucial roles of the identified biomarkers genes in barley's resilience to stress and provide potential targets for genetic improvement. Future research should focus on validating these biomarkers in different barley cultivars and under field conditions to enhance crop resilience against stressors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100416"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the effects of forchlorfenuron and thidiazuron on flavonoid biosynthesis in table grape skins","authors":"Ting Zheng ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiang Xiang ,&nbsp;Lingzhu Wei ,&nbsp;Wanting Shen ,&nbsp;Jiang Wu ,&nbsp;Jianhui Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forchlorfenuron (CPPU) and thidiazuron (TDZ) are the most commonly used plant growth regulators in grape production. However, their application can result in astringency and uneven fruit skin coloring, which are related to flavonoid metabolic pathway. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of CPPU and TDZ on flavonoid synthesis in ‘Tiangong Moyu’ grape. The swelling effect of TDZ was better than that of CPPU, with T5 (25 mg·L⁻¹ GA₃+2.5 mg·L⁻¹ TDZ applied at 100 % flowering and 25 mg·L⁻¹ GA₃+2.5 mg·L⁻¹ TDZ applied 15 d later) showing the best swelling effect. Both CPPU and TDZ increased flavonoid content, and CPPU accelerated coloring. Combined with transcriptome analysis, cluster analysis showed that treatments T3 (two CPPU applications) and T5 had the strongest correlation. T5 caused the greatest change in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that MM.magenta was correlated with tannin and flavonoid contents. <em>GST23</em> was consistent with the mature fruit flavonoid contents. <em>WRKY57</em> and <em>MYB86</em> increased after CPPU and TDZ treatment, especially in T5. Metabolomic analysis showed that the smallest difference in composition occurred between T1 (control) and T4 (one TDZ application), and naringenin only showed differences in T1 vs T4 and T1 vs T5, with enrichment in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Association analysis in the flavonoid synthesis pathway showed that catechin, dihydrokaempferol, and naringenin were associated. Catechin is closely related to <em>CHS17</em>, with higher levels in T2 (one CPPU application) and T3. The above results provide a theoretical basis for improving grape berry quality using plant growth regulators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100417"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the biochemical and computational parameters of Ceropegia foetida: A scientific approach for functional bioactive compounds from a medicinal food plant","authors":"Fawaz Alheibshy ,&nbsp;Abdulwahab Alamri ,&nbsp;Saad Saeed Saad Alshahrani ,&nbsp;Ahmed Awadh Saleh Alamri ,&nbsp;Nasser A.Awadh Ali ,&nbsp;Abdulwali Al-Khulaidi ,&nbsp;Arshad Hussain ,&nbsp;Sirajudheen Anwar","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2024.100414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigating the therapeutic potentials of medicinal plants remains pivotal in the discovery of novel bioactive compounds for food and pharmaceutical applications. This research delves into the phytochemical composition and biological activities of <em>Ceropegia foetida's</em> methanol extract, employing comprehensive UHPLC-MS for secondary metabolites profiling. The study quantifies the extract's substantial phenolic (76.12 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (21.58 mg QE/g) contents, revealing a promising correlation with robust antioxidant activities, as evidenced by notable ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC assay outcomes. Furthermore, the extract demonstrates significant inhibitory effects on key enzymes implicated in neurodegenerative disorders and diabetes, including acetylcholinesterase (3.56 mg GALAE/g), butyrylcholinesterase (2.91 mg GALAE/g), and tyrosinase (128.31 mg KAE/g). UHPLC-MS analysis confirms the presence of 39 distinct phytochemicals across six primary categories, affirming the extract's complex bioactive profile. In complement to experimental assays, computational analyses <em>via</em> molecular docking simulations provided insights into the interaction mechanisms of identified phytochemicals with the target enzymes. These simulations revealed a substantial binding affinity of the plant's constituents towards enzymes compared to standard inhibitors, highlighting the compounds responsible for C<em>. foetida</em>'s bioactivity. Such computational insights, alongside empirical data, suggest that <em>C. foetida</em> merits further exploration as a natural source of therapeutic agents. Overall, the efficacious enzyme inhibition, coupled with the identified phytochemical diversity, underscores the potential of <em>C. foetida</em> as a valuable natural resource for developing nutraceuticals and therapeutic agents. These findings support the further investigation of <em>C. foetida</em> for its applicability in enhancing health and treating chronic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100414"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}